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3M employee and church chorister Art Fry needed something to temporarily mark pages in his hymnal. He was in luck because his colleague, Spencer Silver, accidentally developed a glue that was too weak for other purposes. After initially discouraging consumer response, Post-it Notes became a hit in 1979.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8065883 | Controlled storage of liquefied gases A method and apparatus for the controlled storage of liquefied gases such as liquefied natural gas in an enclosed insulated container, in which part of the liquid is withdrawn and fed to an external refrigeration unit for subcooling and the subcooled liquid is reint... | 11/29/2011 |
| 7891197 | Method for non-intermittent provision of fluid supercool carbon dioxide at constant pressure above 40 bar as well as the system for implementation of the method A method and an apparatus for the uninterrupted supply of liquid subcooled carbon dioxide. The liquid is supplied at a nearly constant pressure greater than about 40 bar. Liquid carbon dioxide is supplied at a low pressure and is sent into a low pressure tank where ... | 02/22/2011 |
| 7631506 | Liquid nitrogen enabler A method and apparatus for using liquid nitrogen to render crises safe, as in circumstances of hostage crises, entering Methamphetamine labs, purging the accumulating toxic or flammable gases, ending the dispersal of substances from aerosols and capturing the materi... | 12/15/2009 |
| 7497086 | Method and apparatus for maintaining apparatus at cryogenic temperatures over an extended period without active refrigeration The present provides a cryogenic thermal battery arrangement for maintaining a superconducting magnet coil or similar apparatus at cryogenic temperature for a required shipping period, such as thirty days, without consuming a significant amount of costly cryogen. Ac... | 03/03/2009 |
| 7395675 | Superconducting cable cooling system A superconducting cable cooling system, wherein coolant continually provides cooling to superconducting cable, comprising a plurality of nodes within a superconducting cable network and a plurality of legs of superconducting cable which interconnect each of the node... | 07/08/2008 |
| 7350604 | Gaseous fuel system for automotive vehicle A gaseous fuel system for an automotive vehicle includes a gaseous fuel storage tank and an associated pressure sensor for monitoring pressurized gas contained within the storage tank. A parameter-driven routine monitors the integrity of the tank by tracking filing ... | 04/01/2008 |
| 7322387 | Reception, processing, handling and distribution of hydrocarbons and other fluids An integrated energy hub facility capable of bringing together all aspects of hydrocarbon and other fluid product movement under controlled conditions applicable to the reception, storage, processing, collection and transmission downstream is provided. Input to the ... | 01/29/2008 |
| 7316363 | System and method for delivering cryogenic fluid According to an embodiment of the present invention, a rotating nozzle assembly includes a rotatable shaft having a bore to transport a cryogenic fluid therethrough. The rotatable shaft has an upstream portion associated with a feed chamber and a downstream portion.... | 01/08/2008 |
| 7310955 | System and method for delivering cryogenic fluid According to an embodiment of the present invention, a cryogenic fluid delivery system includes a vessel containing a cryogenic fluid at a first pressure and a first temperature, a first heat exchanger coupled to the vessel for receiving the cryogenic fluid and cool... | 12/25/2007 |
| 7300261 | Vibration damper with nested turbo molecular pump A gas turbo pump assembly for connection to a port of a vacuum chamber and having high throughput with low vibration. The assembly comprises a turbo pump and a vibration damper. The pump has a pump body with an external surface and a center axis defining a first axi... | 11/27/2007 |
| 7299641 | Cryogenic storage system with improved temperature control A cryogenic storage system for cryogenic storage using liquid refrigerant is provided. The cryogenic storage system includes first and second vacuum vessels, a vacuum source, a quantity of a liquid refrigerant, and at least one temperature control assembly. An insul... | 11/27/2007 |
| 7296569 | Portable liquid oxygen unit with multiple operational orientations A portable liquid oxygen (LOX) storage/delivery apparatus is provided, including an insulated (LOX) container having an interior, a top portion, a bottom portion and a sidewall, the sidewall including a first side portion and a second side portion, both extending be... | 11/20/2007 |
| 7293418 | Method and apparatus for delivering a high pressure gas from a cryogenic storage tank A cryogenic tank assembly has a pump which discharges into an accumulator which is located in the cryogenic storage area. This reduces the space required for the device as well as the functioning of the device. The high pressure fluid in the accumulator remains at a... | 11/13/2007 |
