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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7270743 | Products produced form rapid thermal processing of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks The present invention is directed to the upgrading of heavy hydrocarbon feedstock that utilizes a short residence pyrolytic reactor operating under conditions that cracks and chemically upgrades the feedstock. The process of the present invention provides for the pr... | 09/18/2007 |
| 7229547 | Retort heating systems and methods of use A retort heating apparatus includes a perimeter wall bounding a central compartment. A partition wall is disposed within the central compartment so as to separate the central compartment into at least a heating chamber and a vapor chamber. The partition wall has a p... | 06/12/2007 |
| 7100994 | Producing hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbon containing materials when treating a hydrocarbon containing formation A method for treating a hydrocarbon containing formation is provided. In one embodiment, heat from one or more heaters may be provided to at least a portion of the formation. Heat may be allowed to transfer from the one or more heaters to at least a part of the form... | 09/05/2006 |
| 6139722 | Process and apparatus for converting oil shale or tar sands to oil The invention relates to a continuous process for producing synthetic crude oil from oil bearing material, e.g., oil shale or tar sand, through continuous feeding and calcining, hydrocracking and hydrogenating kerogen or bitumen.... | 10/31/2000 |
| 5496465 | Vibrating bed coal pyrolysis system A vibrating bed pyrolysis system has a vibrating bed which is supplied with hot solid particles. Dry coal particles are rapidly heated by the hot solid particles to drive off hydrocarbon vapors. The vapors are condensed in a jet condenser, and products ar... | 03/05/1996 |
| 5156734 | Enhanced efficiency hydrocarbon eduction process and apparatus A system and process for educing hydrocarbons from shale. The system comprises a retort vessel which has an integral apparatus for mixing raw and recycle shale that embodies raw shale pulverizing and has an integral apparatus for finally pulverizing the r... | 10/20/1992 |
| 5092984 | Pyrolysis of coal A method for mild gasification of crushed coal in a single vertical elongated reaction vessel providing a fluidized bed reaction zone, a freeboard reaction zone, and an entrained reaction zone within the single vessel. Feed coal and gas may be fed separat... | 03/03/1992 |
| 5045180 | Catalytic two-stage coal liquefaction process having improved nitrogen removal A process for catalytic multi-stage hydrogenation and liquefaction of coal to produce high yields of low-boiling hydrocarbon liquids containing low concentrations of nitogen compounds. First stage catalytic reaction conditions are 700°-800° F. temperatu... | 09/03/1991 |
| 5041210 | Oil shale retorting with steam and produced gas A process for retorting oil shale in a vertical retort. Recycle gas containing steam and produced gas is separated from the retort off-gas and used to heat the oil shale. The steam is present in amount by volume of the recycle gas of at least 40% and pref... | 08/20/1991 |
| 5008005 | Integrated coke, asphalt and jet fuel production process and apparatus A process and apparatus for the production of coke, asphalt and jet fuel m a feed of fossil fuels containing volatile carbon compounds therein is disclosed. The process includes the steps of pyrolyzing the feed in an entrained bed pyrolyzing means, separ... | 04/16/1991 |
| 4997548 | Coal extraction Recycled oil solvents for coal extraction have their content of saturated cyclic species reduced by thermal cracking at 470° to 540° C. for a few minutes, restoring their effectiveness as solvents for coal.... | 03/05/1991 |
| 4944867 | Process to secure oil, gas, and by-products from pyrobetuminous shale and other matter impregnated with hydrocarbons The process for obtaining oil, gas and other products from pyrobituminous shales and the like includes introducing crushed shale into a retort and contacting the crushed shale in the top portion of the retort with a stream of retort gases. Hot gases are i... | 07/31/1990 |
| 4931171 | Pyrolysis of carbonaceous materials A process for the pyrolysis of carbonaceous materials at an elevated temperature or an elevated temperature and an elevated pressure in which a fuel is burned in the presence of a combustion supporting material, in an amount sufficient to supply at least ... | 06/05/1990 |
