William F. Semple, a dentist, was awarded the first US Patent on chewing gum in 1869. His recipe contained powdered chalk.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 7920975 | Methods of detecting anomalies in ambient alternating current fields Methods of detecting anomalies in ambient alternating current (AC) fields are provided. An exemplary embodiment of such a method includes the steps of placing an AC field sensor in an ambient AC field, generating a signal representative of the ambient AC field recei... | 04/05/2011 |
| 7920704 | Systems and methods for obtaining information on a key in BB84 protocol of quantum key distribution Systems and methods for obtaining information on a key in the BB84 (Bennett-Brassard 1984) protocol of quantum key distribution are provided. A representative system comprises a quantum cryptographic entangling probe, comprising a single-photon source configured to ... | 04/05/2011 |
| 7918781 | Systems and methods for suppressing motion sickness Systems for suppressing motion sickness are provided. In this regard, an exemplary system comprises a display device and a display controller. The display device is operative to display a first image and a second image. The display controller communicates with the d... | 04/05/2011 |
| 7805079 | Free-space quantum communications process operative absent line-of-sight Photonic signals are tagged with a pre-selected modification, such as a polarization signature to carry data across an obstructed path between sender and receiver. Communication authentication through polarization variation allows for Yuen-Kumar or entangled photon ... | 09/28/2010 |
| 7751109 | Electro-optic shutter Various embodiments of an improved electro-optic shutter are disclosed. One embodiment comprises an electro-optic element, first and second polarizers, and a pair of electrodes. The electro-optic element has opposing transverse surfaces and operates as a half wave p... | 07/06/2010 |
| 7740960 | Multifunctionally graded environmental barrier coatings for silicon-base ceramic components A multilayered coating system consisting of a multicomponent zirconia-base or hafnia-base oxide top layer, an interlayer comprised of a plurality of sublayers and a bond coat layer is provided. The multilayered coating system of the present invention, with an interl... | 06/22/2010 |
| 7733484 | Hyperspectral scene projection/generation systems and methods Embodiments of hyperspectral scene projection/generation systems and methods are disclosed. One method embodiment, among others, comprises dispersing a beam of light at one of a plurality of selectable wavelengths, the beam of light corresponding to a scene, and dis... | 06/08/2010 |
| 7730839 | Interfacial stress reduction and load capacity enhancement system An article and a process are provided for reducing the shear stress on an interface of a structural member in intimate contact with a compressive load. The article is in the form of a wedge that is forcibly placed against the sidewall of one end or both ends of the ... | 06/08/2010 |
| 7701196 | Methods for detecting and classifying loads on AC lines Methods for detecting and classifying loads on alternating current (AC) lines are provided. One such method includes the steps of placing an AC field sensor in AC electric and magnetic fields generated by an AC line, generating an electric field signal representativ... | 04/20/2010 |
| 7700508 | Low conductivity and high toughness tetragonal phase structured ceramic thermal barrier coatings A composition for thermal barrier coatings exhibiting improved thermal conductivity and toughness is provided. The composition is comprised of a base majority oxide, a first dopant oxide, at least one small rare earth oxide, at least one large rare earth oxide and a... | 04/20/2010 |
| 7675610 | Photon counting, chirped AM LADAR system and related methods Ladar systems and methods are provided. One embodiment is a ladar system comprising: a chirp generator for generating a chirped waveform; a laser for transmitting a light signal toward a target, the light signal being modulated by the chirped waveform; and a photon-... | 03/09/2010 |
| 7660533 | Quantum Fourier transform based information transmission system and method A method of data compression and transmission include splitting a wave function representative of an input data set into an arbitrarily oriented elliptical polarization state and a comparator wave function state, the comparator wave function state being transmitted ... | 02/09/2010 |
| 7655996 | MEMS structure support and release mechanism A MEMS device and method comprising a MEMS structure adjacent to a SOI base; a sacrificial support operatively connecting the base to the MEMS structure; a suspension member operatively connecting the base to the MEMS structure, wherein the suspension member is long... | 02/02/2010 |
