"Rail travel at high speeds is not possible because passengers, unable to breathe, would die of asphyxia."
Dionysius Lardner, Professor of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy at University College, London ; 1830
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8178730 | Processes related to the hydroformylation of butenes Mixed butene streams containing butene-1 and isobutylene and optionally butene-2 are hydroformylated under conditions that hydroformylates all the monomers to yield a mixture of valeraldehydes. ... | 05/15/2012 |
| 8110709 | Stabilization of hydroformylation catalysts based on phosphoramide ligands The present invention relates to a process for the hydroformylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalytically active fluid which comprises a dissolved metal complex of a metal of transitio... | 02/07/2012 |
| 8053605 | Phosphorus-containing catalyst composition and hydroformylation process using the same The present invention relates to a catalyst composition that includes a triphenylphosphine ligand, a monodentate phosphine ligand, a monodentate phosphine oxide ligand, and a transition metal catalyst, and a hydroformylation process using the same. In the hydroformy... | 11/08/2011 |
| 8049043 | Processes related to the hydroformylation of butenes Mixed butene streams containing butene-1 and isobutylene and optionally butene-2 are hydroformylated under conditions that hydroformylates all the monomers to yield a mixture of valeraldehydes. ... | 11/01/2011 |
| 8022256 | Hydroformylation of butenes comprising isobutylene Mixed butene streams containing butene-1 and isobutylene and optionally butene-2 are hydroformylated under conditions that hydroformylates all the monomers to yield a mixture of valeraldehydes. Higher temperatures and/or longer residence times and/or higher partial ... | 09/20/2011 |
| 8017810 | Hydroformulation process A hydroformylation process for the production of alcohols comprising reacting, in a reactor system comprising one or more feed streams, a reaction environment and an output stream, a feedstock composition comprising a compound having at least one olefinic carbon-to-... | 09/13/2011 |
| 8017811 | Hydroformylation process A hydroformylation process for the production of alcohols comprising reacting, in a reactor system comprising one or more feed streams, a reaction environment and an output stream, a feedstock composition comprising a compound having at least one olefinic carbon-to-... | 09/13/2011 |
| 7943801 | Catalyst composition including phosphite ligands and hydroformylation method using the same The present invention relates to a catalyst composition that includes a bis-phosphite ligand, a poly-phosphite ligand or a mono-phosphite ligand, and a transition metal catalyst, and a hydroformylation reaction using the same. The catalyst composition has the excell... | 05/17/2011 |
| 7935851 | Isobutylene High purity isobutylene streams are obtained by the hydroformylation of mixed butene streams containing butene-1 and isobutylene (and optionally butene-2) under conditions that hydroformylate primarily butene-1 to yield a mixture of valeraldehyde and isobutylene, wh... | 05/03/2011 |
| 7928267 | Phosphite containing catalysts for hydroformylation processes Novel trivalent organophosphite ligands having the structure of general formula (I): wherein R is an alkyl or aryl group containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms; Ar1 and Ar2 are aryl groups containing 4 to 30 ... | 04/19/2011 |
| 7906688 | Calixarene bisphosphite ligand for use in hydroformylation processes A calixarene bisphosphite composition for use as a ligand in a transition metal-ligand complex catalyst and in a complex catalyst precursor. The ligand is especially useful in catalysts and catalyst precursors for hydroformylation processes wherein a raffinate strea... | 03/15/2011 |
| 7863487 | Hydroformylation process with improved control over product isomers A continuous hydroformylation process for producing a mixture of aldehydes with improved flexibility and stability of a normal/branched (N/I) isomer ratio of the product aldehydes. The process involves reacting one or more olefinically-unsaturated compounds with car... | 01/04/2011 |
| 7790932 | Hydroformylation process A catalyst, useful for the hydroformylation of allyl alcohol, is described. The catalyst comprises a rhodium complex and a 6-bis(3,5-dialkylphenyl)phosphino-N-pivaloyl-2-aminopyridine or a 3-bis(3,5-dialkylphenyl)phosphino-2H-isoquinolin-1-one. The invention also in... | 09/07/2010 |
| 7781621 | Hydroformylation method involving a cobalt-based catalyst in a non-aqueous ionic liquid In a method for hydroformylating olefinically unsaturated compounds by means of a cobalt-based catalyst, used in a non-aqueous ionic liquid, liquid at a temperature below 100° C. and comprising at least one cation Q+ and at least one anion A− | 08/24/2010 |
