A self defense weapon formed as a memo pad and which is easily held by a person's fingers, therefore making it possible to provide protection from a mugger and also to quickly and easily write a record or a message without failure of missing or forgetting significant information under a stressful situation.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8189721 | Channel estimation apparatus and method for the same A channel estimation apparatus and a method for the same are provided. The channel estimation apparatus includes a preamble buffer unit, a gain adjusting unit, a demodulation unit, and an estimation unit. The preamble buffer unit receives and temporarily stores a pl... | 05/29/2012 |
| 8170157 | Low jitter communication system The communication system having a transmitter and a receiver, wherein the transmitter and the receiver are coupled by a clock channel and a data channel, wherein the clock channel is shorter than the data channel and wherein the receiver comprises a delay circuit fo... | 05/01/2012 |
| 8165250 | Automatic gain control device, signal receiving apparatus, and signal receiving method An apparatus and method of receiving signal are provided. The apparatus includes an amplifier that controls a gain according to a gain control signal and amplifies a received signal to generate an amplified signal, an analog-to-digital (A/D) converter that converts ... | 04/24/2012 |
| 8160186 | Variable bandwidth automatic gain control Provided is automatic gain control (AGC) in which a feedback filter has a parameter that is changed based on information regarding data-packet boundaries. In one representative embodiment, the bandwidth of the filter temporarily is increased, or the time constant of... | 04/17/2012 |
| 8149965 | Level sensitive packet detector An packet detection controller accepts an input from an AGC controller which indicates the presence of an increased signal energy and also completion of an AGC process and generates an output to suspend the AGC process. The packet detection controller also receives ... | 04/03/2012 |
| 8149964 | Symbol scaling with automatic gain control for wireless communication Techniques for scaling symbols to account for large abrupt changes in received power at a user equipment (UE) are described. The UE performs AGC on received samples to obtain input samples. The UE processes (e.g., CDMA demodulates) the input samples to obtain first ... | 04/03/2012 |
| 8149967 | Combined dual feed-forward and feedback analog and digital automatic gain control for broadband communication An embodiment is a method and apparatus to process an input signal. An analog automatic gain control (AGC) processor controls an analog adjustable gain of the input signal using a feedback mechanism. The analog AGC processor generates a first signal. A processing ci... | 04/03/2012 |
| 8149966 | Packet acquisition controller with signal strength threshold control for wireless MIMO receiver An packet detection controller accepts an input from an AGC controller which indicates the presence of an increased signal energy and also completion of an AGC process and generates an output to suspend the AGC process. The packet detection controller also receives ... | 04/03/2012 |
| 8126094 | Circuits, systems, and methods for managing automatic gain control in quadrature signal paths of a receiver A system provides closed-loop gain control in a WCDMA mode and open loop control in an EDGE/GSM mode. Gain control is distributed across analog devices and a digital scaler in a wireless receiver. In the WCDMA mode, a loop filter generates an error signal that is fo... | 02/28/2012 |
| 8126093 | Method and system for process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) correction Certain embodiments of the invention may be found in a method and system for process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) correction. The method may comprise first determining an input voltage of a transistor coupled in an inphase (I) path of a receiver and an input volt... | 02/28/2012 |
| 8116413 | Signal level adjuster with incremental gain adjustments, for RF communication equipment A signal level adjusting device (AD), for RF communication equipment arranged to received primary RF signals, comprises i) a tuner (TU) comprising a gain control means (SI,R), arranged to define a first or second digital command signal respectively each time it rece... | 02/14/2012 |
| 8107565 | Automatic gain control (AGC) for OFDM-based transmission in a wireless communication network Techniques for performing automatic gain control (AGC) at a receiver are described. The receiver may receive an OFDM-based symbol composed of a cyclic prefix and a useful portion. The receiver may scale the OFDM-based symbol with an initial receiver gain, adjust the... | 01/31/2012 |
