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3M employee and church chorister Art Fry needed something to temporarily mark pages in his hymnal. He was in luck because his colleague, Spencer Silver, accidentally developed a glue that was too weak for other purposes. After initially discouraging consumer response, Post-it Notes became a hit in 1979.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7931015 | Method and apparatus for controlling diesel engine A diesel engine may be stably controlled without an exhaust gas temperature at an upstream side of a turbocharger, by a method for controlling a diesel engine that includes: detecting an engine rotation speed; detecting or estimating a lambda value; estimating an ex... | 04/26/2011 |
| 7891347 | Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine The invention relates to the operation of an internal combustion engine, a first model value or a second model value of the exhaust gas counter pressure is determined upstream of the exhaust gas catalytic converter of the internal combustion engine as a function of ... | 02/22/2011 |
| 7753039 | Exhaust gas control apparatus of an internal combustion engine A first cylinder and a second cylinder are provided. A first exhaust pipe is connected to the first cylinder and a second exhaust pipe is connected to the second cylinder. A communicating pipe connects together an intermediate portion of the first exhaust pipe with ... | 07/13/2010 |
| 7735478 | Method of calculating mass fraction burnt in an internal combustion engine based on rassweiler-withrow method for real-time applications A system and method for determining mass fraction burned in an internal combustion engine includes a plurality of engine sensors and a control module determining a ratio of specific heat from a combination of one or more from the group of exhaust gas temperature, in... | 06/15/2010 |
| 7690369 | Fuel pressure controlling device of engine A fuel pressure controlling device for an engine is provided including a fuel injection device, an ignition device, a catalyst for removing pollutants from engine exhaust. A controller selects a combustion mode from at least a homogeneous combustion mode fuel is inj... | 04/06/2010 |
| 7658184 | Method and apparatus for providing fuel to an aircraft engine An aircraft engine includes an aircraft engine controller configured to detect an actual peak exhaust gas temperature of a cylinder assembly. The aircraft engine controller detects an intersection between a first function representing a relationship between a set of... | 02/09/2010 |
| 7650879 | Two-stroke internal combustion engine A two-stroke internal combustion engine comprising a combustion space, which is enclosed by a cylinder having an end wall, and a piston that is connected to a crankshaft, which piston is capable of reciprocating motion within the cylinder between a position in which... | 01/26/2010 |
| 7597092 | Internal combustion engine and method for controlling a supercharged internal combustion engine The invention relates to n internal combustion engine and method for controlling a supercharged internal combustion engine, wherein a deviation of the actual lambda value from a calculated lambda value is detected. The value for the exhaust back pressure is correcte... | 10/06/2009 |
| 7591258 | Exhaust temperature based control strategy for balancing cylinder-to-cylinder fueling variation in a combustion engine The present disclosure provides a control strategy for balancing injector-to-injector fueling variations for a combustion engine having multiple combustion chambers (and cylinders), with multiple individually actuated injectors for injecting fuel into the combustion... | 09/22/2009 |
| 7568477 | Control system for an exhaust gas sensor An oxygen sensor is mounted in an exhaust path of an internal combustion engine. The status of an exhaust gas is detected in accordance with the output of the oxygen sensor. The oxygen sensor incorporates a heater for heating an element of the sensor. In a region in... | 08/04/2009 |
| 7440836 | Control system for internal combustion engine A control system for an internal combustion engine, which is capable of properly performing air-fuel ratio control and ignition timing control according to an actual amount of intake air, even when reliability of the results of detection of the operating condition o... | 10/21/2008 |
| 7433777 | Engine protection system and method for construction machine An engine protection system for a construction machine can individually diagnose the exhaust temperature specific to each cylinder of an engine corresponding to an engine revolution speed in order to find an abnormal condition of each engine cylinder in advance. A r... | 10/07/2008 |
| 7426433 | Method and switch for controlling exhaust gas temperature A method for controlling exhaust gas temperature of a combustion engine comprising: setting predefined high and low exhaust temperatures; using at least one sensor to measure exhaust gas temperature; using computer instructions to instruct a processor to compare the... | 09/16/2008 |
