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...Daniel Webster invented a "bull plow" to pull out tree stumps. It didn't catch on because it was huge and required four oxen to pull it!
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7368049 | Method and apparatus for electrowinning copper using the ferrous/ferric anode reaction and a flow-through anode The present invention relates, generally, to a method and apparatus for electrowinning metals, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for copper electrowinning using the ferrous/ferric anode reaction and a flow-through anode, such as, for example, a dimensi... | 05/06/2008 |
| 7138039 | Liquid isolation of contact rings Embodiments of the invention may further provide a contact ring for an electrochemical plating system. The contact generally includes a substrate receiving member having a substrate support surface formed thereon, a plurality of electrical contact pins extending fro... | 11/21/2006 |
| 7087144 | Contact ring with embedded flexible contacts A contact assembly for supporting a substrate in an electrochemical plating system, wherein that contact assembly includes a contact ring and a thrust plate assembly. The contact ring includes an annular ring member having an upper surface and a lower surface, an an... | 08/08/2006 |
| 7077721 | Pad assembly for electrochemical mechanical processing Embodiments of a processing pad assembly for processing a substrate are provided. The processing pad assembly includes an upper layer having a processing surface and an electrode having a top side coupled to the upper layer and a bottom side opposite the top side. A... | 07/18/2006 |
| 7029365 | Pad assembly for electrochemical mechanical processing Embodiments of a pad assembly for processing a substrate are provided. The pad assembly includes a processing layer having a working surface adapted to process a substrate, a lower layer coupled to and disposed below the processing layer, and an electrode having an ... | 04/18/2006 |
| 7025861 | Contact plating apparatus Embodiments of the invention generally provide a substrate processing system and method. The substrate processing system generally includes a fluid basin configured to contain a plating solution therein, an anode assembly positioned in a lower portion of the fluid b... | 04/11/2006 |
| 6979248 | Conductive polishing article for electrochemical mechanical polishing An article of manufacture, method, and apparatus are provided for planarizing a substrate surface. In one aspect, an article of manufacture is provided for polishing a substrate including a polishing article having a body comprising at least a portion of fibers coat... | 12/27/2005 |
| 6962524 | Conductive polishing article for electrochemical mechanical polishing Embodiments of a ball assembly are provided. In one embodiment, a ball assembly includes a housing, a ball, a conductive adapter and a contact element. The housing has an annular seat extending into a first end of an interior passage. The conductive adapter is coupl... | 11/08/2005 |
| 6913845 | Reducing fuel cell cathode potential during startup and shutdown Each cell of a fuel cell stack is provided, between the anode 37 and cathodes 38, with either (a) a permanent shunt (20) which may be a discrete resistor (42-44), a diode (95), a strip of compliant carbon cloth (65), or a sm... | 07/05/2005 |
| 6908540 | Method and apparatus for encapsulation of an edge of a substrate during an electro-chemical deposition process An electro-chemical deposition method and apparatus that encapsulates a substrate's edge to prevent deposition thereon is generally provided. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a contact ring, one or more electrical contact pads disposed on the contact ring a... | 06/21/2005 |
| 6432348 | Process for forming polyimide composite electro-deposited film A process for forming a polyimide composite electro-deposited film, which excels in durability of ink repelling function, wear resistance or mold-releasing property, has the following steps. An electrically conductive film is formed on at lest one side of... | 08/13/2002 |
| 6368487 | Electrolytic cell for producing an alkali metal An electrolytic cell comprises an agitated, alkali metal amalgam-containing anode, an alkali metal ion-conducting solid electrolyte and a cathode, wherein the solid electrolyte and the cathode are separated from one another by a liquid electrolyte.... | 04/09/2002 |
| 6287448 | Electrochemical production of lithium using a lithium amalgam anode A process for producing metallic lithium starting from an aqueous solution of at least one lithium salt comprises the following steps: (I) Production of a lithium amalgam from an aqueous solution of at least one lithium salt; and (II) Electrolysis using an ano... | 09/11/2001 |