| 7293417 | Methods and apparatus for processing, transporting and/or storing cryogenic fluids A cryogenic fluid storage/processing system which includes a tank for storing the cryogenic fluid, and a containment wall surrounding the tank and defining an impoundment area. The system further includes a vaporizer for regasification of the cryogenic fluid. Piping... | 11/13/2007 |
| 7284575 | Combined liquefied gas and compressed gas re-fueling station and method of operating same A re-fueling station is provided for selectively dispensing fuel in the form of liquefied gas or compressed gas. The re-fueling station comprises a storage tank for storing liquefied gas; a positive displacement fuel pump operable to draw fuel from the storage tank ... | 10/23/2007 |
| 7278278 | Cryogenic storage system The present invention provides devices and methods for the cryogenic storage of biological material. Devices of the invention are useful for storing material at a cryogenic temperature. The devices include a temperature chamber defined by a thermally-conductive cont... | 10/09/2007 |
| 7275395 | Method and apparatus for making dry ice An apparatus for producing dry ice is provided. The apparatus generally includes an expandable shell assembly, an expansion control assembly for controlling expansion of the expandable shell assembly, and a delivery system for delivering liquid carbon dioxide from a... | 10/02/2007 |
| 7264025 | Optimized cryogenic fluid supply method A method for supplying a cryogenic fluid to a network of two or more cryogenic fluid receiving stations, wherein a cryogenic liquid is routed to cryogenic fluid receiving stations in a single cryogenic vessel and is dispensed to the cryogenic fluid receiving station... | 09/04/2007 |
| 7263840 | Automatic LN2 distribution system for high-purity germanium multi-detector facilities A cryogenic fluid distribution device may include a fluid flow passage for distributing cryogenic fluid to an apparatus, an overflow passage positioned downstream of the apparatus, and a sensor coupled to the overflow passage, the sensor having an active component f... | 09/04/2007 |
| 7243501 | Expansion device for an air-conditioning system An expansion device, intended for installation in an air conditioning system with a supercritical refrigerant fluid (FR), is described. The expansion device (12) comprises a body (120) through which refrigerant fluid passes, equipped with an inlet cham... | 07/17/2007 |
| 7240499 | Method for transporting compressed natural gas to prevent explosions A method for preventing explosions while transporting compressed natural gas by a floating vessel entails obtaining pressurized high-energy content gas; separating the pressurized product stream into saturated gas and liquids; and removing impurities from the satura... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7240498 | Method to provide inventory for expedited loading, transporting, and unloading of compressed natural gas A method for providing inventory for expedited loading and transport of compressed natural gas entails obtaining pressurized high-energy content gas; separating the high-energy gas into saturated gas and liquids; and removing impurities from the saturated gas. Water... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7237391 | Method for processing and transporting compressed natural gas A method for processing and transporting compressed natural gas by a floating vessel with a power plant entails obtaining pressurized high-energy content gas, separating the pressurized product stream into saturated gas and liquids, and removing impurities from the ... | 07/03/2007 |
| 7228793 | Carbonation system for enhancing the flavor of fruits and vegetables A carbonation system is disclosed that effectively controls the treatment of fruits and vegetables with CO2 gas, providing enhanced flavor to fruits and vegetables. One embodiment of the invention uses a microprocessor to preferably monitor and control th... | 06/12/2007 |
| 7191602 | Storage of Hby absorption and/or mixture within a fluid medium For the first time, a hydrogen storage method, apparatus and system having a fluid mixture is provided. At predetermined pressures and/or temperatures within a contained substantially fixed volume, the fluid mixture can store a high density of hydrogen molecules, wh... | 03/20/2007 |
| 7185684 | Apparatus for dispensing propane gas A mobile fill station for filling propane cylinders by weight and volume. There can be up to three cabinets in the system wherein any one of the cabinets can have a beam scale with a hydraulic automatic stop device to stop filling automatically as the total weight o... | 03/06/2007 |
