Did You Know...
...that when IBM conducted a market study of Chester Carlson's invention in 1959, the company concluded that it would take only 5000 units of his new product to saturate the market? IBM therefore declined to be part of the new product introduction. Too bad for IBM. Carlson's invention was the xerography process, and his new product was the beginning of the Xerox Corporation. It is estimated that every day, worldwide, 3,000,000,000 copies are made!!
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7709134 | Microfluidic biofuel cell Microfluidic biofuel cells comprising a bioanode and/or a biocathode are formed using microfluidic principles and soft lithography. The enzymes utilized in the redox reactions at the bioanode and/or the biocathode are stabilized in a micellar or inverted micellar st... | 05/04/2010 |
| 7695850 | Electrode for use in oxygen reduction The present invention is usable in oxygen electrodes and air electrodes for air cells, fuel cells, electrochemical sensors and like electrochemical devices. The present invention provides a very stable oxygen-reducing electrode that can achieve electrochemical reduc... | 04/13/2010 |
| 7687186 | Enzyme electrode, and sensor and biofuel cell using the same The present invention relates to an enzyme electrode for transporting electric charge formed by an oxidation-reduction reaction in an enzyme to a conductive member at a high speed. Specifically, the enzyme electrode has a π-conjugated metal complex molecule immobil... | 03/30/2010 |
| 7655345 | Fuel cell using in the cathode compartment and optionally in the anode compartment oxydoreductase enzymes A proton exchange membrane fuel cell comprises an cathodic compartment including a cathode, an oxidant consisting of oxygen and at least one enzyme catalyst, an anodic compartment comprising an anode, a fuel and at least one catalyst. The anodic and cathodic compart... | 02/02/2010 |
| 7638228 | Enzyme immobilization for use in biofuel cells and sensors Disclosed are bioanodes comprising a quaternary ammonium treated Nafion® polymer membrane and a dehydrogenase incorporated within the treated Nafion® polymer. The dehydrogenase catalyzes the oxidation of an organic fuel and reduces an adenine dinucleotide. The ion... | 12/29/2009 |
| 7632600 | Enzyme electrode and method of producing the same An enzyme electrode that enables to enhance the rate of charge transfer from a redox center of an enzyme and catalytic current is provided. An enzyme electrode capable of increasing catalytic current by increasing the rate of charge transfer from an enzyme using an ... | 12/15/2009 |
| 7585585 | Electrode catalyst for use in a fuel cells, and fuel cell and electrode utilizing same The invention provides a high activity electrode catalyst for fuel cells whose catalytic activity due to an expensive noble metal, such as platinum, has been improved to a higher level through the use of an inexpensive material to enable a reduction in noble metal c... | 09/08/2009 |
| 7550223 | Method of making metal-polymer composite catalysts A metal-polymer-carbon composite catalyst for use as a cathode electrocatalyst in fuel cells. The catalyst includes a heteroatomic polymer; a transition metal linked to the heteroatomic polymer by one of nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus, and a recast ionomer dispers... | 06/23/2009 |
| 7544438 | Electron mediator, electron mediator immobilized electrode, and biofuel cell using the electrode An object of the present invention is to provide a highly functional mediator capable of smoothly proceeding electron transfer between an electrode and a biocatalyst based on the premise that the mediator excels in safety and cost and to provide an electrode and a c... | 06/09/2009 |
| 7432009 | Lamination apparatus and methods Components for the manufacture of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells are provided, as well as apparatus and automatable methods for their manufacture by rotary die cutting and by lamination of various layers to form membrane electrode assemblies. A method and a... | 10/07/2008 |
| 7396797 | Production method of catalyst for fuel cell and of fuel cell, and catalyst for fuel cell and fuel cell A method for producing a catalyst for a fuel cell is provided which is capable of improving output characteristics of the fuel cell. Metal fine particles making up the catalyst for the fuel cell to be used as a fuel electrode and air electrode are formed by reducing... | 07/08/2008 |
| 7384701 | Biocatalytic direct alcohol fuel cell The invention relates to a biocatalytic direct alcohol fuel cell comprising an anode chamber, one or more cathode chambers, and an ion exchange membrane between the chambers. The anode chamber contains a biocatalyst for oxidation of the fuel, and the cathode chamber... | 06/10/2008 |
