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"Rail travel at high speeds is not possible because passengers, unable to breathe, would die of asphyxia."
Dionysius Lardner, Professor of Natural Philosophy and Astronomy at University College, London ; 1830
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 6437482 | Piezoelectric resonator A piezoelectric resonator using a thickness extensional vibration mode, comprises a vibrator portion made up of two or more layers of piezoelectric thin-films where the piezoelectric thin-films and a plurality of insulating thin films are alternately lami... | 08/20/2002 |
| 6424081 | Electronic device including langasite structure compounds and method for making same An electronic device includes a piezoelectric layer formed of an ordered Langasite structure compound having the formula A3 BC3 D2 E14, wherein A is calcium, B is niobium or tantalum, C is gallium, D is silicon,... | 07/23/2002 |
| 6420818 | Electroacoustic transducer An electroacoustic transducer includes a diaphragm including a substantially rectangular metal plate and a substantially rectangular piezoelectric plate having electrodes on an upper surface and a lower surface thereof, with one of the electrodes being co... | 07/16/2002 |
| 6420819 | Packaged strain actuator A modular actuator assembly includes one or more plates or elements of electro-active material bonded to an electroded sheet, preferably by a structural polymer to form a card. The card is sealed, and may itself constitute a practical device, such as a va... | 07/16/2002 |
| 6411015 | Multiple piezoelectric transducer array A multiple transducer array structure comprises a single piezoelectric film material having a plurality of alternately shaped concave and convex regions and responsive to an energy signal incident thereon, the alternating concave and convex regions each h... | 06/25/2002 |
| 6411013 | Microactuator array with integrally formed package A microactuator array with an integrally formed package is disclosed. Because the package is made from the same material and at the same time as the actuator itself, no extra time or cost is associated with packaging. In addition, it is contemplated that ... | 06/25/2002 |
| 6404109 | Piezoelectric/electrostrictive device having increased strength A piezoelectric/electrostrictive device including a pair of mutually opposing thin plate sections, a movable section, and a fixation section for supporting the thin plate sections and the movable section. At least one piezoelectric/electrostrictive elemen... | 06/11/2002 |
| 6404107 | Packaged strain actuator A modular actuator assembly includes one or more plates or elements of electro-active material bonded to an electroded sheet, preferably by a structural polymer to form a card. The card is sealed, and may itself constitute a practical device, such as a va... | 06/11/2002 |
| 6404108 | Piezoelectric actuator A piezoelectric actuator includes a main driver electrode 4 and a sensor electrode 5. A feedback signal is generated from the sensor electrode 5 in order to eliminate a primary vibration mode due to a primary resonance frequency. The main driver electrode... | 06/11/2002 |
| 6404106 | Pressure tolerant transducer This invention concerns a transducer comprising a layer of active material and a backing plate (110). The backing plate (110) has first and second major surfaces. A layer (111) of active material is affixed to the first surface. The transducer also includ... | 06/11/2002 |
| 6396196 | Piezoelectric device A piezoelectric device (1) includes an at least locally thin-walled ceramic substrate (2) and at least one piezoelectric transducer (3) formed on the thin-walled region (2a) of the substrate. The transducer (3) is film-shaped and has a convex shape to pro... | 05/28/2002 |
| 6396197 | Piezoelectric speaker A piezoelectric speaker is disclosed, comprising an elastic base, a piezoelectric material bender, and an acoustical linkage mounted to both the elastic base and the bender and serving to interconnect the elastic base and the bender. The acoustical linkag... | 05/28/2002 |
| 6376967 | Inertial/audio unit and construction An electrically driven signal unit is adapted for one-step assembly or injection molding with a device housing to vibrate, flex, beep or emit audio signals, or to sense and provide tactile feedback or control. The signal unit is a package with one or more... | 04/23/2002 |
