William F. Semple, a dentist, was awarded the first US Patent on chewing gum in 1869. His recipe contained powdered chalk.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8133460 | Method for the preparation of a reducing agent composition The invention relates to a method for preparing a reducing agent composition, which is used in the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides and which contains from 20 to 40% by weight of urea, from 20 to 40% by weight of ammonium formate, and water. The comp... | 03/13/2012 |
| 8057766 | Exhaust gas purifying apparatus and method for purifying exhaust gas An exhaust gas purifying apparatus includes a metal casing and a honeycomb filter installed in the metal casing. The honeycomb filter includes cells, a first end face, and a second end face. The cells include a first cell and a second cell provided alternately. The ... | 11/15/2011 |
| 8012440 | Method for operating a device having at least one electrically heatable honeycomb body and device for the catalytic conversion of exhaust gases A method is provided for operating a device having at least one electrically heatable honeycomb body through which an exhaust gas can flow. The electrically heatable honeycomb body has at least one current distribution structure to which a plurality of short, succes... | 09/06/2011 |
| 8012439 | Filter A filter for filtering particulate matter (PM) from exhaust gas emitted from a positive ignition engine, which filter comprising a porous substrate having inlet surfaces and outlet surfaces, wherein the inlet surfaces are separated from the outlet surfaces by a poro... | 09/06/2011 |
| 7976801 | System and method for the processing and incineration of diesel exhaust particulate matter A particulate converter for the collection and the incineration of particulate matters from diesel engine exhaust includes an exhaust path extending from the diesel engine through the particulate converter. The particulate converter further includes a housing and at... | 07/12/2011 |
| 7959883 | Engine exhaust gas reactors and methods Particulate pollutants such as carbonaceous particles are removed from an engine exhaust stream by passing the exhaust stream through an exhaust gas reactor, the exhaust stream first traversing a charging zone wherein the particles are charged via a corona discharge... | 06/14/2011 |
| 7883678 | Microporous crystalline material comprising a molecular sieve or zeolite having an 8-ring pore opening structure and methods of making and using same There is disclosed a hydrothermally stable microporous crystalline material comprising a molecular sieve or zeolite having an 8-ring pore opening structure, such as SAPO-34 or aluminosilicate zeolite, able to retain a specific percentage of its surface area and micr... | 02/08/2011 |
| 7850934 | Particle separator and method for removing particles from an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine A particle separator and method for removing particles from an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine. Differing flow regions having different flow conditions are formed in the particle separator. The differing flow regions are configured such that esse... | 12/14/2010 |
| 7842266 | Method of denitration of exhaust gas and apparatus therefor A method of exhaust gas denitration in which nitrogen oxides contained in a low-temperature exhaust gas are removed at a high NOx removal efficiency. A injection pipe (11) is disposed in a flue (10) for an exhaust gas (x) so that the pipe pr... | 11/30/2010 |
| 7749471 | Reduction of oxides of nitrogen in a gas stream using boron-containing molecular sieve CHA A process for reduction of oxides of nitrogen contained in a gas stream comprising contacting the gas stream with a boron-containing molecular sieve, the boron-containing molecular sieve having the CHA crystal structure and comprising (1) silicon oxide and (2) boron... | 07/06/2010 |
| 7645432 | Exhaust treatment system and method An exhaust treatment system and method for removing particulates and/or gases from exhaust gases and for cooling exhaust gases. The exhaust treatment system may include a venturi nozzle for injecting a mixture of water and air into the exhaust gases to cause particu... | 01/12/2010 |
| 7641874 | Microwave induced destruction of impurities from biogas and nitrogen oxides from engine exhaust Granulated Activated Carbon (GAC) is used to remove hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from the biogas produced in an anaerobic digester. The cleaned biogas is then combusted in a reciprocating engine. The exhaust of the engine is passed through a heat exchanger and ... | 01/05/2010 |
| 7597864 | Control of mercury and other elemental metal emissions using reaction stabilization device Ammonia and optionally carbon monoxide are injected into the flue gas containing metals such as mercury in a manner so that there are sufficient amounts of these materials in the flue gas when the flue gas is at a temperature of from 900° F. to 1,450° F. to oxidiz... | 10/06/2009 |
