William F. Semple, a dentist, was awarded the first US Patent on chewing gum in 1869. His recipe contained powdered chalk.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7334630 | Closed-loop microchannel cooling system Apparatus and methods according to the present invention utilize micropumps that are capable of generating high pressure and flow without moving mechanical parts and the associated generation of unacceptable electrical and acoustic noise, as well as the associated r... | 02/26/2008 |
| 7320357 | Thermal control of automotive interiors with phase change material The inventive method includes the utilization of different phase change materials with different melting temperature ranges in each of the headliner (3), the seats (7), and the instrument panel (12) of an automobile in order to save energy while... | 01/22/2008 |
| 7306750 | Carboxylate salts in heat-storage applications The application of carboxylate salts for storing thermal energy is disclosed. The invention is directed to methods for the storage and use of thermal energy comprising contacting mixtures of alkali metal salts or alkali earth metal salts of carboxylic acids, storing... | 12/11/2007 |
| 7260941 | Superconductor device having superconductive magnet and refrigeration unit A superconducting magnet with at least one cooling agent-free superconducting coil is provided along with a cooling unit with at least one cold head. A conduit system, thermally coupling the coil to the cold head, includes at least one duct in which a cooling agent ... | 08/28/2007 |
| 7240496 | Superconductive device comprising a refrigeration unit, equipped with a refrigeration head that is thermally coupled to a rotating superconductive winding The invention relates to a superconductive device containing a rotor that can be rotated about an axis of rotation and that comprises a superconductive winding in a winding support. Said winding support has a central cavity, into which two fixed thermal tubes projec... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7222659 | Heat and cold storage multistage tower with application of PCM A heat management system include including application of phase change materials (PCM). A heat or cold storage multistage tower has a housing with a multistage system of flat rigid container. A significant fraction of internal space of each container is filled with ... | 05/29/2007 |
| 7219715 | Cooling systems incorporating heat transfer meshes Apparatus for cooling of an electrical element package, comprising in combination structure including a hollow body, defining a cavity containing cooling fluid, the structure defining an opening or passage whereby direct contact of the cooling fluid with the package... | 05/22/2007 |
| 7076960 | Preserving system To provide a preserving system capable of re-using vaporized nitrogen, and moreover, capable of always cooling the specimens at a predetermined temperature or lower. The preserving system comprising a cylinder and the preserving vessel which is supplied with liquid ... | 07/18/2006 |
| 7061104 | Apparatus for conditioning power and managing thermal energy in an electronic device In one aspect, the present invention is a technique of, and a system for conditioning power for a consuming device. In this regard, a power conditioning module, affixed to an integrated circuit device, conditions power to be applied to the integrated circuit device.... | 06/13/2006 |
| 7021080 | Refrigerator A refrigerant circuit (10) is formed by connecting, in the order given, a compressor (11), a four-way selector valve (12), an outdoor heat exchanger (13), an expansion valve (14), and an indoor heat exchanger (15) by a gas s... | 04/04/2006 |
| 6997248 | High pressure high temperature charge air cooler A charge air cooler formed of copper or a copper alloy for withstanding high temperatures and high pressures is described. The charge air cooler is made to withstand temperatures over about 300° C. and pressures greater than about 40 bars in one embodiment, and tem... | 02/14/2006 |
| 6994151 | Vapor escape microchannel heat exchanger A vapor escape membrane for use in a heat exchanging device, including a heat pipe or heat sink that runs liquid into a cooling region positioned adjacent to the heat producing device, the vapor escape membrane comprising: a porous surface for removing vapor produce... | 02/07/2006 |
| 6983790 | Heat transport device, semiconductor apparatus using the heat transport device and extra-atmospheric mobile unit using the heat transport device A heat transport device includes a container having a hollow structure including a fluid channel, at least one thermal-receiver heat exchanger and one thermal-radiator heat exchanger arranged side-by-side on an outer wall of the container along the fluid channel, an... | 01/10/2006 |
