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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7344629 | Selectable ion concentrations with electrolytic ion exchange An apparatus to treat an influent solution comprising ions to obtain a selectable ion concentration in an effluent solution. The apparatus comprises an electrochemical cell comprising a housing comprising first and second electrodes. A water-splitting ion exchange m... | 03/18/2008 |
| 6755951 | Electrodialysis of salts for producing acids and bases An electrodialysis cell is operated in the presence of organic compounds that binds or chelates with the multivalent metals to form a metal chelating buffer. Among other things, this binding or chelating reduces power consumption, produces a stable cell operation, a... | 06/29/2004 |
| 6495013 | Bipolar membrane electrodialysis of multivalent metal salts whose corresponding base is insoluble Bipolar membrane electrodialysis methods for salt splitting polyvalent metal salts, where the metal cation can form substantially insoluble precipitates in the presence of hydroxyl ions can now be used in recovering acid and base values from a salt stream... | 12/17/2002 |
| 6482305 | Electrodialysis water splitting process An electrodialysis water splitting processes incorporates a chromatographic separation step using an amphoteric ion exchange resin to remove contamination salts from a salt solution feedstream and a base product solution. When the chromatographic column i... | 11/19/2002 |
| 6331236 | Electrodialysis of salts for producing acids and bases An electrodialysis cell is operated in the presence of organic compounds that bind or chelate with the multivalent metals to form metal-chelate buffers. Among other things, this binding or chelating reduces power consumption, produces a stable cell operat... | 12/18/2001 |
| 6319382 | Fermentative production and isolation of lactic acid A method for fermentation of lactic acid from a sugar-containing fermentation liquid in a fermentor by means of lactic acid-forming bacteria, in which whey protein is present or is added as a nutrient substrate for the lactic acid-forming bacteria, wherei... | 11/20/2001 |
| 6280593 | Process for separating off organic acids from aqueous solutions The present invention relates to a process for separating organic acids from aqueous solutions by the use of electrochemical processes such as electrolysis and electrodialysis. These processes can be used, for example, to purify aqueous solutions produced... | 08/28/2001 |
| 6217733 | Bipolar membrane and method for fabricating such bipolar membrane A bipolar membrane, usable for electrodialysis of aqueous electrolytes, comprises two ion exchange membranes, respectively anionic and cationic, juxtaposed along a common surface, wherein, along said common surface, a gel based on hydrated metal sulpate a... | 04/17/2001 |
| 6110342 | Process for production of amino acid hydrochloride and caustic via electrodialysis water splitting The invention uses a stack of three compartment electrodialysis cells in a process for the production amino acid hydrochloride and an alkali. The electrodialysis cell contains bipolar, cation and anion membranes which are arranged to form acid, base and s... | 08/29/2000 |
| 6004445 | Electrochemical methods for recovery of ascorbic acid The present invention relates to electrochemical methods for the recovery of ascorbic acid from an ascorbate salt without the co-generation of a waste salt stream and while maintaining high conductivity of the electrochemical cell thereby providing for qu... | 12/21/1999 |
| 5888368 | Process for manufacturing an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution Process for manufacturing sodium hydroxide by the electrodialysis of sodium carbonate in an electrodialysis cell having three compartments, in which an aqueous sodium carbonate solution is introduced into a compartment of the cell which is bounded between... | 03/30/1999 |
| 5814498 | Process for the recovery of organic acids and ammonia from their salts A process recovers organic acid and ammonia from their salts preferably obtained from microbial fermentation of a saccharide in a nutrient. The fermented materials is passed through a nanofiltration or a chelating resin ion-exchange bed or a combination o... | 09/29/1998 |
| 5788826 | Electrochemically assisted ion exchange A electrochemical cell for removing ions from a solution stream comprises a housing having first and second electrodes. At least one water-splitting ion exchange membrane is positioned between the electrodes, the water-splitting membrane comprising (i) a ... | 08/04/1998 |