| 7171814 | Method and apparatus for carbon dioxide accelerated unit cooldown A system and a method of its use for the accelerated cooldown of at least one unit by injecting liquid carbon dioxide via a sparger into a pipeline connected to the unit via an access valve upstream of the unit being cooled. By providing an evenly distributed flow i... | 02/06/2007 |
| 7165408 | Method of operating a cryogenic liquid gas storage tank The present invention teaches methods of operating a pressurized cryogenic liquid gas storage tank that has a vent cooling shield around which fuel vented from a storage tank flows to cool the storage tank by reducing the influence of heat influx into the storage ta... | 01/23/2007 |
| 7162880 | Cooling apparatus, systems and methods The present invention is directed toward a method, apparatus and system for cooling goods, such as, for example, agricultural products, in a substantially sealed chamber. A method of the invention includes placing goods on a surface; forming a chamber over the goods... | 01/16/2007 |
| 7155918 | System for processing and transporting compressed natural gas A system for processing and transporting compressed natural gas having a separator for separating the pressurized high-energy content gas into saturated gas and liquids; a decontamination unit for removing impurities from the saturated gas to create a decontaminated... | 01/02/2007 |
| 7150299 | Assembly and method for containing, receiving and storing fluids and for dispensing gas from a fluid control and gas delivery assembly having an integrated fluid flow restrictor A fluid control and gas delivery assembly and method for containing, receiving and storing hazardous fluids and for dispensing gas comprising a container, a fluid fill path, a gas dispensing path, a first shut-off valve, a pressure reducer, a fluid flow restrictor, ... | 12/19/2006 |
| 7140260 | Gas flow measuring device and gas flow measuring method The present invention realizes (i) a gas flow measuring device which can measure a gas flow of a low-boiling gas in a mixed gas including two types of gasses having different boiling points, and (ii) a method of measuring a gas flow easily but highly precisely, usin... | 11/28/2006 |
| 7140954 | High pressure cleaning and decontamination system Abrasive cleaning and decontamination methods and systems are disclosed. The methods and systems use a high pressure liquefied gas, such as carbon dioxide, which produces insignificant quantities of secondary waste. These principles of the invention exploit the prop... | 11/28/2006 |
| 7131278 | Tank cooling system and method for cryogenic liquids A system and method to transfer a cryogenic liquid from a station tank system to a recipient tank is provided. At least a part of said cryogenic liquid is stored at a first pressure higher than the pressure in said recipient tank and is cooled to a temperature below... | 11/07/2006 |
| 7131277 | Cryogenic vessel with an ullage space venturi assembly A cryogenic vessel includes a first, outer vessel assembly having an outer vessel and a liquid fill line assembly and a second, ullage space vessel having a bottom and disposed within the first, outer vessel, adjacent to the top of the first, outer vessel. The liqui... | 11/07/2006 |
| 7114342 | Pressure management system for liquefied natural gas vehicle fuel tanks A storage and delivery device for a cryogenic liquid that includes a vessel assembly and a delivery line assembly. The vessel assembly has a liquid space and a vapor space. The delivery line assembly has a liquid line, a vapor line, and a delivery line. The liquid l... | 10/03/2006 |
| 7086237 | Method and apparatus to measure and transfer liquefied refrigerant in a refrigeration system A method, system and apparatus for transferring a measured level of liquefied refrigerant to a refrigeration system includes the steps of purging a calibration container; filling the calibration container with liquefied refrigerant from a liquefied refrigerant suppl... | 08/08/2006 |
| 7073339 | Pressure control device for cryogenic liquid vessel An economizer circuit assembly for a cryogenic liquid vessel assembly is disclosed. The cryogenic liquid vessel assembly includes a first, outer shell and a second, inner shell defining a storage space. The storage space has a liquid space and a vapor space. The cry... | 07/11/2006 |
| 7069730 | Liquid and compressed natural gas dispensing system A system dispenses both liquid natural gas (LNG) and compressed natural gas (CNG). A bulk tank contains a supply of LNG which is pumped to a smaller storage tank. After the storage tank is refilled, LNG from the bulk tank is pumped to a vaporizer so that CNG is prod... | 07/04/2006 |
| 7065974 | Method and apparatus for pressurizing a gas A gas pressurization system comprising a gas inlet valve configured to receive an inlet gas stream. A clean-up system is coupled to the gas inlet valve. A recovery heat exchanger coupled to the clean-up system. The recovery heat exchanger is configured to remove the... | 06/27/2006 |