| 6981543 | Modular capillary pumped loop cooling system A modular capillary pump loop (CPL) cooling system and associated components. The modular CPL cooling system transfers heat from high-power circuit components, such as microprocessors disposed within computer chassis, to other locations within or external to the cha... | 01/03/2006 |
| 6959585 | Skids, modules, and modular system for monitoring hydrogen-cooled generators A modular system for monitoring a hydrogen-cooled generator includes a skid having a platform and an upwardly extending support. The support is attachable to a hydrogen gas purity monitoring module, a generator overheat monitoring module, a hydrogen gas dryer module... | 11/01/2005 |
| 6931834 | Cooling systems Apparatus for maintaining the temperature of a component of a gas turbine engine below a predetermined maximum working temperature comprises a reservoir for a cooling fluid having a boiling point below the working temperature and in which the component is immersed o... | 08/23/2005 |
| 6871700 | Thermal flux regulator A heat transfer regulating mixture having a metallic component A with a melting point TA and a particulate ceramic component B which is non-wettable by the metallic component A, non-reactive therewith and which has a melting temperature TB whic... | 03/29/2005 |
| 6662859 | Cooler for power electronics A cooler for an electrical component, including a pressure-tight vessel enclosing the electrical component and including a support plate above the electrical component, a bath of electrically insulating and evaporating liquid surrounding the electrical co... | 12/16/2003 |
| 6578629 | Application of heat pipe science to heating, refrigeration and air conditioning systems An air conditioning system comprising a plurality of heat pipes. Each of the heat pipes includes an input coil at the input end of a chiller for the passage of input air there through and an output coil at the output end of a chiller for the passage of ou... | 06/17/2003 |
| 6552901 | Apparatus and system for cooling electronic circuitry, heat sinks, and related components Apparatus and systems for cooling heat sinks, integrated circuit boards, and electronic components by providing internal passageways in the heat sinks, circuit boards, and electronic components that connect to a fluid manifold. The internal passageways co... | 04/22/2003 |
| 6397933 | Method and device for cooling of electronic/computer equipment and use thereof A cooling system for cooling electronic/computer equipment in an equipment room in a station. A fan device causes heat exchanging air circulation between a battery and the equipment, where the air is guided by an air guiding device. The air guiding device... | 06/04/2002 |
| 6322332 | Device for the external cooling of the electric drive motor of a centrifugal pump unit A device for the external cooling of the electrical drive motor of a centrifugal pump unit, which with the motor is advantageously to be assembled above the centrifugal pump, comprises a hermetically closed hollow body of heat-conducting material which ci... | 11/27/2001 |
| 6183855 | Flexible composite material with phase change thermal storage A highly flexible composite material having a flexible matrix containing a phase change thermal storage material. The composite material can be made to heat or cool the body or to act as a thermal buffer to protect the wearer from changing environmental c... | 02/06/2001 |
| 5899265 | Reflux cooler coupled with heat pipes to enhance load-sharing A heat exchanger for aircraft electronics. The present invention provides a plurality of reflux coolers wherein each reflux cooler is primarily dedicated to cooling a specific electronic component, such as one phase of a multiphase device. The reflux cool... | 05/04/1999 |
| 5857768 | Apparatus for cooling a light beam Apparatus for cooling a light beam used to project an image on a projection surface. The apparatus includes a light beam source and a gas cooling circuit. A cooling chamber is connected to conduct gas through the circuit. An image projection device is mou... | 01/12/1999 |
| 5647662 | Apparatus for cooling a light beam Apparatus for cooling a light beam used to project an image on a projection surface. The apparatus includes a light beam source and a gas cooling circuit. A cooling chamber is connected to conduct gas through the circuit. An image projection device is mou... | 07/15/1997 |
