Did You Know...
...that the x-ray was discovered purely by accident? When German physicist Wilhelm Konrad von Roentgen was experimenting with cathode rays in 1895, he put an activated Crookes tube in a book and went out to lunch. When he returned, he discovered that a key that had also been placed in the book showed up as an image on the developed film!
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 8079346 | Oxygen activating material, combustion efficiency improving material, plant growth promoting material, aerobic microorganism activating material, animal growth promoting and activating material, muscle softening material, rust removing and preventing material, and oxygen activating method The invention provides an oxygen activating material, which includes as a major constituent an iron-semiconductor alloy containing iron and semiconductor components. A combustion efficiency improving material, a plant growth promoting material, an aerobic microorgan... | 12/20/2011 |
| 7938103 | Internal combustion water injection engine An internal combustion system and a water injection nozzle to position a water mist within an internal chamber of an internal combustion engine. In one form, the apical cone of the injection is altered with respect to the position of the piston within the interior c... | 05/10/2011 |
| 7603991 | Method and equipment for reducing emission and fuel consumption in order to improve combustion in internal combustion engines A method and an equipment for reducing emission and fuel consumption in order to improve combustion in internal combustion engines, whereas, in order to achieve perfect combustion, prior to its entry into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, the... | 10/20/2009 |
| 7568473 | Auxiliary-gas supplying apparatus for combustion engine An auxiliary-gas supplying apparatus A for combustion engine B according to the invention includes: an ozone generator 3; an auxiliary gas generator 8 for generating an auxiliary gas containing ionized oxygen; and an intake auxiliary-gas supply path | 08/04/2009 |
| 7455055 | Method of operation of, and protector for, high voltage power supply for electrostatic precipitator A protection and operation system and method is provided for a high voltage power supply of an electrostatic precipitator by protecting the power supply from overload when current demand becomes too high, including due to electrode contamination, including during ar... | 11/25/2008 |
| 7444998 | Hydrogen-oxygen plasma engines and dosing methods therefor Disclosed embodiments of proposed hydrogen-oxygen and hydrogen-air engines are usable in automotive, power-producing, and other industries. The engines comprise cylinders; water dissociation units, including thermo-impact transformers and possibly electrolyzers; ion... | 11/04/2008 |
| 7431008 | Ignition system of an internal combustion engine An ignition system of an internal combustion engine, of a motor vehicle in particular, having at least one device for igniting a jet of a fuel/air mixture which has a chamber enclosing a process space in which the ignition of the fuel/air mixture takes place. The ch... | 10/07/2008 |
| 7392795 | Internal combustion engine and combustion control method An internal combustion engine is provided that basically comprises a combustion chamber, an electric discharge unit and a controller. The combustion chamber receives a mixture of fuel and air that is caused to undergo compression self ignition. The electric discharg... | 07/01/2008 |
| 7372056 | LPP EUV plasma source material target delivery system An EUV light generation system and method is disclosed that may comprise a droplet generator producing plasma source material target droplets traveling toward the vicinity of a plasma source material target irradiation site; a drive laser; a drive laser focusing opt... | 05/13/2008 |
| 7368741 | Extreme ultraviolet light source The present invention provides a reliable, high-repetition rate, production line compatible high energy photon source. A very hot plasma containing an active material is produced in vacuum chamber. The active material is an atomic element having an emission line wit... | 05/06/2008 |
| 7365349 | EUV light source collector lifetime improvements An apparatus and method for cleaning a plasma source material compound from a plasma produced EUV light source collector optic which may comprise reacting the plasma source material compound with hydrogen to form a hydride of the plasma source material from the plas... | 04/29/2008 |
| 7365351 | Systems for protecting internal components of a EUV light source from plasma-generated debris Systems and methods are disclosed for protecting an EUV light source plasma production chamber optical element surface from debris generated by plasma formation. In one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a shield is disclosed which comprises at least ... | 04/29/2008 |