| 7655944 | Systems and methods for estimating thermal resistance of field effect transistor structures Embodiments of systems and methods for estimating channel temperatures of a field effect transistor structure are disclosed. One method embodiment, among others, comprises receiving geometrical values corresponding to a field effect transistor (FET) structure, and a... | 02/02/2010 |
| 7645350 | High-density metallic glass alloys A class of high-density bulk metallic glass hafnium alloys, having copper, nickel, aluminum and titanium or niobium as alloying elements is disclosed. This class includes alloys having higher densities and a higher reduced glass-transition temperature than other kno... | 01/12/2010 |
| 7642692 | PZT MEMS resonant Lorentz force magnetometer A MEMS magnetometer comprises a deflectable resonator comprising a base layer; a Lorentz force (LF) drive conductor attached to the base layer; and a piezoelectric sensor attached to the base layer and electrically isolated from the LF drive conductor. The LF drive ... | 01/05/2010 |
| 7634393 | Technique for coupling meteorology to acoustics in forests A system and method of predicting multi-dimensional meteorological and acoustic effects within and above a forest environment comprises collecting input data comprising meteorological and forest canopy characterization data for a specified forest environment; inputt... | 12/15/2009 |
| 7631567 | Systems and methods for collecting particles from a large volume of gas into a small volume of liquid Systems and methods for collecting particles are provided. A representative system includes an aerosol-into-liquid collector that stores a collection liquid. The aerosol-into-liquid collector also includes a container, a gas inlet, a gas outlet and a source of vacuu... | 12/15/2009 |
| 7589663 | System and method for the measurement of the unambiguous roll angle of a projectile A system for the measurement of an angle of roll of a projectile is disclosed. The projectile has a casing with a rear end, a front end, and a side wall extending therebetween. The system includes a radar configured to transmit a polarized electromagnetic signal tow... | 09/15/2009 |
| 7532093 | RF MEMS series switch using piezoelectric actuation and method of fabrication A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) switch comprising a radio frequency (RF) transmission line; a structurally discontinuous RF conductor adjacent to the RF transmission line; a pair of cantilevered piezoelectric actuators flanking the RF conductor; a contact pad... | 05/12/2009 |
| 7529154 | Hybrid thin film heterostructure modular vibration control apparatus and methods for fabrication thereof Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) include critical devices for various highly sensitive applications. However, MEMS operation may be impaired by vibration. A modular vibration control pedestal for integration with a MEMS is provided according to embodiments of t... | 05/05/2009 |
| 7529075 | Systems and methods involving electric-field cages A representative system for providing an electric field comprises an electrically insulated frame, guard members and endplates. The frame incorporates a top, a bottom, opposing sides and opposing ends, with the sides extending between the top and the bottom. Each of... | 05/05/2009 |
| 7518474 | Piezoelectric in-line RF MEMS switch and method of fabrication A MEMS switch and method of fabrication comprises a RF transmission line; a RF beam structure comprising a RF conductor; a cantilevered piezoelectric actuator coupled to the RF beam structure; a plurality of air bridges connected to the cantilevered piezoelectric ac... | 04/14/2009 |
| 7518207 | Molecular beam epitaxy growth of ternary and quaternary metal chalcogenide films The ternary alloy CdSexTe1-x(2 1 1) and the quaternary alloy Cd1-zZnzSexTe1-x have been grown on Si(2 1 1) substrates using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The growth of CdSeTe is facilitated using a co... | 04/14/2009 |
| 7483501 | System and method for radio receiver RF background noise estimation A system and method of estimating radio frequency (RF) background noise in a radio receiver system comprises determining a total receiver front-end noise based on a noise equivalent receiver bandwidth; estimating external noise associated with the radio receiver sys... | 01/27/2009 |
| 7460689 | System and method of detecting, recognizing, and tracking moving targets A system and method of tracking moving targets in video images comprises retrieving a reference video frames each comprising arrays of digital pixels; computing a first averaged image for each of the reference video frames, wherein each pixel value of the first aver... | 12/02/2008 |
| 7426156 | Method and apparatus for clock synchronization that accounts for curvature in the space-time continuum Methods and apparatuses for applying a correction that accounts for curvature in the space-time continuum in the context of clock synchronization are disclosed. A representative apparatus, among others, includes a memory having a curved space-time correction module ... | 09/16/2008 |
