Did You Know...
...that when IBM conducted a market study of Chester Carlson's invention in 1959, the company concluded that it would take only 5000 units of his new product to saturate the market? IBM therefore declined to be part of the new product introduction. Too bad for IBM. Carlson's invention was the xerography process, and his new product was the beginning of the Xerox Corporation. It is estimated that every day, worldwide, 3,000,000,000 copies are made!!
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7842486 | Production of a fermentation product from a composite material A method of converting a composite material derived from municipal solid waste into alcohol is provided. ... | 11/30/2010 |
| 7622285 | Ethanol production from biological wastes The invention provides methods, apparatuses, and kits for producing ethanol and other alcohols. The methods involve fermenting organic material in a fermentation mixture to a biogas comprising methane; converting at least a portion of the biogas to synthesis gas com... | 11/24/2009 |
| 7585652 | Recovery of inorganic salt during processing of lignocellulosic feedstocks A method for recovering inorganic salt during processing of a lignocellulosic feedstock is provided. The method comprises pretreating the lignocellulosic feedstock by adding an acid to the feedstock to produce a pretreated lignocellulosic feedstock. A soluble base i... | 09/08/2009 |
| 7351559 | Process for producing ethanol A process for producing ethanol including a combination of biochemical and synthetic conversions results in high yield ethanol production with concurrent production of high value coproducts. An acetic acid intermediate is produced from carbohydrates, such as corn, u... | 04/01/2008 |
| 7309592 | Ethanol production from biological wastes The invention provides methods, apparatuses, and kits for producing ethanol and other alcohols. The methods involve fermenting organic material in a fermentation mixture to a biogas comprising methane; converting at least a portion of the biogas to synthesis gas com... | 12/18/2007 |
| 7244597 | Secondary liquefaction in ethanol production The invention relates to a method of producing ethanol by fermentation, said method comprising a secondary liquefaction step in the presence of a thermostable acid alpha-amylase or, a thermostable maltogenic acid alpha-amylase. ... | 07/17/2007 |
| 7226735 | Xylose-fermenting recombinant yeast strains Disclosed are xylose-fermenting recombinant yeast strains comprising heterologous PsXYL1, Ps XYL2, and PsXYL3, as well as methods of fermenting xylose to obtain ethanol using the recombinant yeast strain. ... | 06/05/2007 |
| 7186428 | Method of oxygenating yeast slurry using hydrophobic polymer membranes Disclosed is a an economical method of efficiently oxygenating yeast slurry without bubble formation. The method employs a membrane oxygenator comprising at least one hydrophobic, microporous membrane having a gas side and a liquid side. The yeast slurry flows over ... | 03/06/2007 |
| 7109005 | Process for the simultaneous production of xylitol and ethanol Effective processes are provided for the production of xylitol and ethanol and other products from solutions derived from lignocellulose-containing material in biomass. The solutions can be hydrolyzed or partially hydrolyzed before being fermented with microbes. The... | 09/19/2006 |
| 7078201 | Ethanol fermentation using oxidation reduction potential A process to improve ethanol yield, decrease fermentation time and reduce byproduct formation by monitoring and controlling oxidation reduction potential (redox) of the fermentor is disclosed. ... | 07/18/2006 |
| 7077953 | Nanofilter system and method of use An acid recovery system used in a hydrolysis operation includes a chromatographic unit to provide initial separation of sugar and acid. The sugar product provided by the chromatographic unit is processed to produce higher value products, such as ethanol. The remaini... | 07/18/2006 |
| 7070967 | High speed, consecutive batch or continuous, low effluent process for the production of ethanol from molasses, starches, or sugars A flocculent Saccharomyces cerevisae strain (BPSC-15) produces higher yields of ethanol in fermentations of fermentable sugar or fermentable starch/enzyme. ... | 07/04/2006 |
| 6861248 | High speed, consecutive batch or continuous, low effluent process for the production of ethanol from molasses, starches, or sugars A flocculent Saccharomyces cerevisae strain (BPSC-15) produces higher yields of ethanol in fermentations of fermentable sugar or fermentable starch/enzyme. ... | 03/01/2005 |
