A self defense weapon formed as a memo pad and which is easily held by a person's fingers, therefore making it possible to provide protection from a mugger and also to quickly and easily write a record or a message without failure of missing or forgetting significant information under a stressful situation.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7542673 | Fault localization apparatus for optical line in wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network A fault localization apparatus for an optical line in a wavelength division multiplexed passive optical network is disclosed. The apparatus can detect light loss and fault positions as a channel exhibiting an abnormal receiving state of signals received by each of t... | 06/02/2009 |
| 7529480 | Method and system for light path monitoring in an optical communication network A method for monitoring lightpaths in an optical network comprising nodes interconnected by wavelength-multiplexed links is disclosed. Each lightpath is identified by a respective optical signature. A node stores identifiers of optical signatures of lightpaths desig... | 05/05/2009 |
| 7522835 | Method of testing bit error rates for a wavelength division multiplexed optical communication system In a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical communication system having optical transmitters and receivers communicating via a optical channels, the bit error rate (BER) for the optical channels is tested simultaneously by performing a BER measurement for the... | 04/21/2009 |
| 7440700 | Apparatus for testing performance of optical transceiver Provided is an apparatus for testing the performance of an optical transceiver by referencing various performance clocks provided by an OTU2 signal connection transceiver and an STM-64/OC-192 signal. The apparatus for testing performance of an optical transceiver in... | 10/21/2008 |
| 7426347 | Shared optical performance monitoring An apparatus for shared optical performance monitoring (OPM) is provided. A wavelength sensitive device receives light at an input port and routes it wavelength selectively to a set of output ports. To perform optical performance monitoring on the output ports, a mo... | 09/16/2008 |
| 7400829 | Transmission apparatus and path selection method of a transmission apparatus A transmission apparatus that receives an optical signal by selecting any one of a plurality of provided optical signal transmission paths through protection control is configured to include a plurality of optical signal outputting sections that output the optical s... | 07/15/2008 |
| 7359647 | Method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving power over optical fiber A method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving power over optical fiber is disclosed. In particular, a power over fiber system in which an optical network transmits electrical power via an optical signal and is also transmits data within the optical network a... | 04/15/2008 |
| 7352966 | Method and apparatus for capacity-efficient restoration in an optical communication system A method and system provide capacity-efficient restoration within an optical fiber communication system. The system includes a plurality of nodes each interconnected by optical fibers. Each optical fiber connection between nodes includes at least three channel group... | 04/01/2008 |
| 7340186 | Discrimination phase margin monitor circuit, transmitting/receiving device and communication system The discrimination phase margin monitor circuit (10) of the present invention comprises a first discrimination circuit (11 and 12) discriminating an input data signal using a clock signal extracted from the input data signal, a second discrimina... | 03/04/2008 |
| 7340170 | Wavelength-division multiplexed self-healing passive optical network A wavelength-division multiplexed self-healing passive optical network is capable of detecting cut-off and deterioration of feeder fiber and distribution fiber and restoring a network with a star structure. The network includes a central office, a remote node, and a... | 03/04/2008 |
| 7339341 | Surgical camera robot The present invention is a miniature camera robot which can be placed entirely within an open space such as an abdominal cavity. The instant camera robot has pan and tilt capabilities, an adjustable focus camera, and a support component for supporting the robot body... | 03/04/2008 |
| 7324048 | Wavelength division multiplexing methods and apparatus for constructing photonic beamforming networks Methods and apparatus for constructing phased array antenna beamforming networks are provided, that allow to scan multiple beams and select appropriate sets of delay lines simultaneously. The beamforming networks disclosed herein generate less losses than convention... | 01/29/2008 |
| 7283740 | Optical ring network with optical subnets and method An optical network includes a plurality of subnets. The subnets each include a plurality of add/drop nodes coupled to the optical ring and operable to passively add and drop traffic to and from the optical ring. The network further includes a plurality of gateway no... | 10/16/2007 |
| 7283742 | Optical signal judging system and optical signal judging method An optical signal judging system for judging an optical signal outputted from an optical switch the selectively outputs any one of input optical signals, comprises: a converting unit converting at least two optical signals branching off from an optical signal source... | 10/16/2007 |
| 7283739 | Multiple subnets in an optical ring network and method An optical network includes an optical ring and at least three subnets. Each subnet includes a plurality of add/drop nodes coupled to the optical ring. The add/drop nodes are operable to passively add a first traffic stream in a first direction on the optical ring a... | 10/16/2007 |
| 7266269 | Power harvesting A power harvesting module comprises at least one electromagnetic (EM) radiation intensity modulator configured to receive a first EM radiation from at least one source and at least one energy converter configured to at least partially convert the energy of the first... | 09/04/2007 |
| 7242862 | Network diagnostic tool for an optical transport network A network diagnostic system is provided for an optical transport network having a plurality of network elements. The network diagnostic system includes at least one network element having a network diagnostic operation integrated therein and operable to perform the ... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7242860 | Optical protection switching using 2 by 2 switching functions A network is protected against interruption of service while one or more faulty switches or optical fiber transmission lines are repaired or replaced, by an interconnecting configuration of small N×N optical input/output switches, where N is 2 or greater than 2. Th... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7212739 | Protection switching arrangement for an optical switching system A protection arrangement for an optical switching system includes protection switching for switch planes in the optical core and for ports in the tributary cards. For a multiple layer switch core protection is also provided between layers. A first layer is for switc... | 05/01/2007 |
| 7190442 | Method of evaluating fiber PMD using POTDR trace A method for screening fiber polarization mode dispersion using a polarization optical time domain reflectometer is disclosed. A pulse radiation is emitted into an end of the fiber under test, and the backscattered radiation is measured by the POTDR and used to obta... | 03/13/2007 |
