A self defense weapon formed as a memo pad and which is easily held by a person's fingers, therefore making it possible to provide protection from a mugger and also to quickly and easily write a record or a message without failure of missing or forgetting significant information under a stressful situation.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8190031 | Optical network design apparatus and dispersion compensation design method In an optical network design apparatus, a constraint setter sets a first constraint that one of alternative values given beforehand is selected as the dispersion compensation amount of each node, sets a first margin value that assumes a nonnegative value, sets a sec... | 05/29/2012 |
| 8155530 | System and method for increasing spectral efficiency, capacity and/or dispersion-limited reach of modulated signals in communication links A system and method for increasing spectral efficiency, capacity and/or extending dispersion-limited reach in a communication link employs narrow filtering of a baseband signal to reduce the original bandwidth to a substantially smaller bandwidth for transmission ac... | 04/10/2012 |
| 8131155 | Optical signal transmission apparatus There is provided an optical signal transmission apparatus having a stable dispersion compensation function without unnecessarily controlling a compensation value even when a main signal quality is deteriorated due to a factor other than dispersion or in the case of... | 03/06/2012 |
| 8059965 | Polarization mode dispersion compensation Methods and systems for PMD compensation in an optical communication system are implemented by transmitting multiple optical signals through a common optical conduit to an optical compensator that adjustably rotates the polarization states of the multiple optical si... | 11/15/2011 |
| 8036536 | Optical transmitter, optical network and method for compensation of polarization mode dispersion An optical transmitter apparatus for use in an optical communications network has a polarization dithering unit, an optical transmitter unit, and a transmission fiber. The polarization dithering unit is connected in series between an output of the optical transmitte... | 10/11/2011 |
| 7991295 | Method and system for compensating for optical dispersion in an optical signal A method is provided for dispersion compensation of an optical signal communicated in an optical network comprising a plurality of spans of low chromatic dispersion fiber. The method includes receiving an optical signal comprising a plurality of channels, where the ... | 08/02/2011 |
| 7978982 | Electronic dispersion compensation systems and methods An electronic dispersion compensation (EDC) system may comprise one or more EDC solution application modules. The EDC system may include a solution transition module. The solution transition module may be configured to determine a path between a first EDC solution p... | 07/12/2011 |
| 7965945 | Flexible dispersion mapping One method configures an all-optical network such that at least eighty percent of optical fiber spans of a portion of a first all-optical path of the network have substantially a first residual dispersion per span and at least eighty percent of optical fiber spans o... | 06/21/2011 |
| 7933522 | Optical signal transmission system and optical signal transmission method Influence of polarization mode dispersion, occurring in an optical fiber is mitigated by means of polarization scrambling, differential group delay which a received optical signal has is optically suppressed; the optical signal in which differential group delay is t... | 04/26/2011 |
| 7873282 | System, method and apparatus for polarization mode dispension compensation and demultiplexing polarization multiplexed signals A polarization multiplex transmission system (10) comprises two optical signals (z1, z2) transmitted over the same optical fiber (15) at the same wavelength but with orthogonal polarizations. The system is characterized by receivi... | 01/18/2011 |
| 7873283 | Method of monitoring optical signal to noise ratio and optical transmission system using the same The invention aims to provide a monitoring method that can measure an optical SNR in an ultra high speed optical transmission system with high accuracy, and an optical transmission system using the same. To this end, in the optical transmission system to which the m... | 01/18/2011 |
| 7869715 | Dispersion compensating apparatus and dispersion compensation control method A variable dispersion compensating unit compensates an optical signal, and changes the compensation amount according to a control signal that has a given frequency. After demodulation of the compensated optical signal, error conditions of the signal are monitored an... | 01/11/2011 |
| 7848656 | Method of operating and optimising a WDM transmission system and computer program product A method of operating a WDM transmission system with at least one transmitter and at least one receiver connected by means of a dispersive transmission line. The proposed method comprises the successive steps of successively: a) setting a tunable dispersion pre-comp... | 12/07/2010 |