| 7371247 | Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue A tissue penetrating system includes a plurality of penetrating members each having a tip. A penetrating member driver is coupled to the plurality of penetrating members. Each tip of a penetrating member is uncovered during launch of the penetrating member by the pe... | 05/13/2008 |
| 7368190 | Miniature biological fuel cell that is operational under physiological conditions, and associated devices and methods A fuel cell is provided with an anode and a cathode. The anode is in electrical communication with an anode enzyme and the cathode is in electrical communication with a cathode enzyme. The anode enzyme is preferably an oxidase or a dehydrogenase. The cathode enzyme ... | 05/06/2008 |
| 7351770 | Ionic hydrophilic high molecular weight redox polymers for use in enzymatic electrochemical-based sensors Ionic hydrophilic high molecular weight redox polymers for use in enzymatic electrochemical-based sensors include a hydrophilic polymer (such as a hydrophilic polymer backbone) with ionic portions (e.g., cationic monomers incorporated in the hydrophilic polymer back... | 04/01/2008 |
| 7348090 | Fuel cell A fuel cell comprises a cathode (electrode catalyst layer), an anode (electrode catalyst layer), and a gas diffusion layer provided at least on one of the cathode and anode between a collector and the electrode catalyst layer and containing carbon having an oil abso... | 03/25/2008 |
| 7345005 | Electrocatalysts and processes for producing Noble metal catalysts and methods for producing the catalysts are provided. The catalysts are useful in applications such as fuel cells. The catalysts exhibit reduced agglomeration of catalyst particles as compared to conventional noble metal catalysts. ... | 03/18/2008 |
| 7344799 | Direct hydrogen peroxide fuel cell A direct hydrogen peroxide fuel cell for stable and efficient production of electric current by direct reduction of hydrogen peroxide via a cathode comprising a metal phthalocyanine electrocatalyst, coupled with oxidation of fuel by means of ion transfer across an i... | 03/18/2008 |
| 7332240 | Spatially varying diffusion media and devices incorporating the same A diffusion media and a scheme for spatially varying the parameters of the diffusion media to address issues related to water management in electrochemical cells and other devices employing the diffusion media are provided. A device is configured to convert a hydrog... | 02/19/2008 |
| 7331931 | Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue These and other objects of the present invention are achieved in a body fluid sampling system for use on a tissue site that includes an electrically powered drive force generator. A penetrating member is operatively coupled to the force generator. The force generato... | 02/19/2008 |
| 7326480 | Fuel cell power system and method of controlling a fuel cell power system A fuel cell power system includes a fuel cell which has an optimal voltage; an energy storage device having a nominal voltage substantially similar to the optimal voltage of the fuel cell; and an electrical switch that, in operation, selectively electrically couples... | 02/05/2008 |
| 7316700 | Self optimizing lancing device with adaptation means to temporal variations in cutaneous properties A lancing device, an embodiment of which controls the advancement and retraction of a lancet by monitoring the position of the lancet in conjunction with a lancet controller which incorporates a feedback loop for modulating the lancet driver to follow a predetermine... | 01/08/2008 |
| 7312174 | Method for preparing highly loaded, highly dispersed platinum metal on a carbon substrate The invention is directed to a simple method for preparing highly dispersed, highly loaded platinum metal elements on various carbon substrates, including conductive carbon black, which is utilized in fuel cell electrodes. Utilizing carbon with a controlled point of... | 12/25/2007 |
| 7291117 | Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue These and other objects of the present invention are achieved in a body fluid sampling system for use on a tissue site that includes a voice coil based penetrating member driver. A plurality of penetrating members are included. A transport mechanism is configured to... | 11/06/2007 |
| 7282293 | Passive water management techniques in direct methanol fuel cells Passive water management techniques are provided in an air-breathing direct oxidation fuel cell system. A highly hydrophobic component with sub-micrometer wide pores is laminated to the catalyzed membrane electrolyte on the cathode side. This component blocks liquid... | 10/16/2007 |
| 7264962 | Enzymatic cascade bioreactor Disclosed is an apparatus and method for continuously converting sucrose to β-D-glucose. The method comprises a three stage enzymatic reactor in which an aqueous solution of sucrose is first converted into a solution of fructose and α-D-glucose by passing it throu... | 09/04/2007 |
