...During the Civil War, the Confederacy established its own Patent Office which issued 266 patents, a third of which concerned implements of war.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 5114674 | Added array of molecular chains for interfering with electrical fields An array of molecular chains is added to a dielectric material between two electrodes of a capacitive affinity sensor. Such an array of molecular chains greatly changes dielectric properties between the two electrodes to greatly enhance sensitivity of the... | 05/19/1992 |
| 5106751 | Apparatus for supporting a biochemical sensor responsive to bubbles A biochemical sensor includes a material that nucleates as bubbles on the surface of an electrical conductor, optical fiber, or acoustic medium. The nucleating bubbles respectively change the conductivity, refraction, or propagation of such surfaces accor... | 04/21/1992 |
| 5082627 | Three dimensional binding site array for interfering with an electrical field A dielectric material of a capacitive affinity sensor has a three-dimensional molecular binding site array. A glass base is layered with a binding agent like silane from which a polymeric backbone like polylysine extends. The polymeric backbone is prepare... | 01/21/1992 |
| 5057430 | Biochemical sensor responsive to bubbles A biochemical analyte sensor comprises a pair of electrical conductors in a fluid environment. Between the conductors is a surface of silicone rubber, for instance. An enzyme/substrate combination causes molecules of a volatile material to be produced in ... | 10/15/1991 |
| 4769121 | Sintered pellet with biochemically active layer A sintered powder electrode has a biochemically active layer embedded in pores of the electrode. Molecules bind to or are displaced from the biochemically active layer, which drastically changes electrical properties of the electrode. The electrode can be... | 09/06/1988 |