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"I watched his countenance closely, to see if he was not deranged ... and I was assured by other senators after he left the room that they had no confidence in it."
U.S. Senator Smith of Indiana ; After seeing Samuel Morse demonstrate the telegraph.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8179141 | Method and device for measuring the conductivity of a pure or ultrapure liquid The invention relates to a method of measuring the conductivity of a pure or ultrapure liquid, notably water, using electrodes, characterized in that it consists in determining the conductivity by modeling the liquid in the form of an equivalent electrical circuit d... | 05/15/2012 |
| 7372005 | Water storage device having a powered anode A water heater having a powered electrode and a method of controlling the water heater. The water heater includes a tank to hold water, a heating element, an electrode, and a control circuit. The control circuit includes a variable voltage supply, a voltage sensor, ... | 05/13/2008 |
| 7291502 | Method for performing a non-invasive blood gas test A non-invasive blood gas test is carried out by a method that utilizes a venous blood sample together with a pulse oximeter and a plurality of mathematical equations. The method generates the following data points of the blood: (i) the pH level; (ii) the [H+] concen... | 11/06/2007 |
| 7203605 | Flow sensing in multiple conduits A method of obtaining a plurality of measures of quantity of a substance flowing through a respective plurality of conduits is disclosed, wherein each of the conduits is supplied from an upstream common source location. An improved series of measurements are derived... | 04/10/2007 |
| 7169289 | Electrochemical detection method and device A device for the electrochemical detection of at least one biochemical molecule contained in a liquid from a group of predetermined biochemical molecules includes a holder (1) for taking up the liquid, with at least one reference electrode (RE) and at least o... | 01/30/2007 |
| 7126343 | Conductivity probe with toroid keeper An apparatus and associated process for constructing a conductivity probe are disclosed. The conductivity probe includes at least two magnetic circuits in toroidal shape. Each of these “toroids” includes a ferrite core around which is wrapped a conductive wire (... | 10/24/2006 |
| 7109853 | System for detecting and releasing a person locked in the trunk of a vehicle A vehicle safety system automatically detects the presence of a person sealed in the trunk of an automobile by sensing the CO2 respiration of the person. Visible, audio and radio alarms are generated in response to the detection of a person in the trunk. ... | 09/19/2006 |
| 7106067 | Calibration plug for invasive and non-invasive electrodeless conductivity sensors and methods of using the same calibration plug A calibration plug provides resistance simulation for calibrating toroidal conductivity sensors. This calibration plug includes a resistive element of predetermined electrical resistance coupled in series between electrical leads which may be engaged with a circuit ... | 09/12/2006 |
| 7078909 | Flow-through conductivity sensor An improved flow-through conductivity sensor is provided. The sensor includes a current return path that has a current return conductor. At least one toroid of the sensor is removed from the flow path and configured to interact with the current return conductor to p... | 07/18/2006 |
| 7043402 | On-line oil condition sensor system for rotating and reciprocating machinery An on-line sensing system and method for monitoring in real-time thermal-oxidative breakdown, water contamination, and/or fuel dilution conditions in operational engine lubricating oils. The method of the invention includes an electrochemical impedance analysis tech... | 05/09/2006 |
| 7030627 | Wideband complex radio frequency impedance measurement Impedance of an unknown load is determined by applying a reference signal from a signal generator through a multi-position switch to the unknown load, a first known calibration impedance, and second known impedance, which can be an open circuit, while measuring the ... | 04/18/2006 |
| 6984993 | Method and apparatus for making high-precision measurements A method and apparatus for measuring a predetermined parameter, by providing a displaceable sensor on a mounting member such that the displaceable sensor changes in location, form or length with respect to the mounting member in accordance with the predetermined par... | 01/10/2006 |
