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...During the Civil War, the Confederacy established its own Patent Office which issued 266 patents, a third of which concerned implements of war.
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| Number | Title | Issue Date |
| 5303901 | Blowing lance with cyclic modulator means for varying flow rate A blowing lance for refining metals by blowing a gas onto a surface of a metal bath is presented. This lance has an adjustable tuyere for generating a supersonic refining gas flow and a blowing head with a set of fixed tuyeres opening into a front dome of... | 04/19/1994 |
| 4993691 | Oxygen injection lance A gas injection lance for use in metal refining is disclosed. The lance includes a tube having an inner diameter profile and a throttle member slidably received with the tube. The tube and throttle member define an annular gas flowpath. The throttle body ... | 02/19/1991 |
| 4779395 | Composite concrete/steel fireproof column A fireproof construction element has a plurality of integrally interconnected and parallel profile beams each having a longitudinally extending outer flange defining an outer surface and a longitudinally extending web extending inwardly from the flange. T... | 10/25/1988 |
| 4774999 | Process for automatic control of the startup of a continuous casting apparatus At the latest before response of the measuring mechanism which senses the filling state of the melt tundish the opening rate of the outlet of the tundish is brought to near its standard opening rate and, after obtaining a clear signal from the filling sta... | 10/04/1988 |
| 4773929 | Method of and device for the simultaneous heating and refining of a metal bath Heat and melt-refining reactants are simultaneously delivered to a metal melt by introducing into the melt a filled wire comprising a metal sheath and a mixture of an oxygen supplier and a metal oxygen acceptor capable of undergoing exothermic reaction to... | 09/27/1988 |
| 4767036 | Apparatus and method for emptying metallurgical vessels containing metal and slag An apparatus and method is presented for emptying metallurgical vessels, and in particular steelmaking converters containing metal and slag, whereby the slag is effectively separated from the metal during pouring. The apparatus includes at least on permea... | 08/30/1988 |
| 4740300 | Filter bed A filter bed for separating large quantities of water from granulated blast furnace slag consisting of layers of solid matter, preferably gravel, of various grain sizes is presented. The filter mass (solid matter) is in individual adjacent containers or h... | 04/26/1988 |
| 4730813 | Oxygen nozzle for metal refining A nozzle for refining metals or ferroalloys by oxygen blasting from above the melt is presented. The nozzle terminates at a nozzle head and includes at least one central blast pipe for directing a jet of oxygen having supersonic speed. A chamber is interp... | 03/15/1988 |
| 4730814 | Blast pipe for refining nozzle A blast pipe for delivering refining oxygen to the space above a metal bath in a refining operation is presented. The blast pipe is positioned in a gas supply duct and is provided with a pressure regulating valve. The blast pipe comprises a fixed straight... | 03/15/1988 |
| 4730784 | Oxygen blast nozzle A nozzle for the refining of metals by oxygen blasting from above the melt is presented. The nozzle includes a nozzle head having a blast pipe therethrough upstream of the mouth of the nozzle. The blast pipe directs a jet of gas comprised, at least in par... | 03/15/1988 |
| 4720989 | Method of and apparatus for rolling an I-beam blank An I-beam blank is rolled from a bloom by rolling into opposite edges of the bloom respective central triangular section notches of predetermined apex angle, apex radius of curvature, width, and height in a succession of roll passes. According to this inv... | 01/26/1988 |
| 4696137 | Beam-column junction A beam support joint for a column and a beam, which are each constructed from concrete and at least one metal section having a pair of flanges joined by a web and forming at least one recess of the metal section which is filled with concrete and the outer... | 09/29/1987 |
| 4655647 | Method and apparatus for the acceleration of solid particles entrained in a carrier gas An acceleration nozzle for particles entrained in a carrier gas comprises a first central nozzle having a first diverging cross-section, and an extension nozzle section extending from the first nozzle. The extension nozzle section has a flare or diverging... | 04/07/1987 |
