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3M employee and church chorister Art Fry needed something to temporarily mark pages in his hymnal. He was in luck because his colleague, Spencer Silver, accidentally developed a glue that was too weak for other purposes. After initially discouraging consumer response, Post-it Notes became a hit in 1979.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7387888 | Coronamycins The present invention relates to isolated strains of a Streptomyces spp. which are endophytes of dicotyledonous plants and to methods for selecting such strains. The present invention also relates to a biologically active compound called coronamycin obtained ... | 06/17/2008 |
| 7332342 | Method of judging suitability of raw barley for feedstock for malt production according to staining technique An object of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the physical strength of husks of a barley ingredient for malt manufacture. Barley kernels with husks are disposed in a sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of approximately 40% to 60%, ... | 02/19/2008 |
| 7294498 | Glycosidase enzymes A thermostable glycosidase enzymes derived from various Thermococcus, Staphylothermus and Pyrococcus organisms is disclosed. The enzymes are produced from native or recombinant host cells and can be utilized in the food processing industry, pharmaceuti... | 11/13/2007 |
| 7183074 | Gas dual-dynamic solid state fermentation technique and apparatus The gas dual-dynamic solid state fermentation technique consists of placing the solid materials to be fermented in an air environment with pulsating pressure and cyclic flow to carry out fermentation, the fermentation apparatus comprises a horizontal cylindrical tan... | 02/27/2007 |
| 7148054 | Evolution of whole cells and organisms by recursive sequence recombination The invention provides methods employing iterative cycles of recombination and selection/screening for evolution of whole cells and organisms toward acquisition of desired properties Examples of such properties include enhanced recombinogenicity, genome copy number,... | 12/12/2006 |
| 7129090 | Method of judging suitability of raw barley for feedstock for malt production according to staining technique An object of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the physical strength of husks of a barley ingredient for malt manufacture. Barley kernels with husks are disposed in a sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of approximately 40% to 60%, ... | 10/31/2006 |
| 7011964 | Use of an enzyme for the manufacture of an agent for controlling bacterial infection Provided is the use of a xylanane or a cellulase for the manufacture of an agent for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of bacterial infection in an animal caused by Salmonella, Campylobacter or Clostridium perfringens. It is preferred that xylan... | 03/14/2006 |
| 6428767 | Method for identifying the source of carbon in 1,3-propanediol A new polypropylene terephthalate composition is provided. The polypropylene terephthalate is comprised of 1,3-propanediol and terephthalate. The 1,3-propanediol is produced by the bioconversion of a fermentatble carbon source, preferable glucose. The res... | 08/06/2002 |
| 6426201 | ଲ-glucan products and extraction processes from cereals A process for obtaining ଲ-glucan from cereal by extracting with water and without deactivation of enzymes associated with the cereal. A process for controlling the average molecular weight of ଲ-glucan extracted from cereal by controlling the e... | 07/30/2002 |
| 6372269 | Compositions for producing fermented malt beverages The present invention is directed to a method for stabilizing the flavor of a fermented malt beverage, most particularly a beer, by the addition of one or more inhibitors, blockers, reducing agents or binding agents that inactivate one or more Maillard re... | 04/16/2002 |
| 6326184 | Method of producing a composite fermented beverage using genetically modified yeast strains Method of preparing a composite yeast fermented beverage such as beer including lager, with predetermined content of flavour compounds, comprising combining separate batches of beverage, of which at least one is a base beverage produced with a yeast strai... | 12/04/2001 |
| 6183982 | Fermentation bung device and method A fermentation device and a method for making a substance using the device are provided. The fermentation bung may have an outer plug that includes a central inner annular hole and a one or more holes surrounding the central hole, the outer plug fitting w... | 02/06/2001 |
