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...Daniel Webster invented a "bull plow" to pull out tree stumps. It didn't catch on because it was huge and required four oxen to pull it!
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7272894 | Drum dryer A drum dryer provided with a liquid splash and scatter preventing equipment, which enables continuous operation by preventing a scattering liquid from making dry powder in the case in which the equipment is provided above a neighborhood of a liquid concentration sec... | 09/25/2007 |
| 7094922 | Process for production of essentially chloride-free calcium sulfonate The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a low-base number calcium sulfonate that is essentially chloride free. The process involves preparing a sulfonic acid solution by adding a solvent to a sulfonic acid, optionally removing dissolved or entraine... | 08/22/2006 |
| 5322556 | Process for preparing a sulfonated dispersant from petroleum asphalt fractions A process for preparing a sulfonated dispersant from a petroleum asphalt fraction, comprising: establishing contact between the asphalt fraction dissolved in an inert solvent and liquid or gaseous sulfur trioxide at a temperature equal to or less than 60Â... | 06/21/1994 |
| 5233081 | Method for sulfonation using porous absorber material A method for preparing a sulfonated compound with minimal or no waste products using a porous inorganic material absorber. The absorber is saturated with a compound to be sulfonated and then contacted with a sulfonating gas mixture to form a sulfonated pr... | 08/03/1993 |
| 5162555 | Process and apparatus for preparing a solution of a non-ferrous metal sulphonate The invention relates to a process for preparing a solution of a non-ferrous metal sulphonate by reacting a non-ferrous metal with a sulphonic acid, the non-ferrous metal being brought into contact with a sulphonic acid at a temperature of from 20° to 12... | 11/10/1992 |
| 5055610 | Process for the separation of sulphuric acid from aqueous mixtures thereof with paraffin-sulphonic acids The mixture from which sulphuric acid must be separated according to the present invention are those which derive from the sulphoxidation of (C12 -C8)-n-paraffins with SO2 and O2 in the presence of water and of ... | 10/08/1991 |
| 5047580 | Process for the separation of sulfuric acid from aqueous mixtures of paraffin-sulfonic acids The purpose of the process of the present invention is to remove excess sulfuric acid from a mixture of paraffin-sulfonic acids free or substantially free, from paraffins. In order to remove said sulfuric acid, according to the process of the present inve... | 09/10/1991 |
| 4847018 | Process for producing petroleum sulfonates A petroleum sulfonate is prepared by (a) separately sulfonating each of two or more different petroleum fractions boiling substantially above 700° F. by contact with sulfur trioxide under reaction conditions wherein the ratio of milliliters of sulfur tri... | 07/11/1989 |
| 4808341 | Process for the separation of mercaptans contained in gas A process for the separation of mercaptans from gases, and especially from natural gas by absorption in a hydrocarbon oil and regeneration of the oil by oxidation of the mercaptans to sulfonic acids. The oxidation can be carried out at the absorption temp... | 02/28/1989 |
| 4747972 | Sulfonic acid compositions having reduced sulfur-containing contaminants Processes of reducing the inorganic sulfur-containing acid and the low equivalent weight organic sulfonic acid content of an acid mass comprising organic sulfonic components and inorganic sulfonating agent contaminants are described. In general, the proce... | 05/31/1988 |
| 4741868 | Production of sulfonated asphalt Sulfonated asphalt is produced by heating an asphaltic material, preferably having a softening point between about 315° F. and 350° F., by mixing the asphalt with a solvent, such as hexane, sulfonating the asphalt with a liquid sulfonating agent, such a... | 05/03/1988 |
| 4738804 | Manufacture of oil soluble polyvalent metal sulfonates An improved method for the direct production and recovery of oil soluble polyvalent metal sulfonates of petroleum hydrocarbons is provided wherein a hydrocarbon feed stock is sulfonated and mixed with water and a hydrocarbon solvent to form a top layer an... | 04/19/1988 |