| 7411401 | Systems and methods for reducing common-mode platform noise in electric-field sensors Systems and methods for reducing electrostatic platform noise in electric-field sensors due to various self-charging and discharging processes are provided. A representative method includes: identifying avoidance regions of an electrostatically-floating sensor platf... | 08/12/2008 |
| 7412020 | Training for time-selective wireless fading channels using cutoff rate The optimal allocation of resources—power and bandwidth—between training and data transmissions is considered for time-selective Rayleigh flat-fading channels under the cutoff rate criterion. The transmitter, assumed to have statistical channel state information... | 08/12/2008 |
| 7409116 | RF to optical converter for RF imaging with optical sensors A radio frequency (RF) to optical converter for RF imaging, wherein the converter comprises an array of RF antenna pixels adapted to receive RF signals, wherein the RF antenna pixels are adapted to facilitate RF resonance of the received RF signals; a photonic band ... | 08/05/2008 |
| 7388538 | System and method for obtaining attitude from known sources of energy and angle measurements A system and method of determining an orientation of a spinning object at a known GPS location comprises radially deploying antennae around a plurality of axes of measurement of the spinning object; determining a spin axis of a first end of the spinning object; meas... | 06/17/2008 |
| 7359064 | Quantum positioning systems and methods Included in this disclosure is a quantum positioning system (QPS) that includes a corner cube reflector and a plurality of baselines. Each baseline may include an interferometer, which may include a photon source, a beam splitter, and a photon detector. The interfer... | 04/15/2008 |
| 7353148 | Generation of displays of solutions to physics problems represented by complex mathematical equations using quantum computations or simulation of quantum computations on classic computers Graphic displays or audio sound representations of numerical solutions of physics problems modeled by complicated, computationally complex mathematics are generated by Type I and Type II quantum computers, which employs a plurality of classically interconnected node... | 04/01/2008 |
| 7341221 | Attitude determination with magnetometers for gun-launched munitions A system and method for performing attitude determination for projectiles comprises a projectile; a plurality of magnetometers arranged orthogonally to one another in the projectile, wherein the plurality of magnetometers are adapted to take first flight vector meas... | 03/11/2008 |
| 7330565 | Scale insensitive vehicle detection algorithm for flir imagery An algorithm for the detection of military vehicles in FLIR imagery is used as a prescreener to eliminate large areas of the image from further analysis. The output is a list of likely target locations with confidence numbers, which may be sent to a more complex clu... | 02/12/2008 |
| 7310361 | Intersubband semiconductor lasers with enhanced subband depopulation rate Intersubband semiconductor lasers (ISLs) are of great interest for mid-infrared (2-20 μm) device applications. These semiconductor devices have a wide range of applications from pollution detection and industrial monitoring to military functions. ISLs have g... | 12/18/2007 |
| 7307127 | Highly sulfonated block copolymer hydrogels and uses thereof A block copolymer composition AB is provided that has pendent groups —RZ extending from the A copolymer on at least 70 mol % of the A monomers, where R and Z are each an ionic species. The composition is included in a semipermeable membrane for use in a direct met... | 12/11/2007 |
| 7304732 | Microelectromechanical resonant photoacoustic cell An integrated photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) cell is fabricated using microelectromechanical (MEMS) techniques. The multi-layer structure includes an inner layer with a patterned resonant cavity disposed between top and bottom outer layers and a microphone acousti... | 12/04/2007 |
| 7304363 | Interacting current spreader and junction extender to increase the voltage blocked in the off state of a high power semiconductor device A technique of spreading current flowing in a semiconductor device comprising an electrode, a drift region adjacent to the electrode, a junction termination extension implant region in the drift region, and a current spreader adjacent to the junction termination ext... | 12/04/2007 |
| 7286444 | Method and system for synchronizing separated clocks Methods and systems for synchronizing a first clock with a second clock, wherein the clocks are separated, are disclosed. A representative system, among others, includes a correlated particle emitter that emits a first particle stream and a second particle stream. P... | 10/23/2007 |