William F. Semple, a dentist, was awarded the first US Patent on chewing gum in 1869. His recipe contained powdered chalk.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 6056479 | Bonded composite open mesh structural textiles Bonded composite open mesh structural textiles are formed of woven textile. The textile is formed from at least two, and preferably three, components. The first component, or load bearing member, is a high tenacity, high modulus, low elongation mono- or m... | 05/02/2000 |
| 6020275 | Bonded composite open mesh structural textiles Bonded composite open mesh structural textiles are formed of woven textile. The textile is formed from at least two, and preferably three, components. The first component, or load bearing member, is a high tenacity, high modulus, low elongation mono- or m... | 02/01/2000 |
| 5965467 | Bonded composite open mesh structural textiles Bonded composite open mesh structural textiles are formed of woven textile. The textile is formed from at least two, and preferably three, components. The first component, or load bearing member, is a high tenacity, high modulus, low elongation mono- or m... | 10/12/1999 |
| 5934838 | Modular wall block retaining wall reinforced by confinement cells for cut wall applications Precast modular concrete wall blocks are assembled to form a retaining wall in front of a limited depth cut wall face. Arched confinement cells are formed behind the courses of blocks by sections of vertically oriented sheet material for reception and ret... | 08/10/1999 |
| 5934990 | Mine stopping A mine tunnel ventilation control device and method for constructing same quickly with an easily transportable matrix material to provide a rigid flame retardant barrier wall. The air flow stopping includes a peripheral frame extending about and across a ... | 08/10/1999 |
| 5911539 | Interconnected block system An interconnected block system including a plurality of staggered rows of block members formed of concrete or the like secured to the upper surface only of an underlying, interconnecting, grid-like, matrix sheet. In one embodiment, a plurality of connecto... | 06/15/1999 |
| 5877096 | Non-woven needle-punched filter fabric A non-woven needle-punched filter fabric for use in a geocomposite having a filter face and a laminating face, the fabric having a first filter and cushion zone adjacent the filter face produced from spun bond, continuous filament, a second stiff and bend... | 03/02/1999 |
| 5851088 | Modular retaining wall block system including wall blocks having replaceable dual purpose facing panels and removable spacing tabs A modular plastic wall block to be used for forming a retaining wall including a plurality of vertically superimposed courses, each course including a plurality of laterally juxtaposed wall blocks. Each wall block is formed of a wall block frame and an ea... | 12/22/1998 |
| 5823709 | Interconnected block system An interconnected block system including a plurality of staggered rows of block members formed of concrete or the like secured to the upper surface only of an underlying, interconnecting, grid-like, matrix sheet. In one embodiment, a plurality of connecto... | 10/20/1998 |
| 5816749 | Modular block retaining wall system A modular wall block is formed with two integral, transverse projections extending upwardly from its top surface, spaced from the front face of the block and spaced from each other by an upwardly opening groove. Each block also includes two downwardly ope... | 10/06/1998 |
| 5816750 | Automatic grid layout system A grid layout system including a grid dispenser mounted on a boom of a continuous miner for movement with a cutting drum to cut a passageway in a rock face. A roll of grid material, such as integral biaxially oriented geogrid, is fed from the dispenser an... | 10/06/1998 |
| 5800095 | Composite retaining wall A retaining wall having a height of greater than ten feet which includes a lower section of inextensible reinforcements and an upper section of extensible reinforcements. By the use of inextensible reinforcements in place of extensible reinforcements in a... | 09/01/1998 |
| 5795835 | Bonded composite knitted structural textiles Bonded composite knitted structural textiles are formed of knitted polymeric fibers. The textile is formed from at least two, and preferably three or four, polymeric components. The first component, or load bearing member, is a high tenacity, high modulus... | 08/18/1998 |
| 5697735 | Cut wall confinement cell Precast concrete wall panels are assembled to form a retaining wall in front of a cut wall face. Arched confinement cells are formed behind the wall panels by sections of vertically oriented sheet material for reception and retention of a particulate fill... | 12/16/1997 |
| 5676894 | Panel framing system with panel tensioning by heat shrinking A simple and inexpensive method and apparatus for molding a peripheral frame around a sheet or grid of thermoplastic material to produce a framed panel. A peripheral frame, preferably of structural foam or the like, is injection molded about a thermoplast... | 10/14/1997 |