| 6359374 | Miniature electrical relays using a piezoelectric thin film as an actuating element A miniature electrical relay including a piezoelectric actuating element where the piezoelectric actuating element includes a piezoelectric thin-film material sandwiched in between two metal electrode layers that function as piezoelectric electrodes. The ... | 03/19/2002 |
| 6359370 | Piezoelectric multiple degree of freedom actuator A piezoelectric actuator that is capable of providing up to six degrees of positioning freedom. Specifically, the piezoelectric actuator is capable of providing positioning freedom in three linear directions (x, y, z) and three rotary angles ($c;, θ, ... | 03/19/2002 |
| 6356007 | Bi-stable snap over actuator A quick acting bi-stable actuator having a piezoelectric trigger for moving the snap actuator past its snap over equilibrium that includes a stem that is mounted for axial reciprocation in a pair of bearings and a bi-stable snap over actuator centrally at... | 03/12/2002 |
| 6351056 | Piezoelectric/electrostrictive device having mutually opposing thin plate portions A piezoelectric/electrostrictive device including a driving portion, a movable portion, a fixing portion for holding the driving portion and the movable portion, the movable portion being coupled with the fixing portion via the driving portion, and a hole... | 02/26/2002 |
| 6342751 | Piezoelectric/electrostrictive device and production method thereof A piezoelectric/elecrostrictive device comprising a driving portion to be driven by a displacement of a piezoelectric/electrostrictive element, a movable portion to be operated based on drive of the driving portion, and a fixing portion for holding the dr... | 01/29/2002 |
| 6335586 | Piezoelectric/electrostrictive device and production method thereof A piezoelectric/elecrostrictive device comprising a driving portion to be driven by a displacement of a piezoelectric/electrostrictive element, a movable portion to be operated based on a drive of the driving portion, and a fixing portion for holding the ... | 01/01/2002 |
| 6333681 | Piezoelectric/electrostrictive device A piezoelectric/electrostrictive device is disclosed comprising a driving portion to be driven by a displacement of a piezoelectric/electrostrictive element, a movable portion to be operated by a drive of the driving portion, a fixing portion for holding ... | 12/25/2001 |
| 6329740 | Piezoelectric/electrostrictive device and production method thereof A piezoelectric/electrostrictive device includes: a driving portion which is driven by displacement of a piezo-electric/electrostrictive element, a movable portion which operates on the basis of a drive of the driving portion, and a fixed portion for supp... | 12/11/2001 |
| 6328433 | Piezoelectric film element and ink-jet recording head using the same A piezoelectric film element with structural characteristics such that cracks are not generated in the manufacturing of the piezoelectric film and a thicker piezoelectric film is possible without such cracks. The piezoelectric film element includes a disl... | 12/11/2001 |
| 6329741 | Multilayer ceramic piezoelectric laminates with zinc oxide conductors A modification of the traditional unimorph flextensional actuator is provided by replacing the metal shim with an electrically conducting oxide. Comprised of lead zirconate titanate and zinc oxide that is co-sintered, the laminate composite obtains large ... | 12/11/2001 |
| 6323582 | Piezoelectric/Electrostrictive device Provided is a piezoelectric/electrostrictive device comprising a driving portion to be driven by a displacement of a piezoelectric/electrostrictive element, a movable portion to be operated based on a drive of the driving portion, and a fixing portion for... | 11/27/2001 |
| 6323583 | Piezoelectric transducer for incorporation into a module A piezoelectric bending transducer comprises a flat, electrically conductive supporting body having piezoceramic coatings on both sides. Each coating has an inner contact area facing the supporting body and an outer contact area facing away from the suppo... | 11/27/2001 |
| 6323581 | Low component count release mechanism An electrically controlled actuator comprises at least two co-planar blades formed by a U-shaped pressing from a sheet of material. The end of one blade (60) is used as a mounting for the actuator and the end of the other blade (85) is used as an actuatio... | 11/27/2001 |
| 6323580 | Ferroic transducer An interdigitated electrode ferroic transducer includes a film of ferroic material electrically polarized substantially in the plane of the film; and a set of interdigitated electrodes including at least two electrodes spaced from one another on the same ... | 11/27/2001 |
| 6297578 | Piezoelectric/electrostrictive element Disclosed is a piezoelectric/electrostrictive element composed of an actuator section of a uni-morph type comprising a main actuator element including a piezoelectric/electrostrictive layer and a pair of electrodes formed on a first principal surface of t... | 10/02/2001 |
| 6297579 | Electron gun controlled smart structure Disclosed is a method and system for actively controlling the shape of a sheet of electroactive material; the system comprising: one or more electrodes attached to the frontside of the electroactive sheet; a charged particle generator, disposed so as to d... | 10/02/2001 |
| 6297577 | Light controlling apparatus A piezo-electric actuator is rigidly mounted for a portion of one surface and provided with opposing electrodes for application of a bias. Because the mounted portion is constrained from deformation, the piezo-electric actuator deforms in a bending manner... | 10/02/2001 |
| 6291927 | Micromachined two dimensional array of piezoelectrically actuated flextensional transducers A transducer suitable for ultrasonic applications, fluid drop ejection and scanning force microscopy. The transducer comprises a thin piezoelectric ring bonded to a thin fully supported clamped membrane. Voltages applied to said piezoelectric ring excite ... | 09/18/2001 |
| 6285063 | Resonant circuit having a resonant body mechanically oscillated by electrostatic or magnetic forces The resonant circuit has at least one resonant body of a semiconductor material anchored on the surface of a semiconductor substrate, at least one first electrode being arranged at said semiconductor material, and at least one second electrode. The first ... | 09/04/2001 |
| 6281618 | Vibrating gyroscope A vibrating gyroscope includes two planar vibrating plates arranged to oppose each other. The two vibrating plates vibrate under buckling vibration mode and a second-order bending vibration mode which is degenerated with or close to the buckling vibration... | 08/28/2001 |
| 6270202 | Liquid jetting apparatus having a piezoelectric drive element directly bonded to a casing A liquid jetting apparatus has a concave casing having an opened flat face, and a piezoelectric drive element for at least partly sealing the opened flat face to form a liquid reservoir to store a liquid, such as ink. The reservoir has a liquid injection ... | 08/07/2001 |
| 6265811 | Ceramic element, method for producing ceramic element, display device, relay device and capacitor A ceramic element comprises a main actuator element 26 having an anti-ferroelectric film 22 and a pair of electrodes 24a, 24b formed on a first principal surface (front surface) of the anti-ferroelectric film 22, a vibrating section 18 for supporting the ... | 07/24/2001 |
| 6262519 | Method of controlling fluid flow in a microfluidic process A method of controlling fluid flow in a microfluidic process includes the step of providing a piezoelectric pumping apparatus (100) in fluid communications with the microfluidic process such as an ink jet printer and the like. The piezoelectric pumping ap... | 07/17/2001 |
| 6262516 | Parallel plate structure provided with PZT thin-film bimorph and method of fabrication thereof A parallel plate structure (1) is provided with a pair of bimorph piezoelectric elements (2) and prismatic insulation spacers (3) inserted between the piezoelectric elements (2) at the upper and lower ends thereof for cementing the piezoelectric elements ... | 07/17/2001 |
| 6259188 | Piezoelectric vibrational and acoustic alert for a personal communication device An alert apparatus for a personal communication device includes a mechanically prestressed piezoelectric wafer positioned within the personal communication device and an alternating voltage input line coupled at two points of the wafer where polarity is r... | 07/10/2001 |
| 6252334 | Digital control of smart structures Modular control patches including assemblies of sensors and actuators are provided to impart or control vibration of foundation members such as struts in aerospace apparatus. Local digital electronic control means is associated with each control patch ass... | 06/26/2001 |
| 6231013 | Airfoil member with a piezoelectrically actuated servo-flap An airfoil member, especially a rotor blade for a helicopter, includes an airfoil body and a servo-actuated flap tiltably connected to the airfoil body so as to form at least a portion of the trailing edge of the airfoil member. At least one piezoelectric... | 05/15/2001 |
