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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 6306284 | Apparatus and method for monitoring fluorine ions An apparatus and a method for determining concentration of fluorine ions in aqueous solutions are provided. In the apparatus, a pH sensor is provided for sensing a pH value of an aqueous solution to be determined. A pH controller is then used to compare t... | 10/23/2001 |
| 6168694 | Methods for and products of processing nanostructure nitride, carbonitride and oxycarbonitride electrode power materials by utilizing sol gel technology for supercapacitor applications Metal nitride, carbonitride, and oxycarbonitride powder with high surface area (up to 150 m2 /g) is prepared by using sol-gel process. The metal organic precursor, alkoxides or amides, is synthesized firstly. The metal organic precursor is modi... | 01/02/2001 |
| 6165341 | Catalytic film, methods of making the catalytic films, and electrosynthesis of compounds using the catalytic film In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a method of making a catalytic film comprising: applying an electric current to an electrochemical cell comprising an anode, a cathode and a solution comprising a film forming compound and a nitrate ion ... | 12/26/2000 |
| 5114546 | Process for the preparation of fluorinated acrylic acids and derivatives thereof In the preparation processes known hitherto for haloacrylic acids and deuterated derivatives thereof, it is necessary to use chemicals, some of which are very toxic or very expensive. However, fluoroacrylic acids are successively prepared from halogenated ... | 05/19/1992 |
| 4954227 | Preparation of bidentate ligands A process is disclosed for preparing bidentate ligands of the formula: ##STR1## wherein: each AR is independently selected from aromatic ring compounds having 6 up to 14 carbon atoms, e.g., phenyl, naphthyl, phenanthryl and anthracenyl; the x bonds a... | 09/04/1990 |
| 4941954 | Electrochemical preparation of branched unsaturated dinitriles The preparation of branched unsaturated dinitriles as the major products (along the branched saturated dinitriles as the by-products) is achieved by electrolytic coupling of unsaturated mono nitriles in acetonitrile. All dinitrile products have an odd num... | 07/17/1990 |
| 4871430 | Novel multifunctional compounds and electrolytic oxidative coupling process A process for electrochemically coupling anions of organic radicals to form multifunctional compounds having the general formula ##STR1## in which R1 and R2 are independently selected from --CN, CO2 Et, --R 4 | 10/03/1989 |
| 4800012 | Electrochemical process for the replacement of halogen atoms in an organic compound The existing processes for the preparation of halogenoacrylic acids and deuterated derivatives thereof have to be carried out using chemicals which are in some cases very toxic or very expensive. Electrochemical reduction, however, makes it possible to elimina... | 01/24/1989 |
| 4797184 | Process for producing 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane There is disclosed a process for producing 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane, which comprises subjecting 1,4-bis-(dicyanomethylene)-cyclohexane to anodic oxidation in a solvent.... | 01/10/1989 |
| 4764263 | Electrochemical synthesis of substituted aromatic amines in basic media Substituted amino aromatic compounds such as 3-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid are prepared by electrolytically reducing the corresponding nitro aromatic compound in a basic medium at temperatures below 60° C. and current densities greater than 50 milliamps ... | 08/16/1988 |
| 4705609 | Method for deriving phenyl isocyanate from benzene and potassium isocyanate A method deriving phenyl isocyanate includes providing an electrolyte. The electrolyte is separated by an ion transferrable member so as to form a catholyte and an anolyte from the electrolyte. A cathode is placed in the catholyte and an anode is placed i... | 11/10/1987 |
| 4699698 | Preparation of benzoic acid ortho-esters and novel compounds of this type Preparation of aromatic carboxylic acid ortho-esters of the formula I ##STR1## where R is C1 -C4 -alkyl and R1 is H, halogen, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkoxy, aryloxy, acyl, acyloxy or CN, by electro-oxidizing benzene... | 10/13/1987 |
| 4624756 | Method for production of organic electroconductive crystals Cyanometallophthalocyanine crystals which are organic electroconductive crystals are produced by electrolysis of an electrolyte containing an alkali salt of dicyanometallophthalocyanine. Organic electroconductive crystals of better quality are produced by... | 11/25/1986 |
| 4612092 | Preparation of aromatic carboxylates Aromatic carboxylates are prepared by electrochemical oxidation of the corresponding methyl benzenes or benzaldehyde dialkyl acetals in the presence of an alkanol and of a halogenated triarylamine derivative.... | 09/16/1986 |
| 4499025 | Electrochemical maintenance of catalyst activity The instant invention relates to a process for the conversion of an aryl halide into an aryl cyanide, which comprises the steps of: (a) providing a first electrode and a second electrode of opposite polarity from said first electrode in an electrolyte, said el... | 02/12/1985 |
| 4495036 | Electrochemical chlorination process Electrolytically prepare para-chloroalkyl aromatic compounds, such as para-chlorotoluene, using a potential of less than 1.5 volts, as measured against a Ag/Ag+ reference electrode, and an anode which is free of cyclodextrin.... | 01/22/1985 |
| 4445985 | Electro organic method and apparatus for carrying out same Gaseous organic compounds are reacted at the surface of the electrode in a cell having a solid polymer electrolyte and externally applied current. The improvement passes water vapor to the solid polymer electrolyte to maintain the water of hydration in th... | 05/01/1984 |
| 4293393 | Use of electrogenerated bases in condensation reactions The invention is a process for using certain electrogenerated bases in reactions such as acetoacetic ester condensations wherein an azobenzene probase is electro-reduced to produce an electrogenerated base, acetic ester is deprotonated by electrogenerated... | 10/06/1981 |
| 4293392 | Alkylation of nitriles using an electrogenerated base and an alkylating agent The invention is a process for alkylating nitriles using an electrogenerated base and an alkylating agent comprising (a) electro-reducing an azobenzene probase at a cathode in an electrolysis medium comprising the azobenzene probase, a nitrile and a suppo... | 10/06/1981 |
| 4133726 | Electrolytic flow-cell apparatus and process for effecting sequential electrochemical reaction This invention relates to an electrolytic flow-cell apparatus and a process for effecting sequential electrochemical reactions of redoxidative compounds at a porous working electrode. The porous working electrode has a first face and a second and opposite... | 01/09/1979 |
| 4132611 | Addition of organic electrophiles to carbon acids via catalysis by electrogenerated bases Organic electrophiles are added to carbon acids via catalysis by electrogenerated bases to yield carbon acid-organic electrophile addition products.... | 01/02/1979 |
| 4071429 | Electrolytic flow-cell apparatus and process for effecting sequential electrochemical reaction This invention relates to an electrolytic flow-cell apparatus and a process for effecting sequential electrochemical reactions of redoxidative compounds at a porous working electrode. The porous working electrode has a first face and a second and opposite... | 01/31/1978 |
| 4028201 | Electrolytic monocarboxylation of activated olefins Olefinic nitriles, esters and amides are electrolytically mono-carboxylated in the presence of carbon dioxide and a proton donor.... | 06/07/1977 |
| 3945896 | Electrolytic carboxylation of acetonitrile and alpha-substituted acetonitriles Acetonitrile and alpha-substituted acetonitriles are electrolytically carboxylated to yield the corresponding alpha-cyano carboxyl compounds.... | 03/23/1976 |