| 6971330 | Method of and an apparatus for somatic cell count Method of somatic cell count in milk from animals, and an apparatus therefore enabling individual somatic cell count for milk from each teat, i.e. udder quarter, by connecting a teatcup to a first teat, taking a sample of the total milk for the first teat when the f... | 12/06/2005 |
| 6864687 | Electrostatic sensor device and matrix A system for electrostatically measuring the shape or pattern of objects including an array of sensor devices having the capability of responding, due to variable electrostatic coupling, to produce differentiated output signals when a sensor element forming part of ... | 03/08/2005 |
| 6809508 | Detection circuitry for surgical handpiece system Various circuit configurations for use in switch assembly used in a surgical hand piece system are provided. The circuit configuration provide a number of functions such as permitting the presence and direction of conductivity to be detected. The circuit configurati... | 10/26/2004 |
| 6646443 | Ion concentration meter Two conductivity measuring cells each having at least two electrodes are arranged in series in a flow path of a sample to be measured so that the sample may make contact with the cells in sequence. A difference conductivity meter produces the difference b... | 11/11/2003 |
| 6414493 | Toroid conductivity sensor A inductive conductivity sensor for measuring conductivity of a fluid includes a housing supporting a controlled impedance loop and a transducer. The transducer includes a driver for inducing a first current into the fluid adjacent the housing, and for in... | 07/02/2002 |
| 6404204 | Sensor and sensor system for liquid conductivity, temperature and depth Liquid conductivity and temperature are measured in respective sensitivity fields that are collocated--i. e., in volumes that nearly match by mathematical, geometrical, or functional criteria. Collocation is as distinct from mere adjacency or proximity; a... | 06/11/2002 |
| 6232786 | Apparatus and method for measuring conductivity An improved apparatus for measuring conductivity or resistivity compensates for series capacitance and parallel capacitance. A sine wave excitation potential is applied to the series combination of a reference resistance and a conductivity cell. The volta... | 05/15/2001 |
| 6071998 | Polyhydroxyalkanoate molding compositions Molding compositions including polyhydroxyalkanoates are provided. The use of polyhydroxyalkanoates as a binder in molding compositions provides improved binder removal in the finished molded product, and offers a wide range of physical properties suitabl... | 06/06/2000 |
| 5708363 | Liquid conductivity measurement system using a variable-frequency AC voltage A liquid conductivity measurement system is disclosed that accurately measures a liquid's conductivity over a range spanning at least several orders of magnitude using just a single sensor, but minimizing the adverse effects of capacitive and other non-li... | 01/13/1998 |
| 5504430 | Method and apparatus of conductivity measurement The present invention relates to a method for measuring conductivity, in particular for use in liquid chromatography systems, and to a device for performing such measurement. In one aspect it provides a method of measuring conductivity in liquids, compris... | 04/02/1996 |
| 5439644 | Apparatus for the registration of the contents of humidity and acid in a coolant An apparatus for the registration of the humidity and acid content of a refrigerant or another non-polar liquid including a capacitive sensing element placed in the refrigerant or liquid and connected to an electrical evaluation circuit, the electrodes of... | 08/08/1995 |
| 5363695 | Leak detection system and method for detecting and measuring liquid leaks A system and method for detecting leaks in a storage tank that includes a stored tank liquid and an immiscible test liquid, and there is an interface formed between the tank liquid and the test liquid. The system includes a transducer and electronic devic... | 11/15/1994 |
| 5334940 | Methods and circuits for measuring the conductivity of solutions Improved circuits for measuring the conductivity of a solution confined between two electrodes in a cell compensate for series capacitance and parallel capacitance between the electrodes. A bipolar square-wave signal is applied to the cell. In one embodim... | 08/02/1994 |
| 5270663 | Apparatus for detecting a liquid mixing ratio A liquid mixing ratio detecting apparatus is designed so that an oscillation voltage generated by an oscillation unit is applied to one of a differentiating circuit and an integrating circuit, which is constituted by a combination of a capacitor composed ... | 12/14/1993 |