| 5673530 | Modular block retaining wall system A modular wall block is formed with a T-shaped through-opening defining arm sections projecting from a stem portion in each surface of the block. One arm section in the upper surface of each block is dimensioned to frictionally receive fingers of a rake-l... | 10/07/1997 |
| 5661944 | Panel framing system and products produced thereby A simple and inexpensive method and apparatus for molding a peripheral frame around a sheet or grid of thermoplastic material to produce a framed panel. A peripheral frame, preferably of structural foam or the like, is injection molded about a thermoplast... | 09/02/1997 |
| 5660377 | Self-tensioning permanent fence system A self-tensioning fencing system includes a tensioner bar which is mounted directly to a structural support such as a fence post using standard nails, screws or bolts as required according to the type of a particular fence post. The tensioner bar includes... | 08/26/1997 |
| 5632571 | Concrete geomattress Multiple sections of grid-like sheet material extend centrally through a thickness of a plurality of staggered rows of concrete panels to form a geomattress of unlimited dimensions. The sheet material preferably includes a plurality of parallel strands an... | 05/27/1997 |
| 5628149 | Gate tensioning system A gate for a fence or the like preferably formed of hollow plastic elements interconnected by bolts or other fastener devices at or adjacent their ends. A tensioning device is located inside a hollow diagonal cross-brace to correct misalignment between th... | 05/13/1997 |
| 5619835 | Modular block retaining wall system A modular wall block is formed with a groove in a top surface configured to frictionally receive fingers of a rake-like connection device which may extend through apertures in an end portion of a grid-like sheet of reinforcing material. The connection dev... | 04/15/1997 |
| 5599139 | Method of constructing a liner system and waste containment facility incorporating same A method of constructing a liner system for a waste containment facility having substantially vertical sidewalls utilizing a plurality of vertical expansion boxes for holding a flexible membrane liner against a rock face or any other approximately vertica... | 02/04/1997 |
| 5597194 | High friction, non-slip, flexible and heat resistant plastic net A high friction, non-slip, flexible and heat resistant plastic net which can be used in various applications, for example, as a truck bed liner. The net is a blend of plastics having different densities and peak melting points. The first component of the ... | 01/28/1997 |
| 5595460 | Modular block retaining wall system and method of constructing same A modular wall block is formed with a trough or recess in a top surface configured to frictionally receive fingers of a rake-like grid connection device. The fingers are engaged through apertures in an end portion of a grid-like sheet of material with the... | 01/21/1997 |
| 5593706 | Panel framing system A simple and inexpensive method and apparatus for molding a peripheral frame around a sheet or grid of thermoplastic material to produce a framed panel. A peripheral frame, preferably of structural foam or the like, is injection molded about a thermoplast... | 01/14/1997 |
| 5580191 | Marine wall A retaining wall, preferably for marine use, constructed of a plurality of corrugated panels. The corrugated panels of the wall are anchored in the earth behind the wall by a plurality of vertically spaced, horizontally extending lengths of sections of ge... | 12/03/1996 |
| 5568999 | Retaining wall block system A retaining wall is formed by plastic wall blocks having fingers for extending through apertures in an end portion of a grid-like sheet of material. The remainder of the grid-like sheet of material extends rearwardly to reinforce the fill behind the retai... | 10/29/1996 |
| 5568998 | Precast wall panel and grid connection device Extended lengths of grid-like reinforcing sheet material are attached to precast wall panels of a reinforcing wall by a connector comb and locking clip securing end portions of the reinforcing sheet material between a pair of attachment strips partially e... | 10/29/1996 |
| 5540525 | Modular block retaining wall system and method of constructing same A modular wall block is formed with a trough or recess in a top surface configured to frictionally receive fingers of a rake-like grid connection device. The fingers are engaged through apertures in an end portion of a grid-like sheet of material with the... | 07/30/1996 |
| 5527500 | Method of forming a framed panel utilizing tensioning by heat shrinking A simple and inexpensive method and apparatus for molding a peripheral frame around a sheet or grid of thermoplastic material to produce a framed panel. A peripheral frame, preferably of structural foam or the like, is injection molded about a thermoplast... | 06/18/1996 |
| 5409196 | Self-tensioning fencing system A self-tensioning fencing system includes a mounting batten, made of plastic or metal, which is mounted directly to a structural support such as a fence post using standard nails, screws or bolts as required according to the type of a particular fence pos... | 04/25/1995 |