| 8102953 | Method and system for calibrating a plurality of modules in a communication system A method and system for calibrating a plurality of modules in a communication system is provided. The method may include selecting a plurality of modules with at least one output signal and calibrating an amplitude of each selected module to be within a specified ra... | 01/24/2012 |
| 8090062 | Process for packet detection An packet detection controller accepts an input from an AGC controller which indicates the presence of an increased signal energy and also completion of an AGC process and generates an output to suspend the AGC process. The packet detection controller also receives ... | 01/03/2012 |
| 8090061 | AGC control for MIMO systems An AGC control unit coordinates AGC gain changes between individual receive chains included within a MIMO receiver block. Coordinated AGC gain changes reduce time periods of unaligned MIMO data produced by the receive chains. Reducing the unaligned data periods adva... | 01/03/2012 |
| 8081720 | System and method for controlling gain and timing phase in a presence of a first least mean square filter using a second adaptive filter A communication system includes a variable gain amplifier (VGA) that receives an input signal. An analog-to-digital converter (ADC) receives an output of the VGA. A first filter responsive to an output of the ADC, the first filter includes N tap weight coefficients.... | 12/20/2011 |
| 8077816 | Fast predictive automatic gain control for dynamic range reduction in wireless communication receiver A method of fast predictive automatic gain control is disclosed including estimating channel gain applied to a received signal, predicting channel gain at a subsequent time by applying temporal correlation statistics to the estimated channel gain, determining a pred... | 12/13/2011 |
| 8077815 | System and method for processing multi-channel digital audio signals A system and method for processing multi-channel audio signals is described herein. In one embodiment, the system includes a phase detector to determine, for a frequency band, a phase difference between first and second channel signals of the multi-channel digital a... | 12/13/2011 |
| 8073085 | Analog to digital converter bit width and gain controller for a wireless receiver A gain controller for a wireless communication system sets the receiver gain during the initial time duration of a preamble, and for each subsequent symbol computes a new gain value, which is applied at the end of each symbol. An analog to digital converter resoluti... | 12/06/2011 |
| 8050367 | Receiving amplitude correction circuit, receiving amplitude correction method, and receiver using the same Input average levels and output average levels of digital channel filters 217 and 218 are computed in amplitude calculation circuits 101 and 102. In a gain difference calculation circuit 103, a gain difference of the input levels a... | 11/01/2011 |
| 8045659 | OFDM receiver and its automatic gain control circuit An OFDM receiver includes: a variable gain amplifier controlling a signal level of an intermediate frequency signal that is obtained from a reception signal by frequency-conversion; and an automatic gain controller controlling a gain of the variable gain amplifier m... | 10/25/2011 |
| 8036324 | Digital broadcasting receiving apparatus A digital broadcasting receiving apparatus has a signal level detecting circuit; a peak detecting section; an abnormal peak deciding section; a specified peak deciding section; a prescribed in-band power deciding section; and makes a decision as to whether a signal ... | 10/11/2011 |
| 8027416 | Structure for data communications systems A machine-readable medium thereupon stored a design structure; the design structure includes a receiver for a data communications system. The receiver includes a data path for receiving a data signal from a data channel, the data path comprising an automatic gain co... | 09/27/2011 |
| 8027415 | Data communications systems A receiver for a data communications system comprises: a data path for receiving a data signal from a data channel, the data path comprising an automatic gain control (AGC) loop; and, a signal detector for generating a data valid signal indicative of the validity of... | 09/27/2011 |
| 8023598 | Automatic gain control method and apparatus for wireless communication systems A system and method are provided for automatic gain control (AGC) using an adaptive reference and a threshold. An adaptive reference allows for adjusting the target power based on variations in operating parameters and conditions, such as a change to a modulation sc... | 09/20/2011 |
| 8019027 | Digital broadcasting receiver A digital broadcasting receiver includes: a variable gain amplifier for amplifying an electric wave received through an antenna, a gain of the variable gain amplifier being made variable in accordance with a signal from the outside; a distributor for distributing th... | 09/13/2011 |