| 7767864 | Process for the hydroformylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds The present invention provides a process for the hydroformylation of ethylenically unsaturated compounds, which process comprises reacting said ethylenically unsaturated compound with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, in the presence of a catalyst system and a solvent, ... | 08/03/2010 |
| 7745666 | Method for producing aldehyde using bisphosphite and group 8-10 metal compound, and such bisphosphite A bisphosphite represented by the general formula (I): General Formula (I) (in the formula, A represents an alkylene group which may have a substituent, a cycloalkylene group which may have a substituent, a phenylene... | 06/29/2010 |
| 7663002 | Hydroformylation process and product separation with improved recovery of rhodium A non-aqueous hydroformylation process with liquid catalyst recycle involving a hydroformylation step and one or more stages of phase separation to recover a high molecular weight aldehyde product with efficient recovery of rhodium catalyst. The process includes a h... | 02/16/2010 |
| 7612241 | Hydroformylation process A process for the production of 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde is described. The process comprises reacting allyl alcohol with a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst system comprising a rhodium complex and a substituted or unsu... | 11/03/2009 |
| 7586010 | Phosphonite-containing catalysts for hydroformylation processes Disclosed are catalyst solutions for preparing aldehydes with variable normal- to iso-aldehyde ratios comprising one or more phosphonite ligands, rhodium, and a hydroformylation solvent. Also disclosed is a process for preparing aldehydes with variable normal- to is... | 09/08/2009 |
| 7495134 | Carbonylation method by adding secondary sterically hindered amines The invention relates to a process for reaction of a carbonylatable compound using a metal complex catalyst comprising a metal of transition group VIII and an organophosphorus ligand and in the presence of a stabilizer based on a sterically hindered secondary amine.... | 02/24/2009 |
| 7442842 | Method for asymmetric synthesis The present invention relates to a process for asymmetric synthesis in the presence of a chiral catalyst comprising at least one complex of a metal of transition group VIII with ligands capable of dimerization via noncovalent bonds, such catalysts and their use.... | 10/28/2008 |
| 7432403 | Cyclic palladium compounds having coordinated thereto bis (diphenylphosphine) ferrocene ligands which inhibit the activity of proteins and enzymes and treatment of diseases and disorders associated therewith The invention relates to cyclopalladated compounds containing bis-diphenyiphosphine-ferrocene ligands and their analogues which are active inhibitors of proteins and enzymes, for example, those of the serine peptidase, cysteine-protease, metalo-protease and endopept... | 10/07/2008 |
| 7425656 | Phosphorus-containing catalyst composition and process for hydroformylation reaction using the same Provided are a catalyst composition including a transition metal catalyst and a nitrogen-containing bidentate phosphorus compound and a process for hydroformylation reaction of olefins to prepare aldehydes which includes stirring the catalyst composition, an olefin ... | 09/16/2008 |
| 7420093 | Process for the preparation of glycolaldehyde Disclosed are processes for the preparation of glycolaldehyde in which formaldehyde is contacted with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a rhodium catalyst and a solvent containing at least one N,N-dihexylbutyramide. The glycolaldehyde product is recove... | 09/02/2008 |
| 7420092 | Process for producing aldehyde A process by which a hydroformylation reaction can be efficiently conducted without lowering the yield of an aldehyde in the reaction is provided. A process for producing an aldehyde which includes subjecting an olefin to a hydroformylation reaction with carbon mono... | 09/02/2008 |
| 7405329 | Hydroformylation The gas cycle in a high pressure hydroformylation reaction using a series of at least two reactors is controlled to optimise yield, conversion and selectivity and to control reaction temperature. The control is achieved through balancing fresh gases and recycle gase... | 07/29/2008 |
| 7371705 | Phospha-adamantane(s) catalytic system A catalyst system capable of catalysing the carbonylation of an olefinally unsaturated compound is described. The 5 catalyst system is obtainable by combining: (a) a metal of Group VIB or Group VIII B or a compound thereof; and (b) a bidentate phosphine of general f... | 05/13/2008 |