| 7412965 | Exhaust control system for an internal combustion engine An exhaust control system for an internal combustion engine having a plurality of actuators wherein each actuator controls a predetermined engine parameter. A plurality of sensors are also associated with the engine and each sensor provides an output representative ... | 08/19/2008 |
| 7369932 | System and method for turbine engine fault detection using discrete event system modeling A system and method is provided for fault detection in a turbine engine. The fault detection system and method uses discrete event system modeling to provide improved fault diagnosis and prognosis. The fault detection system and method receives sensor taken at multi... | 05/06/2008 |
| 7359791 | Internal-combustion engine with means for determining the mass of fresh intake air, and associated method of determination An internal-combustion engine, comprises at least one cylinder, at least one intake pipe and at least one exhaust pipe associated to the cylinder, at least one intake valve and at least one exhaust valve, which control passage through the intake and exhaust pipes, w... | 04/15/2008 |
| 7353804 | Method and arrangement for achieving an adjusted engine setting utilizing engine output and/or fuel consumption A method and associated arrangement for achieving an adjusted engine setting utilizing engine output and/or fuel consumption. An engine that consumes fuel is run. Fuel consumption and/or engine operation output is determined. A value is determined utilizing the dete... | 04/08/2008 |
| 7337772 | Apparatus for and method of controlling temperature of exhaust gas sensor, and recording medium storing program for controlling temperature of exhaust gas sensor The temperature of an exhaust gas flowing through an exhaust passage 3 is estimated or detected, and the temperature of an active element of an exhaust gas sensor 8. (O2 sensor) is controlled at a predetermined target temperature by a heater... | 03/04/2008 |
| 7337771 | Method and apparatus for the cylinder-specific determination and control of a fuel injection quantity In a method and apparatus for the cylinder-specific determination and control of a fuel injection quantity for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas pressures of the cylinders of the internal combustion engine is recorded on a time-resolved, i... | 03/04/2008 |
| 7322186 | Exhaust gas purifying system for internal combustion engine In an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for a diesel engine having a diesel particulate filter provided in an exhaust pipe, a pressure loss at the filter is detected. An accumulated amount of diesel particulates in the filter is calculated based on the pressure loss a... | 01/29/2008 |
| 7318409 | Vehicle engine control system utilizing humidity sensor A system and method for utilizing a humidity sensor with an internal combustion engine of a vehicle is described. Specifically, information from the humidity sensor is used to adjust a desired air-fuel ratio to reduce engine misfire while improving vehicle fuel econ... | 01/15/2008 |
| 7305819 | Plant temperature control system In a temperature control system of a plant such as an engine exhaust system, there are provided a catalyst heat model calculating a temperature estimated value of the plant, a temperature sensor model inputting the calculated value to calculate an output estimated v... | 12/11/2007 |
| 7305825 | Engine turbine temperature control system A turbine temperature control (TTC) system for regulating operation of an engine to control a temperature of a forced air induction device. The system includes a sensor that is responsive to an exhaust gas temperature and that generates a signal. A control module de... | 12/11/2007 |
| 7302942 | Method and device for operating an internal combustion engine A method and a device for operating an internal combustion engine make it possible to monitor a temperature sensor or a lambda sensor in an exhaust system of the internal combustion engine for functionality in the entire operating range of the internal combustion en... | 12/04/2007 |
| 7305299 | Device and method of controlling exhaust gas sensor temperature, and recording medium for exhaust gas sensor temperature control program An apparatus for controlling temperature of an exhaust gas sensor can include a temperature estimating device for sequentially estimating the temperature of an active element based on a predetermined element temperature model, which is representative of a temperatur... | 12/04/2007 |
| 7299689 | Process and device for determining the internal temperature of a catalytic converter of a vehicle equipped with a heat engine The present invention pertains to a process for determining the internal temperature of a catalytic converter of a vehicle equipped with a heat engine. According to the present invention, such a process is characterized in that this temperature is determined by calc... | 11/27/2007 |
