"Rail travel at high speeds is not possible because passengers, unable to breathe, would die of asphyxia."
Dionysius Lardner, Professor of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy at University College, London ; 1830
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7322935 | Endoscopic retractor An endoscopic retractor includes a tube having a proximal end and a distal end with a push rod extending therethrough. The proximal ends of the push rod is provided with a threaded portion. A rotatable handle is coupled to the proximal end of the tube and threadably... | 01/29/2008 |
| 7229408 | Low profile surgical retractor A compact, low-profile surgical retractor (100) avoids the need for a bulky frame. The retractor includes retractor blade components (110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160) joined pivotally. A cable (170) is guided by each retractor blade component. A wi... | 06/12/2007 |
| 7182729 | Surgical retractor with removable scissor arms A retractor having interchangeable or replaceable blades facilitates the expansion of a surgical site below an incision in the skin, and establishes a work-through surgical space. The retractor includes a frame connected to two collar arms, a pair of blades connecte... | 02/27/2007 |
| 7008432 | Device for distracting or compressing bones on bone fragments The invention relates to a device for exerting axial forces on bone fragments or vertebral bodies. The inventive device comprises a first connecting element, a second longitudinal connecting element which is displaceable relative to the first connecting element and ... | 03/07/2006 |
| 6932765 | Apparatus for retaining otherwise hand-held retractors A retractor retaining device retains an otherwise handheld retractor in the retraction position. The device includes a flexible loop that is detachably attached to a retractor support proximate the surgical wound with the loop engaging a proximal end or handle of th... | 08/23/2005 |
| 6705989 | Retractor for use in endoscopic surgery and medical instrument for introducing a retractor and method for the use of a retractor in endoscopic surgery The invention relates to a retractor for use in endoscopic surgery, comprising a shaft having a hand piece arranged on the proximal end thereof and whose distal end can be moved out of an initially extended and straight position, whereby the adjustable distal end co... | 03/16/2004 |
| 5904649 | Organ retractors An improved organ retractor includes an elongate handle and a rigid stem extending from one end of the elongate handle. A hollow sleeve is positioned around the stem and is axially slidable along the stem from a retracted position partly inside of said ha... | 05/18/1999 |
| 5755661 | Planar abdominal wall retractor for laparoscopic surgery Abdominal wall retractors is made of a plurality of extension arms to define a plane when expanded. The device is inserted through a small opening in the patient's abdomen, after which it is expanded by manipulation upon the portion remaining exterior to ... | 05/26/1998 |
| 5613939 | Abdominal wall lift employing interconnecting bar members Abdominal wall lift devices and methods are disclosed that extend a lift device through an opening in the abdominal wall in an entry configuration and subsequently transform the device to a deployed configuration within the abdominal cavity. One embodimen... | 03/25/1997 |
| 5580344 | Incision converter & method of using the same A guide for a cannula extending through a tissue and into a cavity in which a surgical procedure is to be performed. The guide has first and second plates cooperatively defining a through passageway for a cannula. Structure connects between the first and ... | 12/03/1996 |
| 5501653 | Abdominal wall lifting retractor with hinged cross-member A method and apparatus for creating a surgical work space by lifting the abdominal wall and retracting abdominal organs during surgery utilizes a pair of lifting rods each hinged at their distal ends to opposite ends of an elongate cross-member. One of th... | 03/26/1996 |
| 5449374 | Tissue spreading forceps A tissue spreading forceps for gripping and spreading tissue include two gripping members which are secured to each other by a spring and are rotatable in relation to each other about a pivot. Initial pressure to the spring causes the gripping members to ... | 09/12/1995 |
| 5293863 | Bladed endoscopic retractor A retractor is provided for use during endoscopic surgery. Bladed instruments located inside the patient's body at an insertion end of the retractor are manipulated by controls located outside the body at a control end. In three embodiments, the retractor... | 03/15/1994 |
| 5235966 | Endoscopic retractor The invention relates to an endoscopic retractor suitable for use in laporoscopic surgery to retract, separate, and expose different tissues, organs and viscera, in manner similar to conventional open surgery retractors.... | 08/17/1993 |
| 5183033 | Surgical instrument assembly and apparatus and surgical method A method for use in laparascopic surgery comprises the steps of (a) piercing an abdominal skin surface of a patient to form a hole in the skin surface, (b) inserting through the hole a tensile member, (c) lifting the abdominal wall of the patient away fro... | 02/02/1993 |
| 4239036 | Surgical retractor A surgical retractor wherein a plurality of segments are strung together on a strand which may be tensioned; the segments are separated from each other by spacers also strung on the strand; the mating surfaces of the segments are concave and the interveni... | 12/16/1980 |