Did You Know...
...that two musicians were responsible for the invention of color print film? Fascinated by photography, Leopold Godowsky and Leopold Mannes worked together to produce an easy-to-use, practical color film. They worked full time as music teachers and gave concerts while experimenting during their off hours in Mannes' kitchen. Their success earned them full-time, well-paying jobs at Kodak and their efforts resulted in Kodachrome film, which was introduced in 1935.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 6386002 | Process entailing sol-gel production of silica glass A silica-water dispersion suitable for use as a sol for sol-gel fabrication is produced from a silica-water mixture with addition of alkaline agent. The agent functions to increase viscosity so as to improve dispersing efficiency during shear mixing.... | 05/14/2002 |
| 6191877 | WDM optical fiber system using Raman amplification Pump depletion modulation crosstalk between WDM channels in Raman amplified systems is virtually eliminated by exclusive use of backward pumping.... | 02/20/2001 |
| 6165648 | Holographic recording A thick holographic recording medium suitable for use in multiplex holography is prepared from a solution of a bi-functional oligomer and a mono-functional monomer. Precuring, possibly at the same radiation wavelength used for recording, cross-links the o... | 12/26/2000 |
| 6011892 | Optical fiber for wavelength division multiplexing A fiber suitable for use in high capacity optical fiber network operative with wavelength division multiplexing. Contemplated systems can utilize span distances in excess of 100 km, signal amplification within spans, and provide plural multiplexed channel... | 01/04/2000 |
| 5966491 | Cladding-pumped fiber structure A cladding-pumped fiber structure, suitable for use as a laser, provides for efficient clad-to-core energy transfer. The outside interface of the pump-clad is constructed from a rod-shaped preform by local melt-displacement using an open flame.... | 10/12/1999 |
| 5943145 | Phase distance multiplex holography Selection of individual holograms during read-out of a multiplexed array depends upon varying relative position of the recording medium in the direction orthogonal to the medium surface.... | 08/24/1999 |
| 5914437 | Fabrication including sol-gel float processing Cracking in thin sheets of sol-gel-produced material is avoided by use of a support liquid during gelation and drying. Silica glass, as well as other glass and ceramic bodies, is contemplated.... | 06/22/1999 |
| 5905838 | Dual window WDM optical fiber communication Simultaneous dense WDM operation in both the 1310 nm and 1550 nm transparency windows of silica-based optical fiber, is enabled by a fiber design providing for nulled dispersion within a critically positioned wavelength range. Design provides for values o... | 05/18/1999 |
| 5892601 | Multiplex holography Use of an aperture in the reconstructed beam in reconstruction of multiple holograms increases selectivity beyond that realizable by spatial multiplexing so as to permit differentiation of overlapping images. "Aperturization" is suitably used for differen... | 04/06/1999 |
| 5887093 | Optical fiber dispersion compensation A module, for upgrading optical fiber systems, includes an appropriate length of Dispersion Compensating Fiber (DCF) for nulling chromatic dispersion, together with a pump, which uses Stimulated Raman Scattering for amplifying signal in the DCF, thereby c... | 03/23/1999 |
| 5874187 | Photo recording medium A thick holographic recording medium suitable for use in multiplex holography is prepared from a solution of a bi-functional oligomer and a mono-functional monomer. Precuring, possibly at the same radiation wavelength used for recording, cross-links the o... | 02/23/1999 |
| 5873923 | Method of making a cladding pumped fiber structure A cladding-pumped fiber structure, suitable for use as a laser, provides for efficient clad-to-core energy transfer. The outside interface of the pump-clad is constructed from a rod-shaped preform by local melt-displacement using an open flame.... | 02/23/1999 |
| 5847862 | Multi-channel optical fiber communication system A significant part of signal-to-noise degradation in WDM optical fiber communications, due to Raman crosstalk, is found to be deterministic in nature. Shaping of amplifier output to offset depletion of high frequency channels improves signal capacity by a... | 12/08/1998 |
