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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7247229 | Coatings for the inhibition of undesirable oxidation in an electrochemical cell A process for electroplating of metal utilizing a valve metal electrode substrate containing multiple coating layers is disclosed. A top coating layer of a valve metal oxide is applied over a first coating layer of an electrochemically active coating. The electrode ... | 07/24/2007 |
| 7033640 | Method of coloring cut gemstones A method of coloring cut gemstones introduces metals or metal oxides into a surface layer by means of heat treatment. During the heat treatment the gemstones are laid on a solid plate and the metals or metal oxides form a substantial constituent of the plate. The su... | 04/25/2006 |
| 6395153 | Diaphragm cell The present invention pertains to electrolytic diaphragm cells, particularly for the electrolysis of brine to produce chlorine and caustic. The innovation resides generally in the discovery that electrolytic cell operation can be desirably enhanced by com... | 05/28/2002 |
| 5993620 | Anode for diaphragm electrochemical cell The invention discloses a novel structure for an expandable anode to be used in diaphragm cells. This new structure comprises a conductor bar in the form of a copper core provided with a titanium layer having a first and a second pair of flexible expander... | 11/30/1999 |
| 5948222 | Reactivation of deactivated anodes Disclosed is a method of reactivating a deactivated anode that has a coating of a noble metal or noble metal oxide on a substrate. A coating of a noble metal is deposited on the anode either electrolessly or electrolytically. The noble metal in the deposi... | 09/07/1999 |
| 5776328 | Apparatus and process for electrochemically decomposing salt solutions to form the relevant base and acid Electrolyzer for the electrolysis of a solution of a salt for the production of a solution containing an acid and a solution of a base, said electrolyzer comprising at least one elementary cell divided into three compartments by two cation-exchange membra... | 07/07/1998 |
| 5334293 | Electrode comprising a coated valve metal substrate An electrode which comprises a substrate of a valve metal or an alloy thereof having properties similar to those of the valve metal and a coating comprising an outer layer which comprises RuO2, an oxide of at least one non-noble metal and at le... | 08/02/1994 |
| 5106466 | Process for the integral recovery of the sulphur contained in spent lead batteries, obtained in the form of pure sulphuric acid for reuse in the production of new batteries A process is disclosed for recovering the components of spent lead acid batteries of the type comprising an active mass desulphurization stage in which sodium sulphate is formed, characterized in that the sodium sulphate solution thus formed is fed to an ... | 04/21/1992 |
| 4909912 | Ion exchange membrane cell and electrolytic process using thereof An ion exchange membrane cell comprises an anode, a cathode, an anode compartment and a cathode compartment formed by partitioning by an ion exchange membrane. A gas and liquid permeable porous non-electrode layer is bonded at least one of surface of said... | 03/20/1990 |
| 4687558 | High current density cell A filter press membrane electrolytic cell having at least one cathode and one anode sandwiched about a permselective ion exchange membrane which employs a cathode having a first layer and a second layer cooperative with the membrane such that the voltage ... | 08/18/1987 |
| 4604172 | Process for the electrolysis of sodium chloride For the electrolysis of sodium chloride, the use of cation exchanger membranes is described which are composed of recurring units of ##STR1## and have an ion exchange capacity of 1.55 to 1.74 m-equivalents/g of dry polymer in the H+ form ... | 08/05/1986 |
| 4578159 | Electrolysis of alkali metal chloride brine in catholyteless membrane cells employing an oxygen consuming cathode A process for the electrolysis of an aqueous solution of an alkali metal halide in an electrolytic cell having an anode compartment containing at least one anode, a cathode compartment containing at least one cathode, and a cation exchange membrane separa... | 03/25/1986 |
| 4426262 | Promotion of Pt-Ir catalytic electrodes with lead, tantalum, ruthenium and oxygen Platinum and iridium in catalytic electrodes for electrochemical uses is partially replaced with lead ruthenate-tantalum oxide composite. Electrodes are fabricated by first coating a film-forming metal substrate with a platinum-iridium composite undercoat... | 01/17/1984 |