| 5645703 | Electrodialysis-based separation process for salt recovery and recycling from waste water A method for recovering salt from a process stream containing organic contaminants is provided, comprising directing the waste stream to a desalting electrodialysis unit so as to create a concentrated and purified salt permeate and an organic contaminants... | 07/08/1997 |
| 5567293 | Electromembrane processes for the treatment of kraft mill electrostatic precipitator catch A process for the recovery of alkali metal hydroxide and acid from the alkali metal salts of monovalent anions which are mixed with the alkali metal salts of multivalent anions employs a water-splitting system composed of bipolar membranes in conjunction ... | 10/22/1996 |
| 5431792 | Method of making hypophosphorous acid Disclosed is a method of making hypophosphorous acid from sodium hypophosphite by performing electrodialytic water splitting upon an aqueous solution of sodium hypophosphite. The process can be tied into an existing process for producing sodium hypophosph... | 07/11/1995 |
| 5401408 | Bipolar membrane A bipolar membrane comprising a cation exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane and an inorganic ion exchanger layer having a thickness of from 0.01 to 100 μm present at the interface between the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membr... | 03/28/1995 |
| 5352345 | Ion exchange resin regenerant waste recovery and recycling via bipolar membranes The present invention provides an improved process for the regeneration of ion exchange gels and resins. Exhausted regenerating solutions from a either a cationic or anionic exchange column are converted into fresh regenerating solutions via one or a comb... | 10/04/1994 |
| 5288378 | Guard membranes for use in electrodialysis cells The present invention relates to an improved apparatus of the type containing membranes which are selectively permeable to ion transport and a related method. The apparatus comprises at least one guard membrane located adjacent to a first membrane. A cond... | 02/22/1994 |
| 5281317 | Electrodialytic water splitting process for removing SO2 from gases The present invention comprises an improved electrodialytic cell and closed loop process for removing SO2 from SO2 containing gases. An aqueous scrubbing medium is used to remove the SO2 from the gas. A two compartment ele... | 01/25/1994 |
| 5228962 | Separation/recovery of ammonium salts via electrodialytic water splitting The present invention is an improved process for electrodialytically generating salts of volatile acids and/or bases from a salt stream. The salt of the volatile base may either be generated from a similar salt, or may be recovered from a mixed salt solut... | 07/20/1993 |
| 5200046 | Apparatus and method for electrodialytic treatment of salts to produce acid and/or base of improved purity The present invention relates to a method and related apparatus useful to electrodialytically convert salt to acid and/or base of improved purity. The apparatus comprises an electrodialytic water splitting apparatus comprised of at least one unit cell. Ea... | 04/06/1993 |
| 5198086 | Electrodialysis of salts of weak acids and/or weak bases The present invention relates to a method and related apparatus useful to electrodialytically convert the salt of a strong base and a weak acid to base with improved purity; or the salt of a weak base and a strong acid to acid with improved purity.... | 03/30/1993 |
| 5194130 | Method to produce sodium citrate using electrodialysis The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus of electodialytically treating an acid such as citric acid to produce a desired salt of the anion of the acid, such as sodium citrate. A cation can be introduced into a solution via a cheap donor ... | 03/16/1993 |
| 5162076 | Method for purification of acids from materials comprising acid and salt A method of separating acid from an aqueous feed stream comprising acid and salt. The method is conducted in an apparatus comprising a bipolar membrane between at least one first anion membrane and at least one second anion membrane.... | 11/10/1992 |
| 5143834 | Process for the production and purification of succinic acid A process for producing and purifying succinic acid comprises growing a succinate salt-producing microorganism on an inexpensive substrate containing carbohydrate, other nutrients, sodium ions and tryptophan under a CO2 partial pressure until m... | 09/01/1992 |
| 5139632 | Recovery of mixed acids from mixed salts A process for recovering concentrated mixed acids comprising HF from mixed salts at a high efficiency is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of providing an electrodialytic water splitter comprising at least one unit cell, each cell comprising a fi... | 08/18/1992 |
