...Chester Carlson was a patent agent who tired of having to make multiple copies of patent applications using the only duplication method available at the time: carbon paper. In 1959 he came up with a new copying system and took it to IBM for evaluation. The "experts" at IBM determined potential sales to be only 5,000 units because people wouldn't want to use a bulky machine when they had carbon paper. Carlson's invention was the xerography process, the company founded on the system is Xerox.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7803587 | Method for developing culture medium using genome information and analysis A method for developing a culture medium using genome information and in silico analysis. In one implementation, the method involves developing a minimal synthetic medium, including the steps of constructing a metabolic network using genome information of prokaryoti... | 09/28/2010 |
| 7320884 | Fermentation process A process for forming a color and odor stable polycarboxylic acid or polyhydroxy acid is provided. The process is carried out by fermenting a mixture containing a substrate which can be converted by fermentation into a polycarboxylic acid or a polyhydroxy acid, an o... | 01/22/2008 |
| 7270947 | Method for controlling biooxidation reactions Biooxidation reactions can be controlled by a method which comprises the steps of: (1) independently adding a substrate and a co-substrate at predetermined rates to a bioxidation reaction mixture comprised of a biocatalyst; (2) measuring the oxygen consumption rate ... | 09/18/2007 |
| 7232908 | Process for the production of piperidine derivatives with microorganisms The present invention relates to a process for the production of piperidine derivatives with microorganisms. This is carried out by incubating starting compounds in the presence of a microorganism under conditions effective to produce piperidine derivative products.... | 06/19/2007 |
| 7211140 | Low temperature plasticizers for flexible polyvinyl chloride resin applications Aliphatic diesters of unsaturated aliphatic C10-30 dicarboxylic acids are low temperature plasticizers for PVC. PVC is plasticized by contacting it with a plasticizing effective amount of an aliphatic diester of an unsaturated aliphatic C10-30 ... | 05/01/2007 |
| 7195898 | Method for the production of -hydroxybenzoate in species of pseudomonas and Bacterial strains transformed with the pcu genes are useful for the production of para-hydroxybenzoate (PHBA). Applicant has provided the p-cresol utilizing (pcu) and tmoX gene sequences from Pseudomonas mendocina KR-1, the proteins encoded by these sequences... | 03/27/2007 |
| 7083953 | Method for the production of p-Hydrozybenzoate in species of and Bacterial strains transformed with the pcu genes are useful for the production of para-hydroxybenzoate (PHBA). Applicant has provided the p-cresol utilizing (pcu) and tmoX gene sequences from Pseudomonas mendocina KR-1, the proteins encoded by these sequences... | 08/01/2006 |
| 7049111 | Process for producing HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor The present invention relates to a protein derived from a microorganism belonging to the genus Bacillus, which has an activity of hydroxylating a compound represented by the formula (I-a): wherein R1 ... | 05/23/2006 |
| 7044994 | Fertilizer compositions and methods of making and using same Fertilizer compositions for plant production are described, comprised of decontaminated manure and Bacillus spores, preferably a humic acid derived from lignite and, optionally, one or more of N compounds, P compounds, K compounds, and combinations of two or ... | 05/16/2006 |
| 7034188 | Production method of ketone compound A method for producing a ketone, particularly a macrocyclic ketone, from a 2-hydroxycycloalkanone having from 12 to 18 carbon atoms by efficiently dehydrating and reducing the acyloin in a single reaction vessel. A method for producing a ketone compound, which compr... | 04/25/2006 |
| 7022503 | Process for the stereoselective preparation of functionalized vicinal diols The present invention relates to a process for the kinetic resolution of racemic functionalized epoxides in the presence of microorganisms, crude or pure preparations thereof comprising a polypeptide having epoxide hydrolase activity. Preferred microorganisms are ye... | 04/04/2006 |
| 6987011 | Process for production of biopolymers from nitrogen deficient wastewater A process for producing biopolymers comprises passing nitrogen deficient wastewater through a treatment system comprising micro-organisms which grow aerobically in nitrogen deficient wastewater, and controlling the environment in the treatment system by maintaining ... | 01/17/2006 |
| 6939706 | Method for decomposing polyesters containing aromatic moieties, a denier reduction method of fiber, and microorganism having activity of decomposing the polyester A polyester containing aromatic moieties is contacted with microorganisms having the activity of decomposing the polyester to decompose or reduce it. Preferably, either or both of Trichosporon FERM BP-6445 or Arthrobacter FERM BP-6444 was contacted wit... | 09/06/2005 |