| 7258693 | Device and method for variable speed lancet A method of penetrating tissue is provided. The method comprises using a lancet driver to advance a lancet into the tissue; advancing the lancet at a first desired velocity in a first layer of tissue; advancing the lancet at a second desired velocity in a second lay... | 08/21/2007 |
| 7258938 | Polymer electrolyte fuel cell A polymer electrolyte fuel cell includes a housing provided with an anode-side supply inlet for supplying a material for fuel, an anode and a cathode accommodated in the housing to sandwich a polymer electrolyte membrane, and a layer containing a biochemical catalys... | 08/21/2007 |
| 7250189 | Increasing the hydrophilicity of carbon fiber paper by electropolymerization An electroconductive porous substrate such as carbon fiber paper with an electroconductive polymer deposited on the carbon fibers of the paper is used as a wicking material or diffusion medium in a fuel cell. The polymer may be deposited from a solution of monomers ... | 07/31/2007 |
| 7244265 | Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue These and other objects of the present invention are achieved in a body fluid sampling system for use on a tissue site that includes a drive force generator and a penetrating member operatively coupled to the force generator. The force generator moves the member alo... | 07/17/2007 |
| 7238442 | Biological fuel cell and methods A fuel cell has an anode and a cathode with anode enzyme disposed on the anode and cathode enzyme is disposed on the cathode. The anode is configured and arranged to electrooxidize an anode reductant in the presence of the anode enzyme. Likewise, the cathode is conf... | 07/03/2007 |
| 7232451 | Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue A skin penetrating system has a housing member and a plurality of penetrating members positioned in the housing member. A tissue stabilizing device is coupled to the housing member. A user interface is configured to relay at least one of, skin penetrating performanc... | 06/19/2007 |
| 7229458 | Method and apparatus for penetrating tissue A tissue penetrating system includes a plurality of cartridges each with a distal port and a proximal port. A plurality of penetrating members are provided, each coupled to a cartridge and having a sharpened distal tip and a shaft portion slidably disposed within th... | 06/12/2007 |
| 7226461 | Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with sterility barrier release A device for use with a gripper is provided. A cartridge is provided that defines a plurality of cavities. A plurality of penetrating members are at least partially contained in the cavities of the cartridge. The penetrating members are slidably movable to extend ou... | 06/05/2007 |
| 7198606 | Method and apparatus for a multi-use body fluid sampling device with analyte sensing A device for use with a penetrating member driver to penetrate tissue is provided. A plurality of penetrating members are coupled to a single cartridge and are operatively couplable to the penetrating member driver. The penetrating members are movable to extend radi... | 04/03/2007 |
| 7186665 | Production of low-temperature fuel cell electrodes A process for the production of electrodes for fuel cells includes applying an ink consisting of a mixture of at least a carbon powder, an ion-conducting polymer and a fluid, the fluid containing at least 3% of an alkanediol, and a fuel cell electrode which can be o... | 03/06/2007 |
| 7176157 | Anode structure An anode structure comprising a ruthenium catalyst is disclosed. The catalyst consists essentially of ruthenium deposited on a conducting support wherein the ruthenium is in metallic form or in a form that is readily reducible to the metallic form at temperatures of... | 02/13/2007 |
| 7166382 | Method and apparatus for improved fluid flow within an electrochemical cell Treated porous flow field members are used to support membranes in electrochemical cells and to enhance fluid flow to and from the membrane. The treated porous includes a support material having at least a portion thereof treated with a quantity of hydrophobic polym... | 01/23/2007 |
| 7163616 | Reagents and methods for detecting analytes, and devices comprising reagents for detecting analytes Reagents for detecting an analyte are described. A reagent comprises (a) an enzyme selected from the group consisting of a flavoprotein, a quinoprotein, and a combination thereof; and (b) a mediator selected from the group consisting of a phenothiazine, a phenoxazin... | 01/16/2007 |
| 7160637 | Implantable, miniaturized microbial fuel cell A miniaturized microbial fuel cell is described deriving electrical power from the biological activity of microbes, typically the metabolism of glucose by baker's yeast. Microfabrication techniques are used to miniaturize the components as well as the overall fuel c... | 01/09/2007 |
