...that the x-ray was discovered purely by accident? When German physicist Wilhelm Konrad von Roentgen was experimenting with cathode rays in 1895, he put an activated Crookes tube in a book and went out to lunch. When he returned, he discovered that a key that had also been placed in the book showed up as an image on the developed film!
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8173003 | Turn-back flow EDI The present invention discloses a turn-back electrodeionization apparatus in which the central section of cation exchange membrane and anion exchange membrane constituting a dilute chamber is adhered along axial direction, and the dilute chamber is separated into an... | 05/08/2012 |
| 8168055 | Arrangement of ion exchange material within an electrodeionization apparatus An electrodeionization apparatus is provided comprising an ion-concentrating compartment partially bounded by an anion permeable membrane and also partially bounded by a cation permeable membrane, and a first ion exchange material domain disposed within the ion-conc... | 05/01/2012 |
| 8101058 | Apparatus for fluid purification The present invention generally relates to devices able to purify fluids electrically that are contained within pressure vessels, as well as to methods of manufacture and use thereof. Liquids or other fluids to be purified enter the purification device and, under th... | 01/24/2012 |
| 8066860 | Arrangement of ion exchange material within an electrodeionization apparatus An electrodeionization apparatus is provided comprising an ion-concentrating compartment partially bounded by an anion permeable membrane and also partially bounded by a cation permeable membrane, and a first ion exchange material domain disposed within the ion-conc... | 11/29/2011 |
| 7927478 | Spiral wound module having axial dilution chamber flow A spiral wound module for the electrochemical desalination of aqueous salt-containing solutions, whose feeds for solution to be desalinated and whose discharge for desalinated water are mounted on side walls of the dilution chamber of the module, permits an axial in... | 04/19/2011 |
| 7820024 | Electrically-driven separation apparatus The disclosed techniques involve electrical separation systems that allow recovery of species from feedstreams, typically aqueous solutions. The disclosed techniques can also provide electrical separation systems having reduced tendency to form scale especially when... | 10/26/2010 |
| 7763157 | Electrodeionization device An electrodeionization device for large-volume ultra-pure deionization of water is disclosed. The device comprises a plurality of alternating ion depletion and concentration compartments, interposed between an anode assembly and a cathode assembly, through which flo... | 07/27/2010 |
| 7666288 | Apparatus for electrodeionization of water Silica and boron are particularly removed at high rate in processing by the electrodeionization apparatus. An electrodeionization apparatus has an anolyte compartment 17 having an anode 11, a catholyte compartment 18 having a cathode 12, ... | 02/23/2010 |
| 7572359 | Apparatus for fluid purification and methods of manufacture and use thereof The present invention generally relates to devices able to purify fluids electrically that are contained within pressure vessels, as well as to methods of manufacture and use thereof. Liquids or other fluids to be purified enter the purification device and, under th... | 08/11/2009 |
| RE40733 | Helical electrodeionization apparatus A helical electrodeionization apparatus is adapted to purify aqueous liquids to effect the production of high purity water. An insulated net-separating wall is positioned between a pair of anion and cation exchange membranes to form a special membrane bag type flow ... | 06/16/2009 |
| 7485213 | Electrodeionization apparatus An electrodelonization apparatus comprising multiple anion exchange membranes 13 and cation exchange membranes 14 that are alternately arranged between a cathode 12 and an anode 11 to alternately form concentrating compartments 15 ... | 02/03/2009 |
| 7427342 | Method and apparatus for shifting current distribution in electrodeionization systems An electrodeionization (EDI) apparatus and method comprising an ion-depleting chamber for removing ions from liquids passed therethrough, wherein a resistive component is coupled proximate the outlet region of the chamber so as to increase the electrical resistance ... | 09/23/2008 |
| 7404884 | Injection bonded articles and methods Injection bonded articles comprised of a rigid core and secured together with an elastomeric material network which also forms seals and encapsulates at least a portion of the rigid core. The elastomeric material is selected to be compatible with the material compri... | 07/29/2008 |