| 7355191 | Systems and methods for cleaning a chamber window of an EUV light source Systems and methods are disclosed for cleaning a chamber window of an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) light source. The window may have an inside surface facing a chamber interior and an opposed outside surface and the light source may generate debris by plasma formation.... | 04/08/2008 |
| 7353813 | Spark ignition engine, controller for use in the engine, ignition coil for use in the engine An engine generating two or more ignition sparks by the same spark plug, which can avoid a torque reduction caused by misfire of main ignition, can start firing and burning at proper timing depending on operating conditions, and can reduce misfires. A novel controll... | 04/08/2008 |
| 7341049 | Apparatus for improving efficiency and emissions of combustion An apparatus increases the efficiency and emissions of a combustion process by producing sufficient amounts of ozone in the air flow to the combustion chamber to enable more complete and cleaner combustion of the fuel. Embodiments of the invention include a pluralit... | 03/11/2008 |
| 7341446 | Nuclear resonance applications for enhanced combustion A method of enhancing the combustion process by stimulating one or more components of a fuel/air mixture using nuclear resonance to selectively reduce or increase the oxidation of selected components of the combustion reaction, e.g., nitrogen (N-14) or hydrogen (H-1... | 03/11/2008 |
| 7331336 | Power air-fuel levitation compression Apparatus for magnetically conditioning incoming air and fuel to an internal combustion engine to improve engine operation. Magnets are applied in a bipolar arrangement to the fuel system and air intake apparatus of an internal combustion engine system for reducing ... | 02/19/2008 |
| 7317196 | LPP EUV light source An apparatus and method is described for effectively and efficiently providing plasma irradiation laser light pulses in an LPP EUV light source which may comprise a laser initial target irradiation pulse generating mechanism irradiating a plasma initiation target wi... | 01/08/2008 |
| 7291853 | Discharge produced plasma EUV light source An DPP EUV source is disclosed which may comprise a debris mitigation apparatus employing a metal halogen gas producing a metal halide from debris exiting the plasma. The EUV source may have a debris shield that may comprise a plurality of curvilinear shield members... | 11/06/2007 |
| 7281526 | Liquid fuel improving catalyst and liquid fuel improving device storing the catalyst The present invention relates to liquid fuel reforming catalyst which reforms liquid fuel to have a more efficient combustion characteristic by using minus-ionizing in the fuel. The device improves the power output, fuel economy, reduces the Particulate Material (PM... | 10/16/2007 |
| 7278389 | Automobile intake air flow plenum and plenum diverter An airflow diverter and replacement air intake plenum is disclosed that provides an increase in the air speed and airflow within the intake plenum of an automobile. The increase is the result of providing appropriately sized and shaped apparatus to smooth out the ai... | 10/09/2007 |
| 7273044 | Hydrogen fuel system for an internal combustion engine A hydrogen fuel system for an internal combustion engine includes an electrolyzer for generating hydrogen and oxygen gases. The engine exhaust may be recycled through the electrolyer where it is converted to hydrogen and oxygen. A water reservoir in fluid communicat... | 09/25/2007 |
| 7247870 | Systems for protecting internal components of an EUV light source from plasma-generated debris Systems and methods are disclosed for protecting an EUV light source plasma production chamber optical element surface from debris generated by plasma formation. In one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a shield is disclosed which comprises at least ... | 07/24/2007 |
| 7240480 | Dual Combustion Mode Engine An internal combustion engine is disclosed in which at least one cylinder is adapted to run in homogeneous-charge compression-ignition (HCCI) combustion mode and at least one cylinder is adapted to run in spark-ignition (SI) combustion mode with the HCCI cylinder ha... | 07/10/2007 |
| 7234654 | Fuel injector A fuel injector, in particular for the direct injection of fuel into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, having a valve-closure member which cooperates with a valve-seat surface formed on a valve-seat body, to form a sealing seat, includes at leas... | 06/26/2007 |
| 7217941 | Systems and methods for deflecting plasma-generated ions to prevent the ions from reaching an internal component of an EUV light source A system is disclosed for protecting an internal EUV light source component from ions generated at a plasma formation site. In one aspect, the system may comprise a plurality of foil plates and an arrangement for generating a magnetic field to deflect ions into one ... | 05/15/2007 |