| 4333804 | Method of preventing deterioration of palladium oxide anode The deterioration of a palladium oxide type anode caused by stopping the operation of a diaphragm type electrolytic cell in the electrolysis of an alkali metal chloride is prevented by increasing the concentration of hypochlorite ions in the anolyte to gi... | 06/08/1982 |
| 4318795 | Valve metal electrode with valve metal oxide semi-conductor face and methods of carrying out electrolysis reactions Describes chlorine resistant metal electrodes, preferably of valve metals such as titanium and tantalum, having coatings of mixed metal oxides, preferably valve metal oxides and platinum group metal oxides, which have been doped to provide semi-conducting... | 03/09/1982 |
| 4312720 | Electrolytic cell and process for electrolytic oxidation An electrolytic cell and a method of operating an electrolytic cell having an electrically conductive, foraminous separator support element which is maintained at a voltage potential sufficient to minimize the occurrence of substantial amounts of anodic r... | 01/26/1982 |
| 4273626 | Electrolyte series flow in electrolytic chlor-alkali cells In an electrolytic chlor-alkali cell, or bank of cells, having a plurality of electrolyte compartments containing electrode pairs (anodes and cathodes) and wherein a hydraulically-impermeable membrane separates the electrolyte compartments into catholyte ... | 06/16/1981 |
| 4240883 | Method for electrolysis of an aqueous alkali metal chloride solution Method for electrolysis of an aqueous alkali metal chloride solution is provided, wherein an aqueous alkali metal chloride solution is electrolyzed by maintaining a temperature of an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide liquor in a cathode compartment lower tha... | 12/23/1980 |
| 4204939 | Diaphragm cell A monopolar filter press electrolytic cell for use in the electrolysis of alkali metal halide brine to produce cell liquor, halogen and hydrogen the cell comprising a plurality of anode plates and cathode plates and a hydraulically permeable diaphragm pos... | 05/27/1980 |
| 4177116 | Electrolytic cell with membrane and method of operation Describes electrolytic cell with dimensionally stable anodes, non-porous ion-selective membranes separating said anodes from the cathode compartment, and a porous, static bed of loose, conducting cathodic material in the cathode compartment, extending bet... | 12/04/1979 |
| 4140615 | Cell and process for electrolyzing aqueous solutions using a porous anode separator Electrolysis of alkali metal chloride solutions to produce chlorine and alkali metal hydroxides is accomplished in a cell comprising an anode compartment, a cathode compartment, a cation permeable divider separating the anode compartment from the cathode ... | 02/20/1979 |
| 4127457 | Method of reducing chlorate formation in a chlor-alkali electrolytic cell In a chlor-alkali electrolytic cell in which an aqueous alkali metal chloride solution is electrolyzed, said electrolytic cell having an anode compartment containing an anode and a cathode compartment containing a cathode separated by a substantially flui... | 11/28/1978 |
| 4121990 | Electrolytic cell An anode suitable for use in a chlor-alkali diaphragm cell comprised of a pair of parallel slotted plates (e.g. louvred plates) mounted on a support, which are maintained at a fixed distance apart by means of a removable spacer adapted to engage the plate... | 10/24/1978 |
| 4119503 | Two layer ceramic membranes and their uses Novel two layer ceramic membranes for electrolysis cells comprising on the anodic side a layer of at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of Sb2 O5, Bi2 O5, MoO3, WO3 and V | 10/10/1978 |
| 4100050 | Coating metal anodes to decrease consumption rates An improved anode structure for a chlor-alkali type diaphragm cell wherein the anode is a porous, valve metal, e.g., titanium, anode having on one side a coating of a noble metal or noble metal oxide and on the uncoated side a membrane composed essentiall... | 07/11/1978 |
| 4072585 | Valve metal electrode with valve metal oxide semi-conductive coating having a chlorine discharge catalyst in said coating Describes chlorine resistant metal electrodes, preferably of valve metals such as titanium and tantalum, having coatings of mixed metal oxides, preferably valve metal oxides, which have been doped to provide semi-conducting surfaces on the electrodes, whi... | 02/07/1978 |