| 5135626 | Method for purification of bases from materials comprising base and salt The present invention is a method of recovery of base from material comprising base or acid and salt. The method is conducted in an apparatus comprising a cation membrane between two bipolar membranes.... | 08/04/1992 |
| 5049250 | Electrodialytic treatment of aqueous solutions containing amino acids The present invention is directed to a process for the separation of an aqueous solution of at least one amphoteric compound from an aqueous feed comprising the amphoteric compound including amino acids, and at least one salt. The process is conducted in ... | 09/17/1991 |
| 5034105 | Carboxylic acid purification and crystallization process A process for preparing a carboxylic acid of high purity comprises preparing an undersaturated solution of a salt of the carboxylic acid; subjecting the undersaturated salt solution to water-splitting electrodialysis to form base and a supersaturated solu... | 07/23/1991 |
| 5006211 | Electrodialylic water splitting process for the treatment of aqueous electrolytes A process for dealkalization or acidification of aqueous salt solutions or for the splitting of the salt of such solutions employs a water splitting system of bipolar membranes in conjunction with ion selective membranes; a two component cell employs cati... | 04/09/1991 |
| 4999095 | Recovery of mixed acids from mixed salts A process for recovering concentrated mixed acids comprising HF from mixed salts at a high efficiency is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of providing an electrodialytic water splitter comprising at least one unit cell, each cell comprising a fi... | 03/12/1991 |
| 4995956 | Method and apparatus to control a salt stream to be treated in an electrodialytic water splitter The present invention is a method and apparatus of controlling a raw salt stream to be treated in an electrodialytical water splitter. An aqueous salt feed stream is fed to an electrodialysis water splitter and a dilute salt stream is withdrawn from the w... | 02/26/1991 |
| 4909916 | Method of working up the solution from the enzymatic resolution of a racemate of an N-acetyl-DL-amino-carboxylic acid There is described the working up of a solution by electrodialysis originally prepared by the enzymatic resolution of an N-acetyl-DL-aminocarboxylic acid. The electrodialysis device used consists of a plurality of three-chamber packets, each of which comp... | 03/20/1990 |
| 4740281 | Recovery of acids from materials comprising acid and salt We have discovered an improved, energy efficient method for recovering and regenerating acid from a solution comprising acid and salt. The process comprises of the steps of supplying a solution comprising salt and a first concentration of acid to a first ... | 04/26/1988 |
| 4655928 | Membrane processes for metal recovery and pollution control in metal process industries A process for the treatment of an aqueous stream containing an acid or base and typically a precipitatable material such as a metal ion comprises: (a) subjecting the aqueous stream to (i) a treatment to produce a relatively pure stream of water and a concentra... | 04/07/1987 |
| 4636289 | Solution mining of sodium minerals with acids generated by electrodialytic water splitting A process employing two- and three-compartment electrodialytic water splitting for conversion of basic sodium material such as dry-mined or subterranean deposits of trona or nahcolite into a liquid comprising aqueous sodium base such as NaOH and/or Na | 01/13/1987 |
| 4629545 | Electrodialytic water splitter and process for removal of SO2 from gases containing same and for recovery of SO2 and NaOH An electrodialytic water splitting process for recovering SO2 -containing gases for converting the spent materials used in alkaline sodium scrubbing of SO2 -containing gases into NaOH. The alkaline sodium scrubbing materials such as ... | 12/16/1986 |
| 4615780 | Method of removing oxides of sulfur and oxides of nitrogen from exhaust gases A continuous method is presented for removing both oxides of sulfur and oxides of nitrogen from combustion or exhaust gases with the regeneration of the absorbent. Exhaust gas is cleaned of particulates and HCl by a water scrub prior to contact with a liq... | 10/07/1986 |
| 4608141 | Multichamber two-compartment electrodialytic water splitter and method of using same for basification of aqueous soluble salts A basified aqueous salt solution and an aqueous acid are generated in a multichamber two-compartment electrodialytic water splitter having unit cells comprised of a bipolar membrane, a first anion permselective membrane and at least one additional substan... | 08/26/1986 |