| 5831761 | High capacity optical fiber network A high capacity optical fiber network operative with wavelength division multiplexing. Contemplated systems can utilize span distances in excess of 100 km, signal amplification within spans, and provide plural multiplexed channels operative at multiple gi... | 11/03/1998 |
| 5812288 | Holographic storage of digital data Bit error rate in holographic storage/reconstruction is reduced by 2-dimensionally dispersing symbols constituting codewords so that no two codeword-common symbols occupy a single row or column on the SLM display.... | 09/22/1998 |
| 5808998 | Bit error rate reduction by reducing the run length of same-state pixels in a halographic process Bit error rate of an output data stream, reconstructed from a holographic recording, is reduced by reducing the length of same-state pixels on the spatial light modulator.... | 09/15/1998 |
| 5703705 | Tilt multiplex holography A system for high density holographic storage announced by Cal Tech is improved. The basic Cal Tech system records successive holograms by physically shifting the recording medium relative to the paired reference and signal beams. By depending on Bragg se... | 12/30/1997 |
| 5633741 | Multichannel optical fiber communications WDM optical fiber communications entails bidirectional transmission with at least two WDM channels in opposite transmission directions in a single fiber. As compared with unidirectional transmission, a number of capacity-limiting considerations are relaxe... | 05/27/1997 |
| 5596413 | Sub-micron through-the-lens positioning utilizing out of phase segmented gratings Through-the-lens alignment during deep UV lithographic processing in the manufacture of VLSI is accomplished without shifting the mask or wafer from the exposure position. Introduction and extraction of alignment light of actinic wavelength depends on bea... | 01/21/1997 |
| 5565014 | Process of manufacturing a vitreous silica product including hydrothermally drying a collordal sol-gel Sol-gel processing of a silica glass body is facilitated by rapid drying. The body, having been heated to a temperature of about 200° C. in a hermetically sealed vessel, is vented while reducing temperature. Termination of drying coincides with reduction... | 10/15/1996 |
| 5563732 | Laser pumping of erbium amplifier Stability of a pump laser for activating an erbium amplifier is enhanced by a grating which results in laser operation in the coherence collapse regime.... | 10/08/1996 |
| 5562752 | Process of manufacturing vitreous silica product including hydrothermally treating a colloidal sol-gel Heating a wet colloidal gel body in an autoclave above its 1-atmosphere boiling point, under rigorously defined conditions, avoids shrinkage during subsequent drying. As a consequence, drying rates may be increased, and handling care becomes less critical... | 10/08/1996 |
| 5559920 | Dispersion compensation in optical fiber communications Critical placement and lengths of dispersion-compensating fiber maximize capacity in upgraded in-ground optical fiber communication systems. Higher per-channel bit rates in single-channel systems and in WDM systems are permitted.... | 09/24/1996 |
| 5546210 | Multi-channel optical fiber communication system Wavelength Division Multiplexed channels in optical fiber communications systems have channel-to-channel frequency spacings which prevent substantial coincidence of 4-wave mixing products with channel carriers. As a consequence, system capacity is increas... | 08/13/1996 |
| 5535051 | WDM optical fiber system using crystal optical amplifier Rare-earth doped single-crystal amplifiers serve to simultaneously amplify member channels of an optical fiber WDM system. A tailored amplification bandwidth sufficient for this purpose is the result of a variety of "defects" which after the local crystal... | 07/09/1996 |
| 5521031 | Pattern delineating apparatus for use in the EUV spectrum The operating principle of the attenuated phase mask is incorporated in a reflecting structure for use with extreme ultraviolet radiation. A working projection-reduction system for use with 0.18 μm and smaller features combines the mask with all-reflecti... | 05/28/1996 |
| 5510230 | Device fabrication using DUV/EUV pattern delineation The fabrication of integrated circuit devices built to design rules of 0.18 μm and below uses patterning radiation in the EUV spectrum. Optimized processing conditions take advantage of independently developed EUV characteristics such as short resist abs... | 04/23/1996 |