| 7393445 | Ion exchanger A porous ion exchanger includes an open cell structure including interconnected macropores and mesopores whose average diameter is in a range of 1 to 1000 μm existing on walls of the macropores. Moreover, a total pore volume is in a range of 1 to 50 ml/g, ion excha... | 07/01/2008 |
| 7368191 | Electrode array for use in electrochemical cells The invention features an electrode array (7) in which pairs of electrodes (1) are geometrically arranged so that the broadest faces of the exposed electrodes are not directly opposing to each other. Rather, the broadest facing surfaces of the electrod... | 05/06/2008 |
| 7344629 | Selectable ion concentrations with electrolytic ion exchange An apparatus to treat an influent solution comprising ions to obtain a selectable ion concentration in an effluent solution. The apparatus comprises an electrochemical cell comprising a housing comprising first and second electrodes. A water-splitting ion exchange m... | 03/18/2008 |
| 7338600 | Fractional deionization process A liquid treatment process is described for sequential removal of ionic species of progressively decreasing ionic strength without precipitation or “scaling.” An aspect of the invention includes two or more electrodeionization operations within one or more elect... | 03/04/2008 |
| 7326325 | Apparatus and method for connecting water treatment devices A method and apparatus for connecting water treatment devices is provided. Connecting brackets may allow for a multiple configurations of water treatment devices and can simplify the building of water treatment systems. ... | 02/05/2008 |
| 7306709 | Spiral electrodeionization device with flow distribution profiling EDI apparatus for demineralizing a liquid flow is assembled in a housing having a cylindrical shape, and includes two metal electrodes, and one or more leafs, each leaf comprising a pair of selectively ion-permeable membranes arranged parallel to each other and spac... | 12/11/2007 |
| 7297245 | Electrokinetic methods and apparatus for collection of ionic contaminants An electrokinetic method and apparatus for discretely collecting ionic contaminants from a variety of media, with an ionic current there across in which an ion collection compartment has been positioned. Each compartment preferably compromises of an anion or cation ... | 11/20/2007 |
| 7294265 | Ion adsorption module and method for water treatment An ion adsorption module comprises a container with at least an opening into which feed water flows, and an organic porous ion exchange material having a three-dimensional reticular structure filled into the container, which has a continuous pore structure comprisin... | 11/13/2007 |
| 7279083 | Electrodeionisation apparatus An electrodeionisation apparatus comprising, successively: means defining an anode chamber, means defining one or more anion exchange chambers, means defining one or more mixed exchange chambers, means defining one or more cation exchange chambers, and means definin... | 10/09/2007 |
| 7261802 | EDI module with stabilizing DC current A stabilizing DC current interface for an electro-deionization (EDI) water purifying module. Each EDI module comprises anionic/cationic membranes, a center pipe, nets/spacers in concentrate/dilute water chambers and an anode and cathode for coupling to the stabilizi... | 08/28/2007 |
| 7247225 | Electrodeionization apparatus An electrodeionization apparatus is provided, in which enough electric current flows even when voltage applied between the electrodes is low, thereby sufficiently performing deionization. A single first cation exchange membrane, a single anion exchange membrane, a s... | 07/24/2007 |
| 7238266 | Method and apparatus for fluorine generation and recirculation The invention relates to apparatus and methods for generating and recycling fluorine. The applicants recognized that a fluorine separator, used either alone or in combination with a plasma generator can produce sufficient quantities of fluorine at its point of use f... | 07/03/2007 |
| 7201832 | Electrodeionization deionized water producing apparatus In the electrodeionization deionized water producing apparatus, water is passed through a deionizing chamber(s) packed with an organic porous ion exchange material having a three-dimensional network structure to remove ionic impurities in the water, thereby producin... | 04/10/2007 |