| 6849434 | Ethanol production in recombinant hosts The subject invention concerns the transformation of Gram-positive bacteria with heterologous genes which confer upon these microbes the ability to produce ethanol as a fermentation product. Specifically exemplified is the transformation of bacteria with genes, obta... | 02/01/2005 |
| 6846657 | Process for the simultaneous production of xylitol and ethanol The invention relates to a process for the simultaneous production of xylitol and ethanol from a hydrolyzed lignocellulose-containing material starting. The starting material is fermented with a yeast strain, the ethanol produced is recovered, a chromatographic sepa... | 01/25/2005 |
| 6737258 | Process for the conversion of and aqueous biomass hydrolyzate into fuels or chemicals by the selective removal of fermentation inhibitors A process of making a fuel or chemical from a biomass hydrolyzate is provided which comprises the steps of providing a biomass hydrolyzate, adjusting the pH of the hydrolyzate, contacting a metal oxide having an affinity for guaiacyl or syringyl functional groups, o... | 05/18/2004 |
| 6518050 | Process for producing and extracting aromatic compounds The invention relates to a means for enhancing the value of distillation residues of fermentation products and in particular, a process for producing compounds of economic interest from these distillation residues of fermentation products. This production... | 02/11/2003 |
| 6365732 | Process for obtaining stereoisomers from biomass The present invention includes a process for extracting a stereoisomer fro biomass. The method comprises providing biomass and subjecting the biomass to substantially instantaneous pressurization and depressurization to separate cellulose, hemicellulose, ... | 04/02/2002 |
| 6340581 | Biological production of products from waste gases A method and apparatus are designed for converting waste gases from industrial processes such as oil refining, and carbon black, coke, ammonia, and methanol production, into useful products. The method includes introducing the waste gases into a bioreacto... | 01/22/2002 |
| 6333181 | Ethanol production from lignocellulose This invention presents a method of improving enzymatic degradation of lignocellulose, as in the production of ethanol from lignocellulosic material, through the use of ultrasonic treatment. The invention shows that ultrasonic treatment reduces cellulase ... | 12/25/2001 |
| 6251643 | Method for using a vegetable biomass and a screw press to carry out said method A process and apparatus for recovering organic and inorganic matter from waste material wherein the waste material is sterilized and solid organic matter becomes soft when subjected to heat and pressure. The process may be carried out by first, feeding th... | 06/26/2001 |
| 6136577 | Biological production of ethanol from waste gases with Clostridium ljungdahlii A method and apparatus for converting waste gases from industrial processes such as oil refining, carbon black, coke, ammonia, and methanol production, into useful products is disclosed. The method includes introducing the waste gases into a bioreactor wh... | 10/24/2000 |
| 6090595 | Pretreatment process for conversion of cellulose to fuel ethanol An improved pretreatment of cellulosic feedstocks, to enable economical ethanol production by enzyme treatment. The improved pretreatment comprises choosing either a feedstock with a ratio of arabinoxylan to total nonstarch polysaccharides (AX/NSP) of gre... | 07/18/2000 |
| 6071729 | Disruption of the cytochrome C gene in xylose-fermenting yeast Disclosed is a xylose-fermenting mutant yeast strain exhibiting reduced expression of cytochrome c and enhanced fermentation of xylose relative to xylose-fermenting yeast strains in which cytochrome c is fully functional. Also disclosed is a method of pro... | 06/06/2000 |
| 6040434 | Aldehyde oxidase inhibitors for treatment of aids A new pathway of metabolism of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) to 3'-amino-3'-deoxythymidine (AMT) has been described. This pathway involves the enzyme aldehyde oxidase. Aldehyde oxidase inhibitors may be used to reduce AMT formation during therapy with ... | 03/21/2000 |
| 6015699 | Process for the production of alcohol The subject invention relates to an improved process for the production of alcohol which obviates the drawbacks and limitations of the hitherto known process, comprises growing a yeast in a conventional growth medium, fermenting the medium containing carb... | 01/18/2000 |