| 5498923 | Fluoresence imaging A single crystal fluorescent material is used in the conversion of a short wavelength image. Conversion to a long wavelength image in the visible spectrum permits use of conventional glass optics for visual observation of UV and x-ray images. An illustrat... | 03/12/1996 |
| 5457568 | 980 NM pumped erbium fiber amplifier A 980 nm pump, for use with an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, provides redundancy together with simultaneous pumping, both co-propagating and counter-propagating, relative to 1550 nm signal, without need for an isolator.... | 10/10/1995 |
| 5439781 | Device fabrication entailing synchrotron radiation Devices built to design rules ࣘ0.25 μm are pattern delineated by use of synchrotron-emitted x-ray radiation using a condenser which collects over a collection arc of at least 100 mrad. Condenser designs provide for processing of collected radiation to ... | 08/08/1995 |
| 5402516 | Optical fiber apparatus Optical fiber and cable performance are assured by a category of UV-cured polyurethane acrylates. Low cost is the consequence of use of the polycarbonate oligomer. Good performance and long life are ascribed to other ingredients of the coatings. Dependenc... | 03/28/1995 |
| 5379364 | Vitreous silica product manufactured via a sol-gel process using a polymer additive Lowered cost fabrication including preparation of large bodies of void-free, high-silica glass, depends upon gellation of an aqueous sol of colloidal silica particles, followed by drying and firing of such gel. Freedom from cracks in the dried gel is the ... | 01/03/1995 |
| 5376505 | Device fabrication entailing submicron imaging Fabrication of 0.25 gm design rule or smaller devices on chips, that may attain levels of 256 megabit or higher depends upon lithographic patterning by use of accelerated charged particle beams. Fabrication is expedited by acceleration values resulting in... | 12/27/1994 |
| 5364427 | Manufacture of optical fiber using sol-gel Bent sol-gel produced tubing is straightened by drawing, with tensile force and operating temperature to result in minimal plastic flow, so that size reduction is small. The method is usefully applied to reject recovery in the preparation of overclad tube... | 11/15/1994 |
| 5356447 | Manufacture of high proof-test optical fiber using sol-gel Incidence of breakage in optical fiber drawn from sol-gel produced preforms is reduced by treatment of the still-porous glass by use of a chlorine-containing, oxygen-free gas mixture. Improved satisfaction of proof-rest requirements to at least 100 kpsi i... | 10/18/1994 |
| 5351261 | Integrated optics Lasing threshold for a whispering mode laser is reduced by appropriate placement of a reflector. A reflector parallel to, and within a wavelength distance of, the disk decreases radiation loss due to imperfect internal reflection. Enhancement is calculabl... | 09/27/1994 |
| 5344475 | Manufacture of high proof-test optical fiber using sol-gel Optical fiber drawn from preforms including sol-gel-derived glass is found to contain small refractory particles of the order of a micron in size. These particles initiate fiber breaks with the result that fiber may not meet proof-test tensile strength re... | 09/06/1994 |
| 5343490 | Whispering mode micro-resonator Device for electromagnetic emission depends on total internal reflection-on whispering gallery mode cavitation about the periphery of a disk-shaped element of sub-wavelength thickness. As a laser, operating above threshold, the design is alternative to th... | 08/30/1994 |
| 5339346 | Device fabrication entailing plasma-derived x-ray delineation Submicron device fabrication entailing ringfield x-ray pattern delineation is facilitated by use of a condenser including a faceted collector lens. The collector lens is constituted of paired facets, symmetrically placed about an axis of a laser-pumped pl... | 08/16/1994 |
| 5327516 | Optical fiber for wavelength division multiplexing Optical fiber including a core and a clad suitable for use in wavelength division multiplex systems. The fiber can have an attenuation at 1550 nm less than 0.25 dB/km, a cut off wavelength of less than 1.40 μm, and a dispersion slope less than 0.15 ps/(n... | 07/05/1994 |