| 7813647 | Chromatic dispersion compensation control method and apparatus A chromatic dispersion compensation control method for compensating the chromatic dispersion of an optical transmission path with a variable dispersion compensator inserted in the optical transmission path is disclosed. The method includes a transmitter inserting a ... | 10/12/2010 |
| 7805082 | Optical laser control for optical communications systems An optical communications system comprises a transmitter, a receiver and an optical communications link between the transmitter and receiver. The transmitter comprises a current-driven directly modulated laser for providing a modulated optical signal and a current c... | 09/28/2010 |
| 7787775 | Methods and apparatus for optical networks A chromatic dispersion compensation system for an optical transmission system incorporates circuitry which determines the length of an optical fiber extending between an output amplifier and an input amplifier. Based on fiber type, the total chromatic dispersion on ... | 08/31/2010 |
| 7769299 | Chromatic dispersion monitoring method and chromatic dispersion monitoring apparatus, and optical transmission system A chromatic dispersion monitoring apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a photodetector which photo-electrically converts an optical signal; a low-pass filter which limits a frequency bandwidth of the photo-electrically converted electrical signal ... | 08/03/2010 |
| 7747171 | Method and apparatus for alleviating slope-induced impairments to chirped optical signals propagating in an optical transmission system A method and apparatus is provided for reducing impairment to an adiabatically chirped optical signal propagating in an optical communication system. The method begins by receiving an adiabatically chirped optical signal that has traversed one or more network compon... | 06/29/2010 |
| 7734186 | Signal transmission in an optical system A method of reducing Raman tilt in a transmission apparatus capable of transmitting a plurality of signals, occupying contiguous channels in a transmission band, through a length of optical transmission cable which exhibits the Raman effect of transferring energy fr... | 06/08/2010 |
| 7734187 | Dispersion management in optical networks using a differential phase shift keying modulation format Dispersion may be managed in an optical network configured to transmit differential phase shift keying (DPSK) modulated signals by allowing accumulation of dispersion to thousands of ps/nm before compensating. A dispersion map providing a negative average dispersion... | 06/08/2010 |
| 7729619 | Dispersion compensation controlling apparatus and method for searching for amount of dispersion control In order to enhance dispersion control, the apparatus includes a dispersion controller; a quality index generator generating a quality index representing a quality of an optical signal output from the dispersion controller; and a searching unit searching for an amou... | 06/01/2010 |
| 7697847 | Dispersion compensator for frequency reshaped optical signals An optical transmitter is disclosed including an optical signal source generating a frequency modulated signal encoding data. An optical spectrum reshaper is positioned to receive the frequency modulated signal and converts the frequency modulated signal into a resh... | 04/13/2010 |
| 7693425 | Method and system for compensating for optical dispersion in an optical signal in a hybrid optical network A system and method for dispersion compensation of an optical signal in a hybrid network includes generating optical traffic in a first set of one or more channels, wherein the traffic in the first set of channels is modulated using a first modulation technique. Opt... | 04/06/2010 |
| 7676158 | Method and system for optimum channel equalization from a SerDes to an optical module Certain aspects of a method and system for optimum channel equalization between a host Serializer-Deserializer (SerDes) and an optical module may compensate and reduce dispersion loss along an electrical transmit path of a transmitter and an optical transmit path co... | 03/09/2010 |
| 7672595 | Optical transmission system architecture supporting migration to electronic compensation of link impairments An optical communications system for conveying traffic through an optical link between transmitting and receiving nodes. The system comprises, for each node, respective legacy and bypass paths coupled in parallel between the optical link and the node. The legacy pat... | 03/02/2010 |
| 7668465 | Dispersion-managed optical transmission system An optical transmission system that alleviates waveform distortions due to nonlinear effects in fibers. A transmitter sends WDM signals to a receiver over a dispersion-managed optical transmission line with in-line optical repeaters. The transmission line is divided... | 02/23/2010 |