| 8009776 | Television reciever with automatic gain control (AGC) A radio frequency (RF) signal is attenuated using first (220) and second (241) attenuation elements. In one embodiment an initial overall attenuation of the RF signal is set using both the first (220) and second (241) attenuation elements... | 08/30/2011 |
| 7995684 | Method and apparatus for automatic gain control of a multi-carrier signal in a communication receiver A receiver operates to AGC a multi-carrier signal through a corresponding number of inner loops and an outer loop AGC processes. A first number of bits for representing the multi-carrier signal with a limited amount of interference is determined through a calibratio... | 08/09/2011 |
| 7991085 | Early energy measurement In a described implementation of early energy measurement, a wireless device adjusts a receiver gain during each current symbol time responsive to a signal energy level measured in a previous symbol time. ... | 08/02/2011 |
| 7991087 | Automatic gain control with out of band blocking signal compensation One embodiment of the present subject matter includes a method of receiving an input signal. The method, in various embodiments, includes detecting a peak of the input signal and detecting an envelope of the input signal. In various embodiments, the peak and envelop... | 08/02/2011 |
| 7991086 | System and method for improved carrier recovery A system and method for carrier recovery includes a plurality of carrier recovery modules, each processing the same input symbols, and each having a gain input and an error output. A loop gain control receives errors from the carrier recovery modules and provides ga... | 08/02/2011 |
| 7983365 | Automatically setting an operative state of a wideband amplifier A multi-channel receiver (200) comprises: an input (111) for receiving a wideband signal potentially comprising multiple channels, a tuner stage (110), a wideband amplifier (201) connected between the input (111) and the tuner (... | 07/19/2011 |
| 7978795 | Fast automatic gain control An apparatus comprising a slicer configured to produce a symbol decision value and a symbol error value utilizing, at least in part, a slicer input signal; and an automatic gain controller configured to facilitate the automatic control of a gain applied to the slice... | 07/12/2011 |
| 7978794 | Front-end for digital video receiver and method for automatic gain control thereof A method for automatic gain control of a front-end for a digital video receiver is provided. The method includes the following steps. First, a radio frequency signal is received and converted to an intermediate frequency signal. Then, the IF signal is amplified acco... | 07/12/2011 |
| 7970084 | Communications adaptive automatic gain controller An adaptive scaling processor operates in combination with a conventional automatic gain control controller providing an amplification gain A to m-ary symbol-modulated communication signals, the scaling processor scaling by a scaling factor Z the m-ary communication... | 06/28/2011 |
| 7961822 | Setting a transmission power level for a mobile unit A spread signal is produced having an adjustable spread spectrum. A data signal is provided for transmission. The data signal is processed to have a first spread spectrum. The processed first spread spectrum data signal is filtered to have one out of a plurality of ... | 06/14/2011 |
| 7961821 | Communication semiconductor integrated circuit, radio communication system, and adjustment method of gain and offset A D.C. offset canceling and gain adjusting techniques permitting completion of correction of D.C. offsets and gain adjustment of amplifiers for amplifying reception signals in a radio communication system are provided. A communication semiconductor integrated circui... | 06/14/2011 |
| 7953192 | Receiver with fast gain control and digital signal processing unit with transient signal compensation Embodiments of the present general inventive concept relate to a transient signal compensator for apparatuses such as a transceiver or receiver used in a wire/wireless communication and/or a digital signal processor that may be used in the receiver and methods there... | 05/31/2011 |
| 7953191 | Gain control method and device for a bursty data frame reception system The gain control method for the RF and IF amplification stages of a bursty data frame reception system enables, following a step for evaluating the received signal strength, the gain adjustment step of the RF amplification stage to be temporarily deferred until a fr... | 05/31/2011 |
| 7936850 | Method and apparatus for providing a digital automatic gain control (AGC) A method and apparatus for providing a digital automatic gain control (AGC) for a radio-frequency (RF) receiver. The receiver comprises a logarithmic analog-to-digital converter for sampling the analog RF signals, a FIR filter for filtering the digitized signals, a ... | 05/03/2011 |