| 6251235 | Apparatus for forming an electrical contact with a semiconductor substrate The present invention is directed to an apparatus for plating a surface of a semiconductor workpiece (wafer, flat panel, magnetic films, etc.) using a liquid conductor that makes contact with the outer surface of the workpiece. The liquid conductor is sto... | 06/26/2001 |
| 5472577 | Fluid pumping system based on electrochemically-induced surface tension changes A pump for exerting a pumping force on a fluid in an attached conduit, the pump being actuated by a voltage from a power supply, the pump comprising a liquid metal pool, a containment vessel for confining the pool, an inner tubular member in hydraulic con... | 12/05/1995 |
| 5470669 | Thermoelectrochemical system and method A thermal electrochemical system in which an electrical current is generated between a cathode immersed in a concentrated aqueous solution of phosphoric acid and an anode immersed in a molten salt solution of ammonium phosphate and monohydric ammonium pho... | 11/28/1995 |
| 4973550 | Process for the electrochemical regeneration of co-enzymes A process for the electrochemical regeneration of a co-enzyme, which process comprises the steps of (i) electrochemically oxidizing a medium containing oxidized co-enzyme and biochemically inactive isomers of the co-enzyme to oxidize the biochemically ina... | 11/27/1990 |
| 4526667 | Corrosion protection anode A cathodic protection system for protecting a metallic structure (16,74) from corrosion caused by current flowing between the structure and surrounding environment includes a non-ionized metal anode (18) which exists in a liquid state at the particular pr... | 07/02/1985 |
| 4448660 | Monitoring apparatus A monitoring and control apparatus for flowing mercury electrolytic cells by measurement of the voltage drop in the shunted feed line of each electrode group comprising taps at the ends of a measured section of electrical bus bars for each electrode group... | 05/15/1984 |
| 4440614 | Inlet end box brine pipe baffle In a flowing mercury cathode electrolytic cell for the electrolysis of aqueous solutions there is provided an improved brine flow baffle insertable into the brine inlet trough.... | 04/03/1984 |
| 4364811 | Electrodes for electrolytic cells This invention relates to electrodes for electrolytic cells. More particularly, this invention relates to electrodes for an electrolytic cell comprising: (a) means for supplying electric current; (b) a main current distributor; (c) rectangular-sectioned conduc... | 12/21/1982 |
| 4303491 | Apparatus for cleaning the bottom of electrolytic mercury cathode cells An apparatus is disclosed for cleaning the bottom of mercury cathode electrolytic cells or the like, usable in closed cells which are cut off from the power supply and maintained under suction, characterized in that said apparatus consists essentially of ... | 12/01/1981 |
| 4283263 | Cover for electrolytic cells An electrolytic cell for electrolysis of an aqueous sodium chloride solution is provided with a closure for its open side which is resistant to degradation by chlorine and ozone. The cover has an external elastomeric layer which is stable when exposed to ... | 08/11/1981 |
| 4204937 | Novel electrolytic amalgam denuder apparatus An improved process for the production of halogens and alkali metal hydroxide by electrolysis of aqueous solution of alkali metal halides in a flowing mercury electrolysis cell wherein the salt solutions do not have to purified and to novel amalgam denude... | 05/27/1980 |
| 4152237 | Deflected flow inlet system for mercury cells A deflected flow inlet system for use in mercury-type electrolytic cells to help prevent inlet flow from jumping the inlet channel and splattering the mercury cathode onto the anodes.... | 05/01/1979 |
| 4107020 | Vertical elecrolytic cells A vertical electrolytic cell has an anode separated from a cathode by a diaphragm. The cathode comprises continuous threads of mercury flowing down by gravity from evenly distributed apertures in the bottom wall of at least one channel fed with mercury.... | 08/15/1978 |
| 4101407 | Horizontal electrolyzers with mercury cathode A horizontal electrolyzer comprises a mercury cathode, an anode located above the cathode and an inclined diaphragm separating the cathode from the anode, the cathode, diaphragm and anode being substantially parallel. The cathode consists of mercury flowi... | 07/18/1978 |
| 4091829 | Vertical liquid electrode employed in electrolytic cells A vertical liquid electrode is employed in an electrolytic cell used to manufacture chemical products by the electrolytic decomposition of an electrolyte. The cell incorporates the advantages of high current density, high current efficiency, low space req... | 05/30/1978 |