| 5260663 | Methods and circuits for measuring the conductivity of solutions Improved circuits for measuring the conductivity of a solution confined between two electrodes in a cell compensate for series capacitance and parallel capacitance between the electrodes. A bipolar square-wave signal is applied to the cell. In one embodim... | 11/09/1993 |
| 5003267 | Measuring electrical impedance of low conductivity samples to monitor microbial growth Apparatus for measuring the electrical impedance of low conductivity samples, and particularly microbial suspensions, has a coil surrounding a tubular sample container. A capacitive pick-up on the sample wall provides an input to a variable gain amplifier... | 03/26/1991 |
| 4875646 | Aircraft navigation systems A navigation system for an aircraft fitted with an autopilot, the system comprising at least one ground-based transmitter (2), receiver means (7,8) mounted in the aircraft and including two antenna (5,6) oriented such that their polar diagrams overlap and... | 10/24/1989 |
| 4875940 | Massecuite supersaturation monitor The invention provides an apparatus for controlling both the supersaturation of the mother liquor and the crystal content of massecuite by measuring di-electric constant and electrical conductivity at radio frequencies by means of a probe which is include... | 10/24/1989 |
| 4851818 | Electronic controller for a water purifying unit An analog ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) circuit has a power control section, a conductivity filter testing section, a light emitting diode (LED) driving section, and a bias section. The LED driving section is responsive to the conductivit... | 07/25/1989 |
| 4849098 | Continuous water quality monitor An automatic monitor for potable water quality which monitors total dissolved solids (TDS) in drinking water. Built into a faucet base are a pair of indicators in the form of one green and one red LED. A sensor in the form of a pair of spaced electrodes e... | 07/18/1989 |
| 4843325 | Complementary sensing device for minimizing the effects of common mode voltages An apparatus and method are provided for reducing the effects that common mode currents and/or voltages have on the measurements made by instrumentation that senses physical phenomena. The apparatus includes a cell having a first sensor, a second sensor a... | 06/27/1989 |
| 4825168 | Remote conductivity sensor using square wave excitation A liquid conductivity sensor which features simply and inexpensively driving the excitation transformer of a two-transformer/fluid-loop remote conductivity sensor with a square wave excitation signal provided by a digital timer and a flip-flop. Also discl... | 04/25/1989 |
| 4808930 | Technique of compensating for capacitive effects in conductivity measurements Improved accuracy in solution conductivity or resistivity measurment uses a center-sampling technique in which an AC drive is applied to a conductivity cell and the conductivity cell voltage is sampled during a predetermined time interval in the center of... | 02/28/1989 |
| 4806912 | Monitoring system for a liquid purification system A system for monitoring the operation of a water purification system of the type having an inline membrane includes a first conductivity measurement cell located upline of the membrane and a second conductivity measurement cell located downline of the mem... | 02/21/1989 |
| 4740755 | Remote conductivity sensor having transformer coupling in fluid flow path A cell for remotely sensing conductivity of a fluid passing through it, the cell having an inlet and an outlet and two fluid paths between the two, thereby defining a fluid loop, an excitation transformer comprising a first toroidal core having a hole thr... | 04/26/1988 |
| 4701713 | Oil and fuel contamination monitoring system A contamination monitoring system is disclosed wherein a low frequency alternating current signal is applied to a remotely mounted probe in the liquid being monitored for contamination. A fixed resistor located at the probe is electrically in parallel wit... | 10/20/1987 |
| 4683435 | Circuit for compensating non-linearities in electrolyte conductivity measurement system A circuit for measurement of the conductance of an electrolyte cell is disclosed which features compensation for non-linearities produced by resistance in series with the resistance of the cell and for non-linearities caused by polarization of the cell du... | 07/28/1987 |
| 4585996 | Instrument for measuring electrical conductivity of a liquid An instrument for measuring electrical conductivity of a liquid comprises a two-electrode probe for insertion into the liquid. A triangular waveform generator (IC4 and IC5) impresses a voltage of fixed amplitude on one electrode of the probe by means of d... | 04/29/1986 |
