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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7341102 | Flue gas injection for heavy oil recovery A variety of methods for thermal recovery of natural gas and bitumen from a formation containing the latter. In general, the methods incorporate a series of existing, but previously uncombined technologies. A modified flue gas from the steam generators conventionall... | 03/11/2008 |
| 7285694 | Thermobaric molecular fractionation Systems and methods for converting organic material into commercially viable products, such as burnable low sulfur engine fuels. The system of the present invention includes an anaerobic stripping reactor for processing organic materials into a bio-softened slurry, ... | 10/23/2007 |
| 7279017 | Method for converting heavy oil residuum to a useful fuel A method for enabling the use of heavy oil residuum by conversion to a useful product. The method, in one embodiment, involves the use of a heavy oil residuum which is substantially non flowable. The viscosity of the residuum is reduced by heat or a combination of h... | 10/09/2007 |
| 7067053 | Additives for improving thermal conversion of heavy crude oil A process for upgrading a heavy crude oil includes the steps of providing a heavy crude oil; and exposing the heavy crude oil to residue conversion conditions in the presence of a free radical generator and a hydrogen donor, whereby the free radical generator enhanc... | 06/27/2006 |
| 5496464 | Hydrotreating of heavy hydrocarbon oils in supercritical fluids A process is described for hydrotreating a heavy hydrocarbon oil containing a substantial portion of material which boils above 524° C. to form lower boiling materials, which comprises adding to the heavy hydrocarbon oil as solvent a paraffinic, isoparaf... | 03/05/1996 |
| 5256278 | Direct coal liquefaction process An improved multistep liquefaction process for organic carbonaceous mater which produces a virtually completely solvent-soluble carbonaceous liquid product. The solubilized product may be more amenable to further processing than liquid products produced ... | 10/26/1993 |
| 5240592 | Method for refining coal utilizing short residence time hydrocracking with selective condensation to produce a slate of value-added co-products This invention generally relates to refining coal by fluidized hydrocracking employing short residence time volatilization and decomposition of the coal feedstock, with subsequent selective condensation and hydrostabilization without utilization of extern... | 08/31/1993 |
| 5200063 | Coal hydroconversion process comprising solvent enhanced pretreatment with carbon monoxide This invention is directed to a staged process for producing liquids from coal or similar carbonaceous feeds combining a pretreatment stage and a liquefaction stage. In the process, the feed is dispersed in an organic solvent and reacted with carbon monox... | 04/06/1993 |
| 5198103 | Method for increasing liquid yields from short residence time hydropyrolysis processes This invention generally relates a method for increasing the quantity and quality of hydrocarbon liquids derived from the short residence time decomposition and volatilization of coal. The invention more particularly relates to an improved method of econo... | 03/30/1993 |
| 5132007 | Co-generation system for co-producing clean, coal-based fuels and electricity A method for preparing coal-derived fuel compositions while simultaneously producing electricity by utilizing a novel co-generation configuration employing the hydrodisproportionation of coal. Hydrodisproportionation is the short residence time decomposit... | 07/21/1992 |
| 5120430 | Coal solubilization A method of solubilizing organic material in a coal includes the steps of contacting the coal with a medium comprising an organic solvent and a strong base or phenoxide reactively associated with the solvent. The solvent may be an aprotic dipolar solvent ... | 06/09/1992 |
| 5110452 | Method of refining coal by catalyzed short residence time hydrodisproportionation to form a novel coal-derived fuel system This invention generally relates to a catalyzed short residence time decomposition and volatilization of coal to produce liquid co-products while minimizing production of char and gas without utilization of external hydrogen, that is, hydrogen other than ... | 05/05/1992 |
| 5021148 | Method of refining coal by short residence time partial liquefaction to produce petroleum substitutes and chemical feedstocks This invention generally relates to short residence time decomposition and volatilization of coal to produce liquid co-products, including petroleum substitutes and chemical feedstocks, while minimizing production of char and gas without utilization of ex... | 06/04/1991 |