| 4647020 | Gas-permeable element of a refractory material A gas-permeable element of a refractory material for blowing gases into a metal treatment vessel through its lining has a body of a refractory material, a metal housing on the longitudinal sides of the refractory body, a free inner end surface at which th... | 03/03/1987 |
| 4616464 | Composite fire-resistant concrete/steel column or post A composite structural element comprises a steel structural shape whose web is provided with one or more steel plates secured thereto by welding or bolting and embedded in the concrete filling the channels between its flanges. The concrete may also includ... | 10/14/1986 |
| 4605449 | Process for producing a rolled steel product having high weldability, a high yield strength and a good notch impact toughness at very low temperatures A process for producing rolled steel products, especially reinforcing rod for concrete or other elements to be encased in concrete and having good weldability, a high yield strength and high energy absorption for the Charpy V impact test at very low tempe... | 08/12/1986 |
| 4603810 | Method and apparatus for the acceleration of solid particles entrained in a carrier gas A method and apparatus for accelerating solid particles entrained in a carrier gas so as to maximize the velocity of the particles at the output end of a duct is presented. This maximized or optimal acceleration is achieved by varying the cross section of... | 08/05/1986 |
| 4571913 | Prefabricated fireproof steel and concrete beam A composite structural element has a main steel beam having a web and at least two flanges extending therefrom, having oppositely directed outer faces, having outer edges generally defining a plane and defining with the web a recess open away from the web... | 02/25/1986 |
| 4561637 | Process and apparatus for heating a steel bath charged with scrap A process and apparatus for heating a steel bath charged with scrap which efficiently utilizes converter waste gas to supplement external energy sources is presented.... | 12/31/1985 |
| 4548503 | Method of and apparatus for monitoring a dynamic condition of rolling-mill rolls The geometry of rolling-mill rolls is monitored dynamically by projecting light between portions of the two rolls which are formed with circumferential grooves and the resulting light pattern is detected and compared with a pattern prior to start of the r... | 10/22/1985 |
| 4524958 | Apparatus for closing the discharge aperture of a metallurgical vessel Apparatus for closing the discharge aperture of a metallurgical vessel is presented. This apparatus includes a closure element attached to a pivoted lever in order to prevent undesirable discharge of slag at the beginning and end of the casting process an... | 06/25/1985 |
| 4519587 | Apparatus for regulating the delivery of solid materials by a blowing lance An apparatus and process for rapidly injecting or blowing solid combustible material into a metal pool is presented. In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus essentially comprises at least one nonoxidizing compressed gas source, a circuit which supplies g... | 05/28/1985 |
| 4518422 | Process and apparatus for refining steel in a metallurgical vessel A process and apparatus for the desulphurization, deoxidation and purification of a metal melt is presented. The process is particularly well suited for use in a ladle during the refining of steel. The present invention comprises means for defining at the... | 05/21/1985 |
| 4511397 | Process for increasing the degree of afterburning of carbon monoxide in the refining of iron melts A process for increasing the extent of afterburning of carbon monoxide formed during the decarburization of iron melts by the action of oxygen is presented. This process is accomplished by delivering a finely divided catalyst to the space above the iron b... | 04/16/1985 |
| 4498323 | Method of rolling sheet piling In an eleven-step butterfly rolling process for producing inertial sheet piling, the upset grooving hitherto used in the fourth step is eliminated and replaced by one or more flat rolling steps intended to work the bulges at the edges of the flanges so as... | 02/12/1985 |
| 4469510 | Method of and apparatus for the direct production of molten iron A method of producing molten iron in which iron oxide is fed together with carbon to an oxygen-top-blown melt from below through blocks whose pores permit the particles to be entrained into the melt in a carrier gas, the pores preventing penetration of th... | 09/04/1984 |
| 4457002 | Electrode seal assembly for metallurgical furnace A seal for use around a rod electrode passing along an axis through a hole in the wall of a furnace into the interior of the furnace has an annular and at least limitedly flexible seal ring fitted snugly around the electrode in the hole and a holder carry... | 06/26/1984 |