| 6071729 | Disruption of the cytochrome C gene in xylose-fermenting yeast Disclosed is a xylose-fermenting mutant yeast strain exhibiting reduced expression of cytochrome c and enhanced fermentation of xylose relative to xylose-fermenting yeast strains in which cytochrome c is fully functional. Also disclosed is a method of pro... | 06/06/2000 |
| 6066484 | Purine nucleosidase Novel purine nucleosidase derived from Ochrobactrum anthropi microorganisms, a gene system coding therefor, uses therefor and particularly its use in the production of beer.... | 05/23/2000 |
| 6013288 | Process for manufacturing beer A process for manufacturing beer having a reduced content of purine compounds by using wort having a reduced content of purine nucleosides as a result of decomposing purine nucleosides into purine bases by using nucleoside phosphorylase or nucleosidase, o... | 01/11/2000 |
| 5833977 | Method of improving the quality of plant seeds using lactic acid producing micro-organisms The invention relates to a method for improving the quality of the seeds of a plant by treating the plant, such as a cereal to be used in malting, with a lactic acid bacterial preparation. The treatment is performed in the field or under field conditions ... | 11/10/1998 |
| 5648246 | Process for the continuous preparation of wort This invention relates to a process for the continuous preparation of wort, including the continuous enzymatic conversion of malt in one rotating disc contactor and separation of spent grain from mash in a separation unit. Further, a process for the conti... | 07/15/1997 |
| 5545543 | Process for the continuous production of ethanol from cereals Ethanol is continuously produced by cooking and acidifying milled cereal to produce a slurry of acidified and liquified product containing non-fermentable dextrins, screening the slurry with a stationary screen at approximately 70°-85° C. to obtain an o... | 08/13/1996 |
| 5536650 | Process for the continuous preparation of wort This invention relates to a process for the continuous preparation of wort, comprising the continuous enzymatic conversion of malt in at least one rotating disc contactor and separation of spent grain from mash in a separation unit, as well as a process f... | 07/16/1996 |
| 5470725 | Thermostable (1,3-1,4)-ଲ-glucanase Novel hybrid thermostable (1,3-1,4)-ଲ-glucanases, their use in food manufacturing and feed manufacturing, DNA fragments encoding such glucanases, organisms expressing the DNA fragments and a method for producing the thermostable (1,3-1,4)-ଲ-gl... | 11/28/1995 |
| 5468491 | Method for producing oat extract Method of producing oat extract from rolled oats and oat flour by performing a series of mixing, cooking, filtering and concentrating steps. The method comprises the steps of mixing rolled white oats with oat flour, bacterial or fungal enzymes, and water ... | 11/21/1995 |
| 5306634 | Soluble ALDC derivative and use thereof The ALDC derivative is produced by treating ALDC in an aqueous medium with glutaraldehyde in defined proportions with optional subsequent immobilization. The ALDC derivative which is used in beer fermentation exhibits a satisfactory stability at low pH.... | 04/26/1994 |
| 5231017 | Process for producing ethanol The invention relates to a process for producing ethanol from raw materials, that contain fermentable sugars or constituents which can be converted into sugars, comprising the steps of: a-liquefaction of the raw materials in the presence of an alpha-amylase fo... | 07/27/1993 |
| 5021246 | Step mashing process for producing low alcohol beer A low alcohol reduced calorie beer is produced by a mashing technique wherein a main mash at a temperature below the activity range for beta-amylase is added incrementally to a brewing liquid at a temperature above the deactivation temperature of beta-amy... | 06/04/1991 |
| 4912030 | Viral isolates and their use in diagnosis Samples e.g. transfusion blood, are assayed for antibodies to retroviruses, e.g. AIDS virus, using an insolubilized antigen comprising retrovirus antigens bound to globulin, the globulin itself being bound to an inert solid support; and an immunoglobulin ... | 03/27/1990 |
| 4898819 | Heteropolysaccharide solutions stabilized against viscosity loss over temperature and time Aqueous saline solutions of ordered heteropolysaccharides useful, e.g., as displacement fluids in the secondary or tertiary recovery of crude oil from subterranean formations thereof, are stabilized against viscosity loss over temperature and time without... | 02/06/1990 |