| 4880528 | Method and apparatus for hydrocarbon recovery from tar sands A method and apparatus for utilizing tar sands having a broad range of bitumen content is disclosed. More particularly, tar sands are pyrolyzed in a cyclone retort with high temperature gases recycled from the cyclone retort to produce oil and hydrocarbon... | 11/14/1989 |
| 4853111 | Two-stage co-processing of coal/oil feedstocks A process for two-stage catalytic co-processing of coal and heavy petroleum hydrocarbon liquid fractions to produce increased yields of low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid and gas products. In the process, the particulate coal is slurried with a petroleum resi... | 08/01/1989 |
| 4846964 | Fluidized-bed bioreactor process for the microbial solubiliztion of coal A fluidized-bed bioreactor system for the conversion of coal into microbially solubilized coal products. The fluidized-bed bioreactor continuously or periodically receives coal and bio-reactants and provides for the production of microbially solubilized c... | 07/11/1989 |
| 4842719 | Catalytic two-stage coal hydrogenation and hydroconversion process A process for two-stage catalytic hydrogenation and liquefaction of coal to produce increased yields of low-boiling hydrocarbon liquid and gas products. In the process, the particulate coal is slurried with a process-derived liquid solvent and fed at temp... | 06/27/1989 |
| 4707248 | Process for the retorting of hydrocarbon-containing solids The invention relates to a hydrocarbon-containing solids retorting process, such as, for example, shale, coal, tar sands, etc., the particles of which are below 6 mm in size, at a vertical entrainment regime, with superheated steam. As an alternative to t... | 11/17/1987 |
| 4605487 | Use of methane, methane and hydrogen, or natural gas for pyrolysis gas Method for the production of liquid products, particularly, tar, from organic bulk materials. The invention relates to a method, whereby in an apparatus in one or a multiple of refining stages, organic bulk goods are refined to economically significant ba... | 08/12/1986 |
| 4597775 | Coking and gasification process An improved coking process for normally solid carbonaceous materials wherein the yield of liquid product from the coker is increased by adding ammonia or an ammonia precursor to the coker. The invention is particularly useful in a process wherein coal liq... | 07/01/1986 |
| 4596650 | Liquefaction of sub-bituminous coal Sub-bituminous coal is directly liquefied in two stages by use of a liquefaction solvent containing insoluble material as well as 850° F.+ material and 850° F.- material derived from the second stage, and controlled temperature and conversion in the sec... | 06/24/1986 |
| 4582590 | Solar heated oil shale pyrolysis process A bed (76, 202) of oil shale particles (10) are pyrolyzed in a retort (70, 200) by means of a heated carrier gas stream passing through a central conduit (54, 202) within the bed (76, 202) and then upwardly through a fixed bed (76) or fluidized bed (202) ... | 04/15/1986 |
| 4578176 | Fuel production by free fall countercurrent flow A process and apparatus for production of liquid and gaseous fuels from solid organic carbonaceous materials by reacting free falling solids in a countercurrent gas stream. The process is conducted with a lean solids phase which provides good process cont... | 03/25/1986 |
| 4564437 | Process for retorting oil shale with fluidized retorting of shale fines Hot, coarse, particles removed from a retort, preferably coarse particles of oil shale removed from a retort operating at superatmospheric pressure, are crushed to a size suitable for fluidization and then fed to a fluidization zone maintained under non-o... | 01/14/1986 |
| 4563264 | Method of dry distillation of volatile substances from mineral matter containing same The dry distillation of oil shale and like volatilizable materials as carried out by intimately mixing it with a fine-grain hot heat-transfer medium. According to the invention the hot distillation residue is passed in direct heat exchange with a cooling ... | 01/07/1986 |
| 4560547 | Production of hydrogen from oil shale A process for production of hydrogen from oil shale fines by direct introduction of the oil shale fines into a fluidized bed at temperatures about 1200° to about 2000° F. to obtain rapid heating of the oil shale. The bed is fluidized by upward passage o... | 12/24/1985 |