| 4456478 | Method of and apparatus for metallurgically treating molten metals Molten steel, carried in a transport ladle from a converter to a casting stage, is treated in a heating chamber which has two tubes depending from its bottom into the ladle to a depth sufficient to penetrate a slag layer and an intermediate layer atop the... | 06/26/1984 |
| 4449700 | Method and apparatus for sampling or measuring a parameter of a metal melt The buoyancy change of a probe as it is lowered into a molten metal melt is detected and the lowering of the probe terminated a predetermined time after the detection of the buoyancy change to precisely position the probe at a predetermined level below th... | 05/22/1984 |
| 4441541 | Method of and apparatus for determining the melt level in a continuous-casting mold The level of a melt in a vertically reciprocating continuous-casting mold is detected by a method wherein a nonhomogeneous steady magnetic field is formed extending horizontally through the mold into the melt generally at the melt level. This field is ver... | 04/10/1984 |
| 4439234 | Method of increasing the cold material charging capacity in the top-blowing production of steel Pig iron is refined by top blowing with oxygen and injecting inert gas from the bottom. The slag formation is minimized by controlled addition of lime to match the formation of slag components as they are generated by the process. This increases the capac... | 03/27/1984 |
| 4435643 | Gammanetric thickness measuring apparatus An apparatus for the nondestructive determination of the thickness of an article, e.g. a rolled steel product such as a beam, comprises a plurality of radiation sources mounted in a sectoral body rotatable about an axis such that the center of gravity of ... | 03/06/1984 |
| 4434005 | Method of and apparatus for refining a melt containing solid cooling material A method of and an apparatus for the refining of a molten metal overlain by a slag and in which cold solids are introduced, e.g. in the form of metal scrap. According to the invention the heat necessary to melt the scrap and prevent undue cooling of the b... | 02/28/1984 |
| 4421555 | Method of and apparatus for metallurgical treatment of a melt A system for treating, normally refining, a metallurgical melt has a melt-containing vessel having below the level of the melt an at least gas-pervious wall portion. A finely divided treatment solids is suspended in a treatment gas and this suspension is ... | 12/20/1983 |
| 4415358 | Method of desulfurizing a ferrous melt A melt is contained in a vessel having below the level of the melt an at least gas-pervious wall portion. First the slag is removed, normally by pouring it off, from the melt. Then a finely divided treatment solids suspended in a gas is introduced through... | 11/15/1983 |
| 4402275 | Process for the continuous blowing of fine-particled reducing agents consisting predominantly of mineral coal into a shaft furnace A mixture of fine-particle mineral coal and a fine-particle solid carrier of carbon is stored in a bulk store from which the mixture is withdrawn and continuously blown into a shaft furnace, e.g. a blast furnace. Sufficient carbon carrier is used to loose... | 09/06/1983 |
| 4399983 | Apparatus for the production of liquid iron, especially for directly producing liquid iron from ore A method for producing liquid iron, especially for producing liquid iron directly from iron ore, mainly comprising the steps of saturating an iron bath in a container by blowing particulate carbon into the bath, dropping iron ore onto a central portion of... | 08/23/1983 |
| 4397962 | Energy storage element and method of making same An energy-storage element, i.e. a body of high heat capacity capable of storing thermal energy and especially electrothermal energy, consists of 50-95% magnesium oxide, 5-50% iron oxide and a chemical binder, the mean particle size of the magnesium oxide ... | 08/09/1983 |
| 4395026 | Refractory gas-permeable structural unit A refractory gas-permeable structural unit for blowing a gas into a metal treatment vessel and through its casing has at least two elements composed of refractory material and having abutting longitudinal faces provided with at least one metal layer, a me... | 07/26/1983 |
| 4392887 | Method of desulfurizing an iron melt A desulfurization method in which an iron melt, carefully skimmed from slag in a ladle, is covered with about 1 to 2 kg. of lime per ton of iron, the melt is deoxidized to at most 35 ppm of oxygen and is then blown with a mixture of lime, calcium fluoride... | 07/12/1983 |