| 6926810 | Process for obtaining an organic acid from an organic acid ammonium salt, an organic acid amide, or an alkylamine organic acid complex Disclosed herein are methods for the recovery of an organic acid, such as a heat stable lactic acid, from a feed stream which contains at least one of an organic acid amide, an organic acid ammonium salt, or an alkylamine-organic acid complex. The feed stream is mix... | 08/09/2005 |
| 6913911 | Transgenic microbial polyhydroxyalkanoate producers Transgenic microbial strains are provided which contain the genes required for PHA formation integrated on the chromosome. The strains are advantageous in PHA production processes, because (1) no plasmids need to be maintained, generally obviating the required use o... | 07/05/2005 |
| 6878537 | Method for decomposing polyesters containing aromatic moieties, a denier reduction method of fiber, and microorganisms having activity of decomposing the polyester A polyester containing aromatic moieties is contacted with microorganisms having the activity of decomposing the polyester to decompose or reduce it. Preferably, either or both of Trichosporon FERM BP-6445 or Arthrobacter FERM BP-6444 was contacted wit... | 04/12/2005 |
| 6872788 | Production method of polyester containing epoxy group in side chain and production method of crosslinked polymer A method is provided which biosynthesizes a PHA having an epoxy group on a side chain with improved physicochemical properties. Specifically, a method of producing a polyester containing an epoxy group in a side chain thereof using alkene as a raw material is provid... | 03/29/2005 |
| 6794165 | Biological method for the production of adipic acid and intermediates A gene cluster has been isolated from an Acinetobacter sp. that encodes the enzymes expected to convert cyclohexanol to adipic acid. The entire gene cluster has been cloned and all open reading frames have been sequenced. Cosmid clones have been identified containin... | 09/21/2004 |
| 6777213 | Isolation of carboxylic acids from fermentation broth A process for recovering carboxylic acids from an aqueous mixture such as a fermentation broth using a solvent containing at least one olefin without the need for first removing the spent microorganism cells is provided. A co-solvent which increases the partition co... | 08/17/2004 |
| 6682914 | Bioactive tetracyclic diterpene compounds and methods of preparation and use thereof Newly-isolated and purified metabolites which are effective in regulating the development of at least one filamentous fungal microorganism species are disclosed. These compounds, which are referred to as conidiogenol and conidiogenone, may be used to indu... | 01/27/2004 |
| 6660503 | Modification of polysaccharides by means of a phenol oxidizing enzyme The present invention deals with a process for oxidation of a hydroxy group of C1 and/or C2 and/or C3 and/or C4 and/or C5 and/or C6 of a sugar monomer of an oligo- or a polysaccharide compr... | 12/09/2003 |
| 6649380 | Method for controlling molecular weight of polyhydroxyalkanote constituted on units containing residue of pheynyl-, thienyl-, or cyclohexyl-structure in side chain of molecule A method is provided for controlling the molecular weight of a polyhydroxyalkanoate containing at least one of a unit: --[OCH((CH2)m R1)CH2 C(O)]-- (m=1-8; R1 is a residue having a ring structure of a... | 11/18/2003 |
| 6600029 | Metabolic engineering of polyhydroxyalkanoate monomer synthases A novel pathway for the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoate is provided. A method of synthesizing a recombinant polyhydroxyalkanoate monomer synthase is also provided. These recombinant polyhydroxyalknoate synthases are derived from multifunctional fatty ac... | 07/29/2003 |
| 6596521 | Method for manufacturing organic acid by high-efficiency continuous fermentation The present invention provides a method for manufacturing organic acid by high-efficiency fermentation, which comprises the steps of continuous culture of organic acid bacteria and collection of organic acid produced from the culture employing a cell-recy... | 07/22/2003 |
| 6514743 | Polyester synthase and a gene coding for the same The present invention relates to a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:1 or an amino acid sequence having one or more amino acids deleted, replaced or added. The polypeptide further comprises polyester synthase activity. The invent... | 02/04/2003 |
| 6498242 | Biological method for the production of adipic acid and intermediates A gene cluster has been isolated from an Acinetobacter sp. that encodes the enzymes expected to convert cyclohexanol to adipic acid. The entire gene cluster has been cloned and all open reading frames have been sequenced. Cosmid clones have been identifie... | 12/24/2002 |