| 7296562 | Control system and method for estimating turbocharger performance A control system for estimating the performance of a compressor is disclosed. The control system has a compressor fluidly connected to an inlet manifold of a power source. The control system also has a power source speed sensor to provide an indication of a rotation... | 11/20/2007 |
| 7281440 | Particulate sampling system having flow check device A particulate sampling system is disclosed. The particulate sampling system may include an exhaust sampling unit and a dilution flow assembly to supply dilution air to the exhaust sampling unit. The particulate sampling system may also include a total flow assembly ... | 10/16/2007 |
| 7263825 | Apparatus, system, and method for detecting and labeling a filter regeneration event An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for detecting and evaluating a filter regeneration event. The apparatus, in one embodiment, is configured to determine whether an oxidation rate of soot accumulated on a particulate filter has attained a level sufficien... | 09/04/2007 |
| 7254478 | Method of estimating airflow in an air injection reaction system A method of estimating the quantity of secondary reaction airflow supplied to the exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine by an air injection reaction (AIR) system models airflows in an AIR pump, an AIR valve, and a plenum coupling the pump to the valve. T... | 08/07/2007 |
| 7249596 | Fuel system for an internal combustion engine and method for controlling same A fuel system for use in an internal combustion engine includes a plurality of fuel injectors, each injector including at least one capillary flow passage, the at least one capillary flow passage having an inlet end and an outlet end, a heat source arranged along th... | 07/31/2007 |
| 7243018 | Method of identifying noncompliant fuel in an automotive vehicle The present invention provides a method of identifying noncompliant fuel of a vehicle and improving drivability. The method comprises: (a) confirming a present coolant temperature after the vehicle has been started, (b) setting a coolant temperature factor value bas... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7231807 | Gas measuring device and method with compensation of disturbances Disclosed is a gas measuring device which comprises compensation of disturbances and offers high accuracy of measurement immediately after being activated. Said gas measuring device is provided with a gas sensor (1) for generating a measuring signal (S1 | 06/19/2007 |
| 7231292 | Systems and methods for resetting vehicle emission system error indicators A method of resetting an active emissions system error indicator associated with a vehicle. The method comprises performing at least a first requesting step, where the requesting step is performed indirectly by using a record mode function until said active e emissi... | 06/12/2007 |
| 7231291 | Apparatus, system, and method for providing combined sensor and estimated feedback An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for providing system feedback from combined input values in a sensor-based control system wherein the reliability of a sensor response is questionable under defined conditions. The apparatus, in one embodiment, is confi... | 06/12/2007 |
| 7228221 | Control apparatus and control method for internal combustion engine A control apparatus retards ignition timing of the engine, and increases an amount of a fuel supplied to the engine based on a retard amount of the ignition timing, by calculating a maximum engine intake air amount at which an exhaust system temperature can be maint... | 06/05/2007 |
| 7225801 | Default mode for lean burn engine A multi-cylinder group engine system operable in at least a first mode and a second mode, where in the first mode a first and second cylinder group combust air and fuel with a lean air-fuel ratio, and where in the second mode at least one of the first and second cyl... | 06/05/2007 |
| 7223946 | Method and device for control and diagnosis for the heating of a lambda probe A method for controlling and regulating an electrical heating of a probe situated in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, a total heating power of the probe being set, and an actual temperature value of the probe being determined by measuring a chara... | 05/29/2007 |
| 7216638 | Control of exhaust gas stoichiometry with inducted secondary air flow A method for operating a marine engine uses four valves to control the flow of secondary air that is inducted into each of the cylinders of an engine. An oxygen sensor is disposed in an exhaust passage downstream from the cylinders and upstream from a catalytic conv... | 05/15/2007 |
| 7207309 | Runaway engine shutdown using compression inhibiting mechanism An engine that is operating with a combustible intake mixture may begin in to runaway, or in other words, uncontrollably operate at excessive speeds. In order to shutdown a runaway engine, the present disclosure determines whether an engine is operating in a runaway... | 04/24/2007 |