| 5932456 | Production of ethanol and other fermentation products from biomass A method and apparatus for the production of ethanol and other fermentation products including citric acid, butanol and isopropanol from non-virgin biomass having deleterious materials therein is provided. The deleterious materials prevent or retard the p... | 08/03/1999 |
| 5916780 | Pretreatment process for conversion of cellulose to fuel ethanol An improved pretreatment of cellulosic feedstocks, to enable economical ethanol production by enzyme treatment. The improved pretreatment comprises choosing either a feedstock with a ratio of arabinoxylan to total nonstarch polysaccharides (AX/NSP) of gre... | 06/29/1999 |
| 5916787 | Ethanol production in gram-positive microbes The subject invention concerns the transformation of Gram-positive bacteria with heterologous genes which confer upon these microbes the ability to produce ethanol as a fermentation product. Specifically exemplified is the transformation of bacteria with ... | 06/29/1999 |
| 5882905 | Thermostable -L-arabinofuranosidase from Aureobasidium pullulans An -L-arabinofuranosidase enzyme which is highly thermostable, and is effective for the hydrolysis of arabinofuranosyl residues from L-arabinose containing polysaccharides and hemicelluloses is disclosed. The enzyme is produced by color variant Aur... | 03/16/1999 |
| 5843760 | Single zymomonas mobilis strain for xylose and arabinose fermentation This invention relates to single microorganisms which normally do not ferment pentose sugars which are genetically altered to ferment the pentose sugars, xylose and arabinose, to produce ethanol, and a fermentation process utilizing the same. Examples inc... | 12/01/1998 |
| 5837506 | Continuous process for making ethanol An improved continuous process for producing ethanol from cellulosic materials employs an intermittently agitated, perpetually fed, solids retaining reactor vessel. Cellulosic substrate, catalysts and fermentation agents are introduced into a reaction ves... | 11/17/1998 |
| 5821093 | Recombinant cells that highly express chromosomally-integrated heterologous genes Recombinant host cells are obtained that comprise (A) a heterologous, polypeptide-encoding polynucleotide segment, stably integrated into a chromosome, which is under transcriptional control of an endogenous promoter and (B) a mutation that effects increa... | 10/13/1998 |
| 5807722 | Biological production of acetic acid from waste gases with Clostridium ljungdahlii A method and apparatus for converting waste gases from industrial processes such as oil refining, carbon black, coke, ammonia, and methanol production, into useful products. The method includes introducing the waste gases into a bioreactor where they are ... | 09/15/1998 |
| 5789210 | Recombinant yeasts for effective fermentation of glucose and xylose Described are recombinant yeasts containing genes encoding xylose reductase, xylitol dehydrogenase and xylulokinase, and DNA molecules, vectors and methods useful for producing such yeasts. The recombinant yeasts effectively ferment xylose to ethanol, and... | 08/04/1998 |
| 5766895 | Method for production of ethyl alcohol The invention describes a method for the economic production of ethyl alcohol involving dehydration of the alcohol in an adsorption-desorption process using ion exchange resins which have been swollen in water from about 50 to 300 times their weight.... | 06/16/1998 |
| 5733758 | Tower reactors for bioconversion of lignocellulosic material An apparatus for enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation of pretreated lignocellulosic material, in the form of a tower bioreactor, having mixers to achieve intermittent mixing of the material. Precise mixing of the material is important for effective heat ... | 03/31/1998 |
| 5726053 | Recombinant Zymomonas for pentose fermentation The invention relates to microorganisms which normally do not ferment pentose sugar and which are genetically altered to ferment pentose sugar to produce ethanol, and fermentation processes utilizing the same. Examples include Zymomonas mobilis which has ... | 03/10/1998 |
| 5712133 | Pentose fermentation by recombinant zymomonas The invention relates to microorganisms which normally do not ferment pentose sugar and which are genetically altered to ferment pentose sugar to produce ethanol, and fermentation processes utilizing the same. Examples include Zymomonas mobilis which has ... | 01/27/1998 |
| 5705369 | Prehydrolysis of lignocellulose The invention relates to the prehydrolysis of lignocellulose by passing an acidic or alkaline solution through solid lignocellulosic particles with removal of soluble components as they are formed. The technique permits a less severe combination of pH, te... | 01/06/1998 |