| 7646983 | Apparatus and method for commissioning an optical transmission system An apparatus and method directed to testing and optimizing performance of an optical transmission system is disclosed, including at least one broadband dispersion compensation unit (DCU) or at least one depolarization device. The depolarization device may be used al... | 01/12/2010 |
| 7646982 | Chromatic dispersion compensator A chromatic dispersion compensator of present invention includes a high-refractive-index VIPA plate, a three-dimensional mirror, and a control unit. The high-refractive-index VIPA plate is made of a material such as silicon having a refractive index higher than that... | 01/12/2010 |
| 7577365 | Optical pulse regeneration device, installation comprising one such device and use of same This device for optically regenerating pulses includes a synchronous intensity modulator to provide time synchronization for pulses passing through it and to stabilize intensity fluctuations in the pulses. In addition, it includes noise suppression circuitry in the ... | 08/18/2009 |
| 7555220 | Chromatic dispersion compensator (CDC) in a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) chip and method of operation An optical equalizer/dispersion compensator (E/CDC) comprises an input/output for receiving a multiplexed channel signal comprising a plurality of channel signals of different wavelengths. An optical amplifier may be coupled to receive, as an input/output, the multi... | 06/30/2009 |
| 7536108 | High precision chromatic dispersion measuring method and automatic dispersion compensating optical link system that uses this method The present invention relates to an automatic dispersion compensating optical link system. Carrier suppressed RZ encoded optical signals generated using carrier suppressing means and binary NRZ code or partial response code, or carrier suppressed clock signals gener... | 05/19/2009 |
| 7512344 | Variable dispersion compensator A dispersion compensator is applicable to a WDM optical transmission system and features low loss, wideband usage, and minimum ripple. The dispersion compensator is constructed so that the light emitted from a collimator will be reflected from an etalon of a 100% si... | 03/31/2009 |
| 7512343 | Bidirectional communication system A bidirectional communication system is disclosed. A single optical line amplifier is used to amplify signals in both the east and west directions. Additionally, a single dispersion compensation module is used to compensate for fiber dispersion in both directions. U... | 03/31/2009 |
| 7512345 | Wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system and method Disclosed is a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical transmission system including: an optical transmitter for transmitting, to an optical fiber transmission path, a WDM signal obtained by multiplexing a plurality of optical signals on the optical fiber tra... | 03/31/2009 |
| 7496296 | Optical transmission path monitoring system, monitoring apparatus therefor and monitoring method therefor Terminal equipment of a wavelength division multiplexing optical transmission system is provided with a monitoring apparatus for monitoring optical transmission paths with an OTDR. For this monitoring, OTDR probe lights of different wavelengths are allocated to opti... | 02/24/2009 |
| 7486895 | Effective control algorithm for optical polarization mode dispersion compensators The present invention includes apparatus and method of a variable step size dithering control algorithm for polarization mode dispersion controllers (PMDCs). The dithering step size of the PCs is adjusted according to the feedback signal including degree of polariza... | 02/03/2009 |
| 7477848 | Optical receiving apparatus and method for controlling the optical receiving apparatus An optical receiving apparatus sets, efficiently and optimally, a delay interferometer and a variable wavelength dispersion compensator in the apparatus. The apparatus has a variable dispersion compensation unit performing variably dispersion compensation on a recei... | 01/13/2009 |
| 7466923 | Polarization mode dispersion compensation Methods and systems for PMD compensation in an optical communication system are implemented by transmitting multiple optical signals through a common optical conduit to an optical compensator that adjustably rotates the polarization states of the multiple optical si... | 12/16/2008 |
| 7460789 | Optical transmission system and method of controlling optical transmission system A control method, which is applicable to a variety of network configurations, controls an optical transmission system to determine optimum optical input power to a transmission path for increased optical transmission quality. The optical transmission system has term... | 12/02/2008 |
| 7457546 | Dispersion-managed optical transmission system An optical transmission system that alleviates waveform distortions due to nonlinear effects in fibers. A transmitter sends WDM signals to a receiver over a dispersion-managed optical transmission line with in-line optical repeaters. The transmission line is divided... | 11/25/2008 |