| 4614623 | Sulfonation of crude oils with gaseous SO3 to produce petroleum sulfonates Petroleum sulfonates are obtained by continuously contacting whole crude oil or topped crude oil with gaseous sulfur trioxide (contains as a diluent sulfur dioxide and light hydrocarbon vapor) in a reaction zone operated at a temperature of 120°-250° F.... | 09/30/1986 |
| 4614597 | Recovery of oil and sulfonate from filter cake A process for recovering oil containing dissolved alkaline earth metal sulfonate from siliceous filter cakes containing such oils by mixing the filter cake with sufficient 0.5 to 16N sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid to bring the pH of the mixture to a lev... | 09/30/1986 |
| 4579690 | Process for the deoiling of olefin sulfonates An improved process for the solvent extraction of free oil from C8 to C24 olefin sulfonation products, which comprises steps for contacting an olefin sulfonation product containing free oil with an alkane-based extraction solvent and... | 04/01/1986 |
| 4560517 | Sulfonation of crude oils with gaseous SO3 to produce petroleum sulfonates Petroleum sulfonates are obtained by continuously contacting whole crude oil or topped crude oil with gaseous sulfur trioxide (contains as a diluent sulfur dioxide and light hydrocarbon vapor) in a reaction zone operated at a temperature of 120°-250° F.... | 12/24/1985 |
| 4557872 | Basic alkaline earth metal sulphonates Oil soluble basic magnesium sulphonates useful as lubricating oil additives are prepared by blowing carbon dioxide through a mixture of sulphonic acid or its sulphonate, magnesium oxide, a hydrocarbon solvent, water, a C3 to C6 keton... | 12/10/1985 |
| 4541937 | Surfactant flooding solutions with sulfonated creosote A surfactant flooding system for enhanced oil recovery is disclosed which comprises sulfonated creosote oil, as well as a surfactant and solubilizer. The use of sulfonated creosote oil substantially lowers the viscosity of the surfactant system as well as... | 09/17/1985 |
| 4456564 | Recovery of petroleum sulfonate salt Deoiled monosulfonated oil salt is recovered from mass containing it together with unsulfonated oil, polysulfonated oil salt, and some mineral matter by diluting the mass with an aqueous-alcoholic solution, removing with a suitable solvent, an extract con... | 06/26/1984 |
| 4440650 | Process for enhancing recovery of oil from oil-bearing earth formations A process for increasing recovery of oil from oil-bearing earth formations wherein H2 S from sour wellhead gas is oxidized to SO3 which in turn is reacted with a petroleum hydrocarbon mixture to produce a petroleum sulfonate. The pet... | 04/03/1984 |
| 4424169 | Preparation of surfactants Surfactants, or surface active agents, may be prepared by treating oil shale with an aromatic compound such as benzene, toluene, etc. in the presence of a Friedel Crafts catalyst such as aluminum chloride at temperatures up to the reflux temperature of th... | 01/03/1984 |
| 4404110 | Ozonation of petroleum feedstocks A process for the sulfonation of a hydrocarbon feedstock, particularly one containing naphthenes, is improved by ozonating the hydrocarbon feedstock prior to sulfonation. The ozonation results in a greater conversion of the sulfur trioxide to sulfonate, a... | 09/13/1983 |
| 4390474 | Sulfonation petroleum composition A technique for sulfonating petroleum oil feed stocks which materially increases the extent of reaction between the sulfonatable components present in the feed stock and sulfur trioxide, and yields an improved sulfonated product. The invention provides a ... | 06/28/1983 |
| 4382895 | Preparation of alkyl sulfonates A process for the production of petroleum sulfonates from lubricating oil extract fractions wherein a primary extract-solvent mixture, preferably substantially free from water, is cooled to a temperature at least 25° C. below the extraction temperature t... | 05/10/1983 |
| 4361520 | Refinement of sulfonated hydrocarbons In a process for the production of sulfonated hydrocarbon from a petroleum feedstock, e.g., crude oil or gas oil, enhanced separation of unreacted free hydrocarbon from the sulfonate product is obtained by two separations. The acidic product obtained from... | 11/30/1982 |
| 4321216 | Polar-nonpolar solvent system for deoiling hydrocarbon sulfonates Hydrocarbon sulfonates, e.g., petroleum sulfonates, are separated from unsulfonated hydrocarbon e.g., petroleum hydrocarbon oil, by employing a mixture or solvent system comprising an immiscible polar and a nonpolar component. Preferably the immiscible po... | 03/23/1982 |