| 4680180 | Low alcohol beer prepared with hydrogenated starch hydrolyzate Low alcohol beer is produced by a process wherein a portion of malt is replaced with a hydrogenated starch hydrolyzate. The hydrolyzate is preferably added before boiling of wort in the presence of hops in a amount to provide a final beer with 0.1 to 2% b... | 07/14/1987 |
| 4676986 | Schwanniomyces castellii strains and brewing process The present invention relates to amylolytic enzymes produced by strains of Schwanniomyces castellii which enzymes are relatively thermolabile under the conditions used to pasteurize beer. The present invention is also concerned with a novel strain of Schw... | 06/30/1987 |
| 4661449 | Process and installation for the preparation of a sweet wort Process for the preparation of a sweet wort from a cereal, in which previously mashed cereal flour is mixed with a hydrolyzing substance introducing enzymes to undergo a saccharification treatment. Before mashing, the cereal flour is subjected to a cookin... | 04/28/1987 |
| 4652452 | Oxalic acid removal in beer production Beer production is improved by the introduction of oxalate decarboxylase during mashing and/or fermentation. The addition of the oxalate decarboxylase diminishes or eliminates calcium oxalate precipitation as a deposit on tank walls and equipment.... | 03/24/1987 |
| 4552060 | Apparatus for the continuous boiling of wort The invention relates to apparatus for the continuous boiling of wort in which separators (5 and 6) which serve for depressurization and lowering of the temperature of the wort and for separating off the vapor are each combined into one structural unit (8... | 11/12/1985 |
| 4542683 | Brewing apparatus Brewing apparatus and a method of brewing in which mash cooking and wort boiling are carried out in a single vessel (2), the vessel having an agitator (202), a heater preferably formed as a steam jacket (220, 224) and as an external through flow heater (8... | 09/24/1985 |
| 4505941 | Lauter tuns Lauter tuns are used for the filtration of wort during brewing. In use the wort runs off through a filter bed and has to be collected. Hitherto the bottom of such tuns have been flat having a number of holes through which the wort runs. If the bottom is o... | 03/19/1985 |
| 4478854 | Method of treating plant polysaccharides Hydrolysis of plant kingdom polysaccharides by treatment with SPS-ase preparations. SPS-ase is an enzyme adapted to hydrolyzing the water-soluble protein binding polysaccharide present in soy flour decomposed by use of conventional pectinases, which polys... | 10/23/1984 |
| 4416989 | Method of continuous treatment of grain mash for producing ethanol A method of continuous treatment of grain mash for production of ethanol includes enzymatic liquefying of starch-containing particles of raw material in a liquefying container, separating not decomposed coarser particles of raw material in the container, ... | 11/22/1983 |
| 4415659 | Method for mashing starch-rich material for alcohol production This invention relates to a method for mashing starch-rich material, for example whole grain or partially crushed grain, when manufacturing alcohol. The method has a very low energy consumption, because the amount of water added to the starch-rich materia... | 11/15/1983 |
| 4414330 | Process for continuously grinding and mixing starch-containing raw materials Starch-containing raw materials for the saccharification can be ground at a higher rate and with more economy of energy by mashing the material with hot water, pre-gelatinizing it and then grinding it in the shearing field of a rotor-stator machine having... | 11/08/1983 |
| 4315380 | Method of processing seeds or cereal to accelerate natural germination The invention is concerned with a method of processing seeds or cereal to accelerate natural germination in which a bed of seeds or cereal are steeped in water which is oxygenated by circulation therethrough of a stream of oxygenated air, the temperature ... | 02/16/1982 |
| 4306023 | Production of alcohol A process of producing ethyl alcohol is disclosed in which the wort is formed by separately supplying to a fermentation tank (1) a moist particulate feed containing a component convertible to a fermentable sugar under pressure and at a temperature in exce... | 12/15/1981 |
| 4302542 | Fermentation with thermophilic mixed cultures Single cell protein (SCP) and other fermentation products are produced by aerobic fermentation processes at relatively high fermentation temperature conditions employing oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds, such as an alcohol, as carbon and energy source mat... | 11/24/1981 |