| 7163964 | Method for preparing an ion exchange media This invention presents an ion exchange media including a plurality of cation exchange zones and anion exchange zones in flow paths that are contained in a substantially nonporous resin transport framework. During electrodeionization and other potential applications... | 01/16/2007 |
| 7141154 | Single-stage separation and esterification of cation salt carboxylates using electrodeionization A method of and apparatus for continuously making an organic ester from a lower alcohol and an organic acid is disclosed. An organic acid or salt is introduced or produced in an electrode ionization (EDI) stack with a plurality of reaction chambers each formed from ... | 11/28/2006 |
| 7138045 | Multi-path split cell spacer and electrodialysis stack design An electrodialysis method and apparatus include a source of concentrate fluid, a source of dilute fluid, a collector of treated concentrate fluid, a collector of dilute fluid, an anode and a cathode. A plurality of generally planar spacers are interleaved with a plu... | 11/21/2006 |
| 7105304 | Pressure-based mobility shift assays Methods for chromatographically separating materials, including the separation of materials in kinase or phosphatase assays, in microfluidic devices under positive or negative fluid pressure. Devices and integrated systems for performing chromatographic separations ... | 09/12/2006 |
| 7097753 | Dilute support frame for an EDI device The dilute support frame is made up of interphase longitude and latitude bars that preferably are hollow. The bars can be rectangular, rectangular with a rounded end, half-circular, triangular, polygonal or any combination thereof. The bars are sized to support the ... | 08/29/2006 |
| 7097752 | EDI device with resin seepage-proof inserts The resin seepage-proof spiral would Electrodeionization (EDI) module includes anion and cation ion exchange membranes, concentrate and dilute distributing channels, net sheets inside of the channels, positive and negative electrodes and an EDI housing. The housing ... | 08/29/2006 |
| 7094325 | EDI and related stacks and method and apparatus for preparing such Apparatus and method are disclosed for introducing ion exchange or other particulates into compartments of an already-assembled electrodeionization or comparable stack by modulating a flow of slurry into the compartments with slugs of gas such as air. The air propel... | 08/22/2006 |
| 7083733 | Water treatment system and method A water treatment system provides treated or softened water to a point of use by removing a portion of any hardness-causing species contained in water from a point of entry coming from a water source, such as municipal water, well water, brackish water and water con... | 08/01/2006 |
| 7033472 | Electrodeionization water producing apparatus and method of producing deionized water using same The electrodeionization water producing apparatus comprising a depletion chamber packed with an ion exchange material, the depletion chamber being partitioned by a cation exchange membrane on one side and an anion exchange membrane on the other side, and concentrate... | 04/25/2006 |
| 7029563 | EDI device with composite electrode An EDI device includes a composite electrode enclosed within the cylinder shell of the device. The EDI inner module preferably has one concentrate center pipe as the electrode in the center axis and at least one layer of anion/cation exchange membranes and a support... | 04/18/2006 |
| 6991716 | Device for magnetically controlled electrodeionization In a device for electro-deionization (EDI) in the demineralization of aqueous solutions, which device includes ion exchange membranes arranged alternately and in spaced relationship so that between the membranes compartments are formed of which at least some are fil... | 01/31/2006 |
| 6929748 | Apparatus and method for continuous electrodeionization A method of water purification including the steps of passing source water through at least one reverse osmosis unit to produce a product water and reject water, directing the product water from a reverse osmosis unit into the dilution stream of a continuous electro... | 08/16/2005 |
| 6808608 | Water purifier and method An apparatus for removing charged contaminants from a water stream. The apparatus can be figured to provide the decontaminated water stream to an analytical system. Methods of use of the same are also disclosed. ... | 10/26/2004 |
| 6758954 | Electrodeionization apparatus with resilient endblock An electrodeionization apparatus comprising an endblock formed from a resilient material, and method for making the same. The resilient material may include various types of thermoplastic elastomers, such as, styrene block copolymers, copolyesters, plolyurethanes, p... | 07/06/2004 |