| 7184660 | Method and system for monitoring performance of optical network The invention describes methods and systems for monitoring the performance of an optical network by marking a group of optical signals with a set of identification tags which are unique to network characteristics. In the preferred embodiments, fiber identification (... | 02/27/2007 |
| 7164469 | Method of evaluating fiber PMD using composite POTDR trace A method for screening fiber polarization mode dispersion using a polarization optical time domain reflectometer. A pulse radiation is emitted into the fiber under test, and the backscattered radiation is measured by the POTDR and used to obtain a POTDR trace. A com... | 01/16/2007 |
| 7155123 | Method and apparatus for locating faults in an optical network Method and apparatus for fault localization in an optical network using time trend correlation of end node performance parameters and intermediate node performance parameters, such as QoS and quasi-Q factors, respectively. The method and apparatus are bit-rate and p... | 12/26/2006 |
| 7149425 | Monitoring system for an optical transmitter Certain embodiments of the present invention provide a monitoring system configured to monitor output wavelengths, power, and channel switching of tunable lasers employed in an optical transmitter and provide feedback to those lasers, e.g., to lock on the wavelength... | 12/12/2006 |
| 7139455 | Electronically controllable arrayed waveguide gratings Electronically controllable arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) with integrated phase error compensation for each individual arm of the array of waveguides. These AWGs and associated methods for static and dynamic phase compensation enable the fabrication of tunable A... | 11/21/2006 |
| 7082266 | Optical filter and apparatus and method for monitoring optical channel using the optical filter An apparatus and method for analyzing the spectrum of a wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical signal, in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical transmission systems, are provided. An optical filter includes an input unit for receiving a wavelength di... | 07/25/2006 |
| 7079771 | Wavelength multiplexing transmission apparatus and wavelength demultiplexing reception apparatus The invention provides a wavelength multiplexing transmission apparatus includes a plurality of optical signal outputting sections for outputting optical signals having different wavelengths from each other, and a wavelength multiplexing section for wavelength multi... | 07/18/2006 |
| 7076176 | Optical signal receiver and optical space transmission system An optical signal receiver comprising an opto-electric converter for converting an optical signal transmitted from a remotely opposed transmitter into an electric signal, a reproduction circuit for reproducing a data signal from an output of the opto-electric conver... | 07/11/2006 |
| 7068931 | Alarm control system and method An alarm control method allowing easy localization of a failure in an optical communications network is disclosed. An optical signal from a signal transmitter is monitored to produce an alarm information signal indicating whether the optical signal is normally input... | 06/27/2006 |
| 7054558 | Method for traffic protection in WDM fiber optic transport networks A method for the protection of fiber optic ring-shaped transport networks, the networks including network elements connected by spans, optical paths being installed between the network elements, the method including the steps of providing each network element with i... | 05/30/2006 |
| 7041959 | System and method for monitoring the performance of dense wavelength division multiplexing optical communications systems A system and method for monitoring all the characteristic parameters of a DWDM communication system is implemented with two variants. Firstly, this is achieved by means of a specific grating spectrometer displaying a high resolution and a high-speed sampling of the ... | 05/09/2006 |
| 7035544 | Identification of related communications channels in a wavelength division multiplexed optical network Channels in an optical network that carry optical signals are evaluated using signal characteristics and suitable channels are compared to identify the channels that represent a single conversation using matching criteria. In another aspect, only channels that carry... | 04/25/2006 |
| 7031606 | Method and system for monitoring performance of optical network The invention describes methods and systems for monitoring the performance of an optical network by introducing a fiber identification (FID) tag and/or bundle identification (BID) tag which are unique to the fiber section and to the bundle of fibers respectively. Th... | 04/18/2006 |
| 7031049 | Loss point detecting method and distributed raman amplifier applying the same Power of scattered light separated from an optical transmission path is monitored, part of the excitation light is separated and power thereof is monitored, power of reflected light which passes in a direction opposite to a direction in which signal light passes thr... | 04/18/2006 |
| 7020092 | Method for channel adjustment of transmission signal power in a wavelength division multiplexing transmission system For exact level balancing or signal-to-noise ratio balancing of received signals in a wave-length-division multiplex transmission system, the associated transmitted signal power levels are adjusted. If the maximum permissible dynamic range is exceeded, the individua... | 03/28/2006 |
| 7016610 | Self-adjusting optical add-drop multiplexer and optical networks using same A self-adjusting optical add-drop multiplexer monitors the power in a drop signal and attenuates the power in an add signal to match the power in express WDM channels (signals). When used in a fiber network, and more particularly, in a metro network, the deleterious... | 03/21/2006 |
| 7006765 | Optical network monitor An optical network monitor and a method for monitoring the optical signals of an optical network including a spectrograph that includes a detector array, a processor and outputs. The network monitor receives an optical input signal which includes individual channels... | 02/28/2006 |
| 6999677 | Protection switching arrangement for an optical switching system A protection arrangement for an optical switching system includes protection switching for switch planes in the optical core and for ports in the tributary cards. For a multiple layer switch core protection is also provided between layers. A first layer is for switc... | 02/14/2006 |
| 6980736 | Verification of path integrity in optical switch network To verify the integrity of optical paths through and among optical switches, optical signals are provided with co-propagating supplemental signals. The supplemental signals preferably have at least one characteristic which allows distinguishing one supplemental sign... | 12/27/2005 |
| 6965736 | Method for monitoring the transmission quality of an optical transmission system, in particular of an optical wavelength-division multiplex network A method for monitoring the transmission quality of an optical transmission system, such as, for example, an optical wavelength division-multiplex network. An amplitude histogram of an optical signal (transmission signal) transmitted over the transmission system may... | 11/15/2005 |