| 4070504 | Method of producing a valve metal electrode with valve metal oxide semi-conductor face and methods of manufacture and use Describes chlorine resistant metal electrodes, preferably of valve metals such as titanium and tantalum, having coatings of mixed metal oxides, preferably valve metal oxides and platinum group metal oxides, which have been doped to provide semi-conducting... | 01/24/1978 |
| 4061549 | Electrolytic cell anode structures containing cobalt spinels Anodes particularly suitable for use in electrolytic cells are prepared by coating an electrically-conductive substrate with a bimetallic oxide having a spinel structure of the formula Mx Co3-x O4 where O | 12/06/1977 |
| 4055477 | Electrolyzing brine using an anode coated with an intermetallic compound Disclosed is an electrode having an electroconductive substrate and an electroconductive layer on the substrate. The electroconductive layer is an intermetallic compound of a platinum group metal and a transition metal. Also disclosed is a method of elect... | 10/25/1977 |
| 4040918 | Method of activating an anode Disclosed is an improved method of conducting electrolysis where a first electrode and a second electrode are inserted in an electrolyte, and an electrical current passes from one of the electrodes to the other electrode. At least one of the electrodes ha... | 08/09/1977 |
| 4032417 | Electrolytic processes The electrolysis of aqueous alkali metal chloride solutions wherein chlorine is liberated at the anode, is improved through the use of an anode comprising a valve metal substrate, a coating thereon of conductive oxide bronze, and an outer coating of a nob... | 06/28/1977 |
| 4013525 | Electrolytic cells An electrolytic cell, for example for the manufacture of chlorine from sodium chloride brine, comprising an anode, a cathode and a diaphragm separating the anode and the cathode wherein the anode presents to the cathode a plurality of parallel elongated m... | 03/22/1977 |
| 4012296 | Electrode for electrolytic processes An electrode, for use in electrolytic processes, especially as an anode for use in the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of alkali metal halides, comprises a valve metal substrate coated on at least a portion of the surface thereof with a mixed oxide of h... | 03/15/1977 |
| 3986942 | Electrolytic process and apparatus An electrode, for use in electrolytic processes, comprises a valve metal substrate, such as titanium, a coating thereon of conductive tin oxide, and an outer coating of a noble metal or noble metal oxide. The electrode is particularly adapted to use in a ... | 10/19/1976 |
| 3976549 | Electrolysis method An improved method and apparatus for the electrolysis of ionizable chemical compounds is disclosed including specifically a process for the production of chlorine and caustic soda containing low concentrations of sodium chloride by the electrolysis of bri... | 08/24/1976 |
| 3963593 | Electrodes having silicide surface An electrode is disclosed having an electroconductive silicide surface on a suitable electroconductive substrate. The silicide surface is electroconductive and electrocatalytic. Also disclosed is an electrolytic cell containing an anode having a silicide ... | 06/15/1976 |
| 3956083 | Electrochemical anode and process using the anode An electrode for use in electrolytic processes, comprises a valve metal substrate, a coating thereon of conductive tin oxide containing a doping amount of tellurium, preferably up to about 0.3 mole percent of tellurium, based on moles of tin, and an outer... | 05/11/1976 |
| 3951766 | Electrolytic cell and method of using same An improved electrolytic cell for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions of ionizable chemical compounds, and especially for the electrolysis of brines, comprises a cell equipped with a cathode and an anode separated by a permselective membrane diaphragm w... | 04/20/1976 |
| 3948751 | Valve metal electrode with valve metal oxide semi-conductive face Describes chlorine resistant metal electrodes, preferably of valve metals such as titanium and tantalum, having coatings of mixed metal oxides, preferably valve metal oxides, which have been doped to provide semi-conducting surfaces on the electrodes, whi... | 04/06/1976 |
| 3948737 | Process for electrolysis of brine In the electrolysis of an alkali metal chloride brine in an electrolytic cell equipped with a permselective ion exchange membrane between the anode and cathode, which membrane is of the perfluorinated sulfonic acid type, improved anode and cathode current... | 04/06/1976 |