| 7204220 | Device for igniting an air-fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine by means of a high frequency electric energy source A device is described for igniting an air-fuel mixture in an internal combustion engine using a high-frequency electric power source having a coaxial waveguide structure (5) into which the high-frequency electric power may be coupled and whose one end protrud... | 04/17/2007 |
| 7201882 | Device for producing a plasma, ionization method, use of said method and production processes using said device In the field of transformation of material there is a device for producing a plasma, a method for ionizing material using the device, uses of the inventive method and production processes using the device. The device includes a resonant chamber, an acoustic chamber ... | 04/10/2007 |
| 7198208 | Fuel injection assembly A fuel injection assembly comprising a main structure (101) for mounting on an internal combustion engine, the main structure having one or more orifices (115) for injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, a... | 04/03/2007 |
| 7196342 | Systems and methods for reducing the influence of plasma-generated debris on the internal components of an EUV light source Systems and methods are disclosed for reducing the influence of plasma generated debris on internal components of an EUV light source. In one aspect, an EUV meteorology monitor is provided which may have a heater to heat an internal multi-layer filtering mirror to a... | 03/27/2007 |
| 7193228 | EUV light source optical elements Apparatus and methods are disclosed for forming plasma generated EUV light source optical elements, e.g., reflectors comprising MLM stacks employing various binary layer materials and capping layer(s) including single and binary capping layers for utilization in pla... | 03/20/2007 |
| 7188466 | Passive, high-temperature amplifier for amplifying spark signals detected in igniter in gas turbine engine A system for detecting spark in an igniter for a gas turbine engine. An igniter generates a plasma, or spark, somewhat similar to an automotive spark plug. In the invention, an inductive pick-up is positioned adjacent the igniter, to detect current pulses in the ign... | 03/13/2007 |
| 7182076 | Spark-based igniting system for internal combustion engines A spark-based igniting system for internal combustion engines includes a cylinder, at least one piston, a combustion chamber, a spark insert, and a RF energy source. The piston is disposed within the cylinder for moving slidably between a top dead center position an... | 02/27/2007 |
| 7180083 | EUV light source collector erosion mitigation An EUV light source collector erosion mitigation system and method is disclosed which may comprise a collector comprising a multilayered mirror collector comprising a collector outer surface composed of a capping material subject to removal due to a removing interac... | 02/20/2007 |
| 7171955 | Flowing fluid conditioner A method and system for temperature conditioning of engine intake air by use of controllable intercooler which consists of an active thermoelectric device and a controllable valve system which optimally directs the path of airflow through a plurality of chambers in ... | 02/06/2007 |
| 7141806 | EUV light source collector erosion mitigation An EUV light source collector erosion mitigation method and apparatus for a collector comprising a multilayered mirror collector comprising a collector outer surface composed of a capping material subject to removal due to a removing interaction with materials creat... | 11/28/2006 |
| 7122816 | Method and apparatus for EUV light source target material handling An EUV light source plasma source material handling system and method is disclosed which may comprise a droplet generator having a droplet generator plasma source material reservoir in fluid communication with a droplet formation capillary and maintained within a se... | 10/17/2006 |
| 7117859 | Air bleed vapor system An air bleed vapor system is provided having a primary vapor manifold connected to a fuel line take-off for providing a source of liquid fuel to the system. A vapor control module incorporates a precision needle valve for allowing metering of extremely small flowrat... | 10/10/2006 |
| 7114858 | Laser based ignition system for natural gas reciprocating engines, laser based ignition system having capability to detect successful ignition event; and distributor system for use with high-powered pulsed lasers A laser based ignition system for stationary natural gas engines, a distributor system for use with high-powered lasers, and a method of determining a successful ignition event in a laser-based ignition system are provided. The laser based ignition (LBI) system for ... | 10/03/2006 |
| 7109503 | Systems for protecting internal components of an EUV light source from plasma-generated debris Systems and methods are disclosed for protecting an EUV light source plasma production chamber optical element surface from debris generated by plasma formation. In one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a shield is disclosed which comprises at least ... | 09/19/2006 |