| 4321215 | Process for extraction and neutralization of hydrocarbon sulfonic acids A method for producing ammonium hydrocarbon sulfonate which comprises (1) contacting a sulfonation liquor comprising a hydrocarbon sulfonic acid, unreacted hydrocarbon, and SO3 with an alcoholic extraction medium in which the unreacted hydrocar... | 03/23/1982 |
| 4290973 | Process for manufacturing petroleum sulfonates and the resultant products Petroleum sulfonates are manufactured by reacting a hydrocarbon stock with a sulfonating agent and neutralizing the sulfonation product. The hydrocarbon stock is pretreated with hydrogen, in the presence of a NiW or NiMo catalyst, under specified conditio... | 09/22/1981 |
| 4277351 | Method for improving sulfonate surfactants used in enhanced recovery processing in subterranean oil-bearing formations A method is disclosed for reducing formation plugging impurities in a sulfonate surfactant used in enhanced oil recovery operations which comprises contacting said surfactant with an effective amount of an aldehyde having from 1 to about 18 carbon atoms. ... | 07/07/1981 |
| 4269789 | Petroleum sulfonation By contacting the petroleum sulfonate-containing reaction mixture of a sulfonation reaction with a lower alkane, a lower alkanol and water a more efficient separation of unreacted oil and petroleum sulfonate is possible.... | 05/26/1981 |
| 4267119 | Sulfonating method An organic reactant is sulfonated by injecting it into a stream of gas comprising sulfur trioxide, at a venturi, and the resulting reaction mixture is quenched with a stream of cooled, recycled reaction product immediately downstream of the venturi in a c... | 05/12/1981 |
| 4251456 | Method for treating effluent gas from sulfonation process A relatively large amount of SO2 effluent gas from a sulfonation process is converted to SO3 and recycled back to the sulfonation process as part of the SO3 sulfonating agent. The rest of the SO3 used as the sul... | 02/17/1981 |
| 4240978 | Process for sulfonation of gas oils A process for the production of oil-soluble sulfonates from a gas oil such as a vacuum gas oil. Water-soluble sulfonic acids are separated from the effluent of the sulfonation zone, and the remainder of the effluent is then passed through a saponification... | 12/23/1980 |
| 4226805 | Sulfonation of oils Aromatic petroleum oils are diluted with a sulfonic acid to reduce agglomeration of intractable sludge during simple sulfonation with sulfur trioxide at substantially atmospheric pressure.... | 10/07/1980 |
| 4225509 | Process for producing overbased alkaline earth hydrocarbyl sulfonates Overbased alkaline earth metal hydrocarbyl sulfonates are made by injecting carbon dioxide into a mixture of hydrocarbon sulfonic acid, alkaline earth metal base and lower alkanol. Solids are removed using a centrifuge or filter forming a cake of such sol... | 09/30/1980 |
| 4185030 | Sulfonating method An organic reactant is sulfonated by injecting it into a stream of gas comprising sulfur trioxide, at a venturi, and the resulting reaction mixture is quenched with a stream of cooled, recycled reaction product immediately downstream of the venturi in a c... | 01/22/1980 |
| 4177207 | Petroleum sulfonates Petroleum sulfonates yielding improved results in enhanced oil recovery processes are comprised of a reaction product obtained from a mixture of a major proportion of a petroleum oil feed stock, such as a crude or a portion thereof, and a minor proportion... | 12/04/1979 |
| 4164474 | Process for producing metal salts of oil-soluble organosulfonic acids An improved process for producing metal salts of organosulfonic acids comprises reacting the sulfonic acid with a slight excess of the corresponding metal carbonate until the carbonate/acid equilibrium point is reached, i.e., the pH of a substantially car... | 08/14/1979 |
| 4148821 | Process for sulfonation A technique for sulfonating petroleum oil feed stocks which materially increases the extent of reaction between the sulfonatable components present in the feed stock and sulfur trioxide, and yields an improved sulfonated product. The invention provides a ... | 04/10/1979 |
| 4147638 | Sulfonation of crude oils to produce petroleum sulfonates Petroleum sulfonates are obtained by treating whole crude oil or topped crude oil or mixtures thereof with sulfur trioxide, removing unreacted hydrocarbon, e.g., by addition of water, and neutralizing the sulfonic acids formed with a base, e.g., sodium or... | 04/03/1979 |