| 4552725 | Apparatus for co-processing of oil and coal Apparatus adapted for converting coal and heavy oil to volatile hydrocarbons comprising a thermal cracking reactor having a thermal cracking zone enclosed in an interior tubular riser within a vertical shell, lower inlet means for receiving hot coal and h... | 11/12/1985 |
| 4548702 | Shale oil stabilization with a hydroprocessor A process is provided to produce, stabilize, dedust and upgrade synthetic oil, such as shale oil. In the process, synthetic fuels, such as oil shale, tar sands and diatomite are retorted with heat carrier material to liberate an effluent product stream co... | 10/22/1985 |
| 4545892 | Treatment of primary tailings and middlings from the hot water extraction process for recovering bitumen from tar sand The primary tailings and middlings are combined and fed to a vessel having the general form of a deep cone thickener. The feed is deflected outwardly and generally horizontally by a baffle, as it is delivered to the vessel. Simultaneously, the outwardly r... | 10/08/1985 |
| 4536275 | Integrated two-stage coal liquefaction process This invention relates to an improved two-stage process for the production of liquid carbonaceous fuels and solvents from carbonaceous solid fuels, especially coal.... | 08/20/1985 |
| 4533463 | Continuous coking of residual oil and production of gaseous fuel and smokeless solid fuels from coal Coal and residual oil are simultaneously processed in a reactor with a combustion zone at the bottom and a fluidized bed on top of it. The residual oil is injected into heat exchange relationship with the top of the fluidized bed where it is cracked with ... | 08/06/1985 |
| 4519894 | Treatment of carbonaceous shales or sands to recover oil and pure carbon as products A carbon-containing solid (such as oil shale or tar sand) is treated with air in a six-stage vertical shaft to make producer gas, oil and a pure carbon as products. The top and bottom stages of the vertical shaft are fed to pre-heat incoming solid and to ... | 05/28/1985 |
| 4515679 | Process for retorting oil shale with fluidized retorting of shale fines Hot particles removed from a retort, preferably retort-sized particles of oil shale removed from a retort operating at superatmospheric pressure, are crushed and fed to a fluidized surge zone maintained under non-oxidizing conditions at substantially the ... | 05/07/1985 |
| 4492623 | Process for the hydrogenation of coal using a split feed In a process for hydrogenation of coal, where the hydrogenation is performed in the presence of a catalyst and hydrogen under pressure, fresh coal paste is divided into two stream portions which are separately fed into a reaction zone (12). The first stre... | 01/08/1985 |
| 4490213 | Coal conversion processes Coal is processed sequentially over a range of temperatures up to a maximum of 750° F. and preferably considerably less to obtain a clean burning coke, refinable petroleum and bitumen products, fertilizer minerals, combustible gases and water; the proces... | 12/25/1984 |
| 4490237 | Process for recovering heat from the combustion of residual carbon in oil depleted shale As hot oil depleted shale from an indirect retorting process passes downward through a vertical shaft furnace, the residual carbon in the shale is burned out in the upper portion by air fed into the top of the furnace. The temperature of combustion is mod... | 12/25/1984 |
| 4481080 | Staged fluidized bed Method and apparatus for narrowing the distribution of residence times of any size particle and equalizing the residence times of large and small particles in fluidized beds. Particles are moved up one fluidized column and down a second fluidized column w... | 11/06/1984 |
| 4481099 | Solvent extraction method A method is disclosed for solvent-extracting an extractable component from a mixture including the extractable component and subdivided solids, comprising: (a) maintaining a vertically extending bed comprising said solids in a vertically extending extract... | 11/06/1984 |
| 4473459 | System for transferring a slurry of hydrocarbon-containing solids to and from a wet oxidation reactor A system for transferring solid material to and from a high pressure reactor as a water slurry is disclosed. In a wet oxidation reaction system comminuted solid hydrocarbonaceous material, such as shale, coal, tar sand, wood or waste, flows in a continuou... | 09/25/1984 |
| 4464247 | Horizontal fluid bed retorting process A horizontal fluid bed retorting process is provided for preheating, retorting, combusting, and recovering heat from oil shale and other solid hydrocarbon-containing material. In the process, the combustor and heat recovery chambers share a common heat-co... | 08/07/1984 |