| 7481986 | Method and system for injection of a solution into a gas stream A method and a system for injection of a solution of a compound into a gas at elevated temperature. The method includes the steps of injecting the solution into an injection channel being provided into at least a portion of an outer channel and being surrounded by a... | 01/27/2009 |
| 7449162 | Device for treatment of exhaust of an internal combustion engine A method and a device for treatment of the exhaust of an internal combustion engine in which a fluid is used as an auxiliary agent for the treatment; a partial chemical conversion of the auxiliary agent is at least occasionally stimulated in order to produce a subst... | 11/11/2008 |
| 7445761 | Method and system for providing compressed substantially oxygen-free exhaust gas for industrial purposes A method and system of providing compressed substantially oxygen-free exhaust gas for industrial purposes including the steps of extracting exhaust gas from a lean burn engine consuming a mixture of natural gas fuel and air, passing the extracted exhaust gas through... | 11/04/2008 |
| 7387650 | Fuel cell power generation system and method for operating the same A fuel cell power generation system, equipped with a fuel reforming device and a fuel cell body, includes valves, pipelines, a condenser, and a pump for feeding a burner exhaust gas (raw gas) discharged from a heating burner of the fuel reforming device into the fue... | 06/17/2008 |
| 7361320 | Exhaust gas purification unit with reducing agent supply The invention proposes an exhaust-gas purification unit for purifying the exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine which is preferably operated in lean-burn mode, in particular a diesel engine used in motor vehicles, in which a particulate filter and a SCR cat... | 04/22/2008 |
| 7328572 | Exhaust aftertreatment device with star-plugged turbulator An exhaust aftertreatment device has a turbulator provided by a tube having a perforated star-plugged downstream end. ... | 02/12/2008 |
| 7326264 | Plasma particulate filter A method for reducing the particulate emissions containing carbon of diesel motors uses surface discharges to regenerate a filter. An appropriate wall flow filter is configured from alternately closed longitudinal channels. The electrodes are embedded in the filter ... | 02/05/2008 |
| 7294313 | Device and method for producing ammonia from solid urea pellets A device for producing ammonia from urea pellets includes a pellet dispensing device, a pellet accelerator, a pellet shooting channel, and an ammonia reactor having a chamber or zone for shooting in urea pellets and a pellet deflector arranged on an end of the shoot... | 11/13/2007 |
| 7285247 | Apparatus and method for operating a fuel reformer so as to purge soot therefrom A method of operating a fuel reformer includes advancing a first air/fuel mixture having a first air-to-fuel ratio into the fuel reformer. The method further includes determining if a soot purge is to be performed and generating a purge-soot signal in response there... | 10/23/2007 |
| 7279017 | Method for converting heavy oil residuum to a useful fuel A method for enabling the use of heavy oil residuum by conversion to a useful product. The method, in one embodiment, involves the use of a heavy oil residuum which is substantially non flowable. The viscosity of the residuum is reduced by heat or a combination of h... | 10/09/2007 |
| 7265076 | CO removal catalyst, method of producing CO removal catalyst, hydrogen purifying device and fuel cell system A CO removal catalyst of inducing CO shift reaction for allowing water and carbon monoxide to react to produce hydrogen and carbon dioxide, comprising a catalyst carrier having a cerium-zirconium composite oxide and a zirconium oxide and a predetermined noble metal ... | 09/04/2007 |
| 7257945 | Stripping ethanol from ethanol-blended fuels for use in NOSCR A method to use diesel fuel alchohol micro emulsions (E-diesel) to provide a source of reductant to lower NOx emissions using selective catalytic reduction. Ethanol is stripped from the micro emulsion and entered into the exhaust gasses upstream of the re... | 08/21/2007 |
| 7254939 | Exhaust gas purification unit with reducing agent supply An exhaust gas purification unit for purifying the exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine which is preferably operated in lean burn mode, in particular a diesel engine used in motor vehicles, has a particulate filter and a SCR catalytic converter arranged in... | 08/14/2007 |