| 5585174 | Heat-accumulating material and use thereof Disclosed is a heat-accumulating material comprising a thermally inert max which is an open-porosity substance, and a thermosensitive working substance which is a hygroscopic substance capable of reversible dehydration-hydration processes. A heat-accumul... | 12/17/1996 |
| 5579828 | Flexible insert for heat pipe freeze protection A flexible, pressurized insert for insertion within the hot (evaporator) side of an inclined heat pipe that forms a part of a heat pipe heat exchanger. This insert is employed in order to prevent such heat pipe from rupturing in the event the working flui... | 12/03/1996 |
| 5540899 | BI-directional control of temperatures in reactant channels A reactor arrangement and process for indirectly contacting a reactant stream with a heat exchange stream uses multiple passes of the heat exchange stream in a transverse flow arrangement to control temperature conditions over the width and length of chan... | 07/30/1996 |
| 5427174 | Method and apparatus for a self contained heat exchanger A self contained heat exchanger useful for reducing the operational temperature of a solid state device utilizing mixtures of two or more coolants within a hermetically sealed chamber or chambers. The present invention includes embodiments that are useful... | 06/27/1995 |
| 5348080 | Latent heat storage apparatus and latent heat storage solution therefor A latent heat storage apparatus is provided and a latent heat storage solution therefor stores and retrieves a cool heat substantially in or from a latent heat thereof necessary for air conditioning, cooling, refrigerating, and so forth. The latent heat s... | 09/20/1994 |
| 5297621 | Method and apparatus for maintaining electrically operating device temperatures A method and apparatus for maintaining an electrically operating device at a desired temperature during burn-in testing of the device includes immersing the device in a bath of an inert liquid having a boiling point less than the desired case temperature.... | 03/29/1994 |
| 5277245 | Heat transfer in fluidized bed of cohesive powder In method for enhancing heat transfer in a bed of powder comprising cohesive Geldart type C particles confined by a wall of a vertically oriented container and being fluidized by the upward flow of fluidizing gas through the bed of powder, heat is transfe... | 01/11/1994 |
| 5201364 | Apparatus for heating and cooling food articles having removable plates with fluid sealed therein An apparatus is disclosed for heating or cooling food articles including a chamber containing a plurality of tubular, vertically, spaced-apart support means having a fluid inlet and outlet. A plurality of removably mounted hollow plates each having a plur... | 04/13/1993 |
| 5195577 | Cooling device for power semiconductor switching elements A boiling type cooling device for cooling power semiconductors includes an evaporator containing an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol as a cooling medium, a condenser; and a vapor and liquid return pipe. According to a first aspect, the lowest portion o... | 03/23/1993 |
| 5189884 | Passive heat pump with non-azeotropic refrigerant A two-stage air-to-air heat pump comprises two passageways between the outside and inside of a building with a passive heat pump first stage and an active heat pump second stage. One end of the heat pump is disposed in one of the passageways and the other... | 03/02/1993 |
| 5143147 | Cooling process associated with a process employing anhydrous hydrofluoric acid This process is intended to remove at least a part of the heat produced in at least one reaction and/or purification operation involving anhydrous HF, the cooling being performed by heat exchange with a cooling fluid circulating in a circuit which compris... | 09/01/1992 |
| 5140824 | Gas hydrate thermal energy storage system Gas hydrate thermal energy storage system and process useful for heating, air conditioning and process cooling, in which a liquid phase and a vapor phase of a 3-component mixture of a refrigerant, heat transfer oil and water, are maintained in an enclosed... | 08/25/1992 |
| 5103899 | Multi-flow tubular heat exchanger A multi-flow tubular heat exchanger is enclosed. The heat exchanger includes a shell that encloses one or more cooling stream tubes, one or more heating stream tubes, and a heat transfer fluid.... | 04/14/1992 |
| 5101888 | Heat pipe systems A heat pipe system is provided in which the working fluid is selected to enhance operation of the heat pipe by utilizing a salt compound having a boiling point of about 600° K. at one atmosphere.... | 04/07/1992 |