| 6492147 | Method for producing microbial polyester A method for producing a microbial polyester by culturing a microorganism being capable of producing a poly hydroxyalkanoate polyester in a culture medium containing 1-hexene as a sole carbon source.... | 12/10/2002 |
| 6461840 | Terephthalic acid producing proteobacteria This invention relates to a biocatalytic process to produce terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid from p-xylene and m-xylene, respectively. Terephthalic acid has been prepared by oxidizing p-xylene with bacteria belonging to the genus Burkholderia. Conve... | 10/08/2002 |
| 6410265 | Gene encoding a putive efflux protein for solvents/antibiotics in Pseudomonas mendocina This invention relates to the isolation of a novel putative efflux gene from Pseudomonas mendocina. The putative efflux gene is useful for probing an organism's efflux system to gain an understanding of the mechanisms of solvent tolerance. The invention f... | 06/25/2002 |
| 6410306 | Enantioselective enzymatic hydrolysis of 3-substituted esters of glutaric acid A process is provided for preparing an S-enantiomer compound having the formula ##STR1## in enantiomeric excess, or an R-enantiomer compound having the formula ##STR2## in enantiomeric excess, said process comprising hydrolyzing a compound having the... | 06/25/2002 |
| 6376213 | Method for decomposing polyesters containing aromatic moieties, a denier reduction method of fiber, and microorganisms having activity of decomposing the polyester A polyester containing aromatic moieties is contacted with microorganisms having the activity of decomposing the polyester to decompose or reduce it. Preferably, either or both of Trichosporon FERM BP-6445 or Arthrobacter FERM BP-6444 was contacted with t... | 04/23/2002 |
| 6346401 | Modification of polysaccharides by means of a phenol oxidizing enzyme The present invention deals with a process for oxidation of a hydroxy group of C1 and/or C2 and/or C3 and/or C4 and/or C5 and/or C6 of a sugar monomer of an oligo- or a polysaccharide compr... | 02/12/2002 |
| 6344348 | Process for the production of aspartic acid condensate The invention provides a process for the production of aspartic acid poly-condensate from a carbohydrate comprising the steps of: fermenting a carbohydrate-containing medium by means of a fumaric acid-producing microorganism, whereby a fumarate-containing... | 02/05/2002 |
| 6303351 | Process for the continuous production of citric acid by fermentation A process for producing citric acid/citrate for use in producing citric acid, comprising the steps of continuously feeding to a fermenter containing a yeast capable of transforming glucose to citric acid by fermentation, in the presence of a nutrient medi... | 10/16/2001 |
| 6288275 | Separation and purification of carboxylic acids from fermentation broths Carboxylic acids, particularly dicarboxylic acids, are separated from a fermentation broth by adjusting the pH of the fermentation broth to about 2.0 or below, and then heating the broth to a temperature sufficient to cause formation of three immiscible p... | 09/11/2001 |
| 6245538 | Process for recovering carboxylic acids from a fermentation broth Carboxylic acids are recovered from a fermentation broth by adjusting the pH of a fermentation broth comprised of a carboxylic acid to at least about 6.0 and then heating the pH-adjusted broth to a temperature sufficient to effect the formation of three i... | 06/12/2001 |
| 6225089 | Gene encoding a putative efflux protein for solvents/antibiotics in pseudomonas mendocina This invention relates to the isolation of a novel putative efflux gene from Pseudomonas mendocina. The putative efflux gene is useful for probing an organism's efflux system to gain an understanding of the mechanisms of solvent tolerance. The invention f... | 05/01/2001 |
| 6187569 | Microbial production of terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid This invention relates to a biocatalytic process to produce terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid from p-xylene and m-xylene, respectively. Terephthalic acid has been prepared by oxidizing p-xylene with bacteria belonging to the genus Burkholderia. Conve... | 02/13/2001 |
| 6171831 | Method for the production of itaconic acid using aspergillus terreus solid state fermentation The method to produce itaconic acid is a solid-state fermentation method. Sugarcane pressmud or peeled sugarcane pressmud is the support used to adsorb liquid medium for the production of itaconic acid by an Aspergillus terreus mutant strain. This mutant ... | 01/09/2001 |
| 6087135 | Modification of polysaccharides by means of a phenol oxidizing enzyme The present invention deals with a process for oxidation of a hydroxy group of C1 and/or C2 and/or C3 and/or C4 and/or C5 and/or C6 of a sugar monomer of an oligo- or a polysaccharide compr... | 07/11/2000 |