| 7365234 | Tuning product selectivity in catalytic hydroformylation reactions with carbon dioxide expanded liquids An improved hydroformylation process is provided, which comprises reacting an olefin with CO and H2 in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst in a liquid that has been volumetrically expanded with a compressed gas, such as supercritical carbon dioxid... | 04/29/2008 |
| 7351868 | Minimization of ligand degradation products, of reversion of same to useful phosphine ligands A process for the minimization of phosphonium ion ligand degradation products formed during reaction of a polyunsaturated olefin or an unconjugated functionalized olefin in the presence of a transition metal-triorganophosphine ligand complex catalyst to form as a pr... | 04/01/2008 |
| 7335800 | Hydrogenation catalyst and hydrogenation method The present invention provides a hydrogenation catalyst effective for hydrogenating 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde to 1,3-propanediol. The hydrogenation catalyst comprises an α-alumina support, nickel, ruthenium, and a promoter. The nickel is deposited on the α-alumina ... | 02/26/2008 |
| 7329785 | Process for the production of 1,3-propanediol by catalytic hydrogenation of 3-hydroxypropanal in the presence of a hydration co-catalyst A process for preparing 1,3-propanediol comprising the steps of: (a) preparing an aqueous mixture of 3-hydroxypropanal, (b) passing said aqueous 3-hydroxypropanal mixture to a hydrogenation zone wherein the hydrogenation zone is comprised of at least two stages wher... | 02/12/2008 |
| 7329783 | Hydroformylation process A hydroformylation process comprising reacting a feedstock composition comprising a compound having at least one olefinic carbon-to-carbon bond with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of an organophosphine modified cobalt hydroformylation catalyst, wherein... | 02/12/2008 |
| 7317130 | Method for the hydroformylation of olefinically unsaturated compounds, especially olefins, in the presence of cyclic carbonic acid esters The present invention relates to a process for preparing aldehydes by hydroformylation of olefinically unsaturated compounds catalyzed by metals of groups 8 to 10 of the Periodic Table of the Elements in the presence of cyclic carbonic esters and ligands which conta... | 01/08/2008 |
| 7301054 | Process for the preparation of glycolaldehyde Disclosed are catalyst solutions for the hydroformylation of formaldehyde comprising one or more fluorophosphite compounds, rhodium and a hydroformylation solvent comprising at least one N,N-disubstituted amide, N-substituted cyclic amide, or a mixture thereof. Also... | 11/27/2007 |
| 7294745 | Process for preparing aldol derivatives from alkenes using catalyst The present invention provides a novel eco-friendly multi-functional catalyst system useful to obtain C2(n+1) aldol-derivative from Cn-alkenes where n ranges from 2 to 10 in a single step under hydroformylation reaction conditions and adol form... | 11/13/2007 |
| 7294602 | Hydroformylation process A process for the production of 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde is described. The process comprises reacting allyl alcohol with a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst system comprising a rhodium complex and a trans-1,2-bis(bis(3... | 11/13/2007 |
| 7294729 | Bis-chelating ligand and use thereof in carbonylation processes A novel bis-chelating composition characterized by formula I: wherein M is a Group VB element; R1 and R2 are each independently selected from hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbyl radicals; or R1 and R2 are bonded together to form a diradical; or one of R1 or R2 is hy... | 11/13/2007 |
| 7279606 | Hydroformylation process A process for the production of 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde is described. The process comprises reacting allyl alcohol with a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst system comprising a rhodium complex and a trans-1,2-bis(bis(3... | 10/09/2007 |
| 7276634 | Reduction of the viscosity of reactive heavy byproducts during the production of 1,3-propanediol The present invention is an improvement upon the process for the production of 1,3-propanediol wherein an aqueous solution of 3-hydroxy propanal is formed, catalyst, if any, used in said formation is removed from the solution, sodium hydroxide is added to the soluti... | 10/02/2007 |
| 7271295 | Hydroformylation process A process for the production of 4-hydroxybutyraldehyde is described. The process comprises reacting allyl alcohol with a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst system comprising a rhodium complex and a 2,3-O-isopropyliden... | 09/18/2007 |