| 7252806 | Flue gas conversion apparatus and method An apparatus and method of converting flue gases produced by a fossil fuel burning furnace boiler is disclosed. The flue gas is separated into its constituent parts by cooling and filtering. Carbon dioxide, the main constituent, is then converted to carbon monoxide ... | 08/07/2007 |
| 7247185 | Device for treatment of a gas flow Device for treatment of a gas flow having at least one body (3) that is adapted to cause a conversion in the composition of the gas. The device is characterized in that the body (3) has a modular construction comprising a plurality of sections (26, ... | 07/24/2007 |
| 7244281 | Method and apparatus for trapping and purging soot from a fuel reformer A plasma fuel reformer assembly for producing reformate gas includes a fuel reformer having an air/fuel input assembly, an electrode assembly, and a soot trap positioned downstream of the electrode assembly. The electrode assembly includes a first electrode and a se... | 07/17/2007 |
| 7241431 | Method and emission control system for catalytically reducing nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of a combustion system A method and an emission control system are for catalytically reducing nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas of a combustion system, especially a diesel motor. An oxidation catalyst is arranged upstream in relation to the reduction catalyst and in the exhaust gas chann... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7240483 | Pre-combustors for internal combustion engines and systems and methods therefor Described here are systems and methods for treating fuel injected exhaust streams. In general, the systems comprise a fuel injector, a pre-combustor, and a fuel combustor. The methods described herein include methods for regenerating a NOx trap or a DPF, ... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7235221 | NOcatalyst and method of suppressing sulfate formation in an exhaust purification system The activity and durability of a zeolite lean-burn NOx catalyst can be increased by loading metal cations on the outer surface of the zeolite. However, the metal loadings can also oxidize sulfur dioxide to cause sulfate formation in the exhaust. The present inventio... | 06/26/2007 |
| 7226679 | Fuel cell system with degradation protected anode A method of operating a fuel cell including an anode, a cathode, a first passage, and a second passage, wherein the anode is disposed in the first passage and the cathode in the second passage including producing a non-explosive gaseous feed consisting of (i) at lea... | 06/05/2007 |
| 7210288 | Exhaust gas aftertreatment installation and method An exhaust gas aftertreatment installment and associated exhaust gas aftertreatment method utilizes a nitrogen oxide storage catalytic converter and an SCR catalytic converter. A particulate filter is provided upstream of the nitrogen oxide storage catalytic convert... | 05/01/2007 |
| 7201179 | Modular fluid supply system A modular fluid supply system for use with a liquid supply source includes a plurality of container packs, a fluid delivery line in fluid communication with the containers of the packs, and a controller. Each container pack includes at least one container that conta... | 04/10/2007 |
| 7189375 | Exhaust treatment device An exhaust treatment device for treating an exhaust gas stream combines the functionalities of a catalytic particulate filter and a NOx absorber catalyst into a single integral device and is disposed in an exhaust conduit. By combining the functionalities of the cat... | 03/13/2007 |
| 7175821 | Reactor and process for reducing emissions of CO and NO The current invention provides systems and method for reducing emissions of gaseous pollutants such as carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide. The invention utilizes at least one catalyst bed and at least one fluidizable bed of sorbent material. The curr... | 02/13/2007 |
| 7169328 | Multiphase nanocomposite material and method for its manufacture A multiphase composite material having utility as an electrochemical electrode or catalyst includes a first active phase which is an amorphous, electrochemically active material; and a second, stabilizer phase which includes one or more of: metals, carbon, ceramics,... | 01/30/2007 |
| 7166268 | Catalyst for hydrocarbon reforming and method of reforming hydrocarbon with the same The present invention provides a catalyst suitably employed in a variety of hydrocarbon reforming processes and a hydrocarbon reforming process including employing the catalyst in production of hydrogen or synthesis gas. The hydrocarbon reforming catalyst of the pre... | 01/23/2007 |
| 7163571 | Exhaust gas cooler and particulate scrubbing system An exhaust gas cooling and particulate scrubbing system for automobiles includes a first stage intercooler for initial, indirect cooling of the exhaust gas and a direct exhaust gas cooling and scrubbing device preferably positioned downstream in the exhaust system t... | 01/16/2007 |