| 4971683 | Method of refining coal by short residence time hydrodisproportionation to co-produce coal-based petroleum substitutes and methanol This invention generally relates to co-production of petroleum substitutes, chemical feedstocks and methanol, while minimizing production of char and gas without utilization of external hydrogen, that is, hydrogen other than that contained in the coal fee... | 11/20/1990 |
| 4938782 | Method of refining coal by short residence time hydrodisproportionation to form a novel coal derived fuel system This invention generally relates to short residence time decomposition and volatilization of coal to produce liquid co-products while minimizing production of char and gas without utilization of external hydrogen, that is, hydrogen other than that contain... | 07/03/1990 |
| 4846963 | Ionic liquefaction process A coal liquefaction process using ionic liquefaction techniques with polar solvent solubilizing agents and water soluble inorganic compounds, produces a carbonaceous liquefaction product which is separated from the process stream by the use of methanol as... | 07/11/1989 |
| 4842719 | Catalytic two-stage coal hydrogenation and hydroconversion process A process for two-stage catalytic hydrogenation and liquefaction of coal to produce increased yields of low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid and gas products. In the process, the particulate coal is slurried with a process-derived liquid solvent and fed at temp... | 06/27/1989 |
| 4842615 | Utilization of low rank and waste coals in transportable fluidic fuel systems Low rank coals, waste coals and peat are refined by hydrodisproportionation to produce a slate of co-products by heating these materials in the presence of hydrogen donor rich reducing atmosphere and quenching the reaction vapor produced. The slate of co-... | 06/27/1989 |
| 4832831 | Method of refining coal by hydrodisproportionation Volatile, carbonaceous material is refined by hydrodisproportionation to produce a slate of co-products by heating the carbonaceous material in the presence of hydrogen donor rich reducing atmosphere and quenching the reaction vapor produced. The slate of... | 05/23/1989 |
| 4772379 | Extraction and liquefaction of fossil fuels using gamma irradiation and solvents A new technology for the extraction of liquid hydrocarbon products from fossil fuel resources such as oil shales, tar sands, heavy oils and coals which comprises the mixing of a donor solvent with the fossil fuel and the exposure of the mixture to ionizin... | 09/20/1988 |
| 4703798 | In situ method for recovering hydrocarbon from subterranean oil shale deposits Hydrocarbons may be recovered from subterranean oil shale deposits by penetrating the deposit with a well, applying hydraulic and/or explosive fracturing to the portion of the formation adjacent the well to form a zone of rubberized and/or fractured oil s... | 11/03/1987 |
| 4692239 | Method of recovering hydrocarbon from oil shale Hydrocarbons may be recovered from crushed oil shale by contacting the coarsely crushed oil shale material with a hydrogen doner solvent such as tetralin, alone or in combination with high pressure gaseous hydrogen for a period of time sufficient to cause... | 09/08/1987 |
| 4692238 | Solvent extraction of organic oils and solvent recovery A process for recovery of organic oils and residues in association with inorganic solids by solvent extraction and for the recovery of solvent used for the extraction. The organic solvent extracted inorganic solids having remaining associated organic solv... | 09/08/1987 |
| 4687570 | Direct use of methane in coal liquefaction This invention relates to a process for converting solid carbonaceous material, such as coal, to liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons utilizing methane, generally at a residence time of about 20-120 minutes at a temperature of 250°-750° C., preferably 3... | 08/18/1987 |
| 4663028 | Process of preparing a donor solvent for coal liquefaction A process of preparing a donor solvent for coal liquefaction. Liquefied coal is distilled to separate the coal into a fraction having a boiling point less than about 350° F. and a residue having a boiling point greater than about 350° F. The residue fro... | 05/05/1987 |
| 4610776 | Coal liquefaction process A coal liquefaction process comprising reacting coal with a hydrocarbonaceous solvent at coal liquefaction conditions in the presence of an oil shale residue catalyst comprising organic and inorganic fractions. The oil shale residue catalyst is derived by... | 09/09/1986 |
| 4610777 | Coal liquefaction with Mn nodules A method for the liquefaction of coal under coal liquefaction conditions in the presence of manganese nodules in combination with an improved coal liquefaction solvent. Liquid yields are increased when the solvent, containing substantially only polyconden... | 09/09/1986 |
| 4594140 | Integrated coal liquefaction, gasification and electricity production process Methods for the physical and operational integration of a carbonaceous gasification plan, a gaseous fuel synthesis plant and a power generation station to economincally produce synfuel and electrical power comprising producing gases comprising carbon mono... | 06/10/1986 |
| 4592826 | Use of ethers in thermal cracking A process for improving the upgrading/conversion of hydrocarbonaceous materials such as coals, petroleum residual oils, shale oils and tar sand bitumens. In the process, the free radicals formed from thermal cracking of the hydrocarbons are reacted with t... | 06/03/1986 |
| 4568446 | Process for treating modified oil shale to recover shale oil A method for converting hydrocarbonaceous materials such as oil shale, tar sands and other similar materials into hydrocarbonaceous fluids by use of a liquid hydrogen donor wherein the reaction is conducted in a substantially air free environment and the ... | 02/04/1986 |
| 4551224 | Coal liquefaction process Process for liquefying coal or similar liquefiable carbonaceous solids in which the liquefaction solvent is a hydrotreated solvent mixture that is derived in the process. The solvent mixture comprises at least 78 wt. % decalin, comprising cis and trans de... | 11/05/1985 |
| 4545890 | Coal liquefaction and hydrogenation Disclosed is a coal liquefaction process using two stages. The first stage liquefies the coal and maximizes the product while the second stage hydrocracks the remainder of the coal liquid to produce solvent.... | 10/08/1985 |
| 4541916 | Coal liquefaction process using low grade crude oil A process for converting coal to liquid hydrocarbonaceous products involving a liquefaction reaction in the presence of a coal derived recycle slurry and a non-coal derived solvent comprising a hydrocarbonaceous oil or distillation bottom residue thereof ... | 09/17/1985 |
| 4541913 | Process for hydrocracking supercritical gas extracts of carbonaceous material The present invention relates to a process for hydrocracking SGE of carbonaceous material to produce light distillate, including chemical feedstocks and transport fuels. A mixture of crushed coal and a solvent is fed to an extractor 1 wherein the solvent ... | 09/17/1985 |
| 4537675 | Upgraded solvents in coal liquefaction processes New solvent compositions and a new two-stage direct coal liquefaction process are provided which permit control of the liquid product state from one consisting primarily of low boiling distillate to one consisting primarily of high boiling fuel oil. The u... | 08/27/1985 |
| 4536278 | Shale oil stabilization with a hydrogen donor quench A process is provided to produce and stabilize shale oil. In the process, raw oil shale is retorted with heat carrier material to liberate an effluent product stream comprising hydrocarbons and entrained particulates of oil shale dust. In order to minimiz... | 08/20/1985 |
| 4536277 | Shale oil stabilization with a hydrogen donor quench and a hydrogen transfer catalyst A process is provided to produce and stabilize shale oil. In the process, raw oil shale is retorted with heat carrier material to liberate an effluent product stream comprising hydrocarbons and entrained particulates of oil shale dust. In order to minimiz... | 08/20/1985 |
| 4518480 | Process for the efficient utilization of solvent modified oil shales A combination process for the treatment of oil shale to recover hydrocarbonaceous material therefrom comprising the steps of solvent treating said oil shale, sequentially solvent extracting said treated oil shale, hydrotreating the extracts and processing... | 05/21/1985 |
| 4502940 | Method for extracting caking coals Caking coals can be solvent extracted in high yields without agglomeration by a first stage extraction of 380° C. to 420° C. and at a pressure above the critical pressure of the solvent, followed by a second stage at a temperature above the critical tem... | 03/05/1985 |
| 4495089 | Continuous process for the production of solvents for coal liquefaction A continuous process for the production of a solvent for use in the liquefaction of coal is described. The process comprises hydrogenating a mixture of 100 parts by weight of a hydrocarbon mixture and from 0.2 to 10 parts by weight of phenol and/or alkylp... | 